IEC TR 61044-2002 Opportunity charging of lead-acid traction batteries《牵引用铅酸蓄电池组的利用机会充电》.pdf

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1、RAPPORTTECHNIQUECEIIECTECHNICALREPORTTR 61044Deuxime ditionSecond edition2002-12Charge opportune des batteriesde traction au plombOpportunity charging of lead-acidtraction batteriesNumro de rfrenceReference numberCEI/IEC/TR 61044:2002Numrotation des publicationsDepuis le 1er janvier 1997, les public

2、ations de la CEIsont numrotes partir de 60000. Ainsi, la CEI 34-1devient la CEI 60034-1.Editions consolidesLes versions consolides de certaines publications de laCEI incorporant les amendements sont disponibles. Parexemple, les numros ddition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 indiquentrespectivement la publication de

3、 base, la publication debase incorporant lamendement 1, et la publication debase incorporant les amendements 1 et 2.Informations supplmentairessur les publications de la CEILe contenu technique des publications de la CEI estconstamment revu par la CEI afin quil reflte ltatactuel de la technique. Des

4、 renseignements relatifs cette publication, y compris sa validit, sont dispo-nibles dans le Catalogue des publications de la CEI(voir ci-dessous) en plus des nouvelles ditions,amendements et corrigenda. Des informations sur lessujets ltude et lavancement des travaux entreprispar le comit dtudes qui

5、a labor cette publication,ainsi que la liste des publications parues, sontgalement disponibles par lintermdiaire de: Site web de la CEI (www.iec.ch) Catalogue des publications de la CEILe catalogue en ligne sur le site web de la CEI(www.iec.ch/catlg-f.htm) vous permet de faire desrecherches en utili

6、sant de nombreux critres,comprenant des recherches textuelles, par comitdtudes ou date de publication. Des informationsen ligne sont galement disponibles sur lesnouvelles publications, les publications rempla-ces ou retires, ainsi que sur les corrigenda. IEC Just PublishedCe rsum des dernires public

7、ations parues(www.iec.ch/JP.htm) est aussi disponible parcourrier lectronique. Veuillez prendre contactavec le Service client (voir ci-dessous) pour plusdinformations. Service clientsSi vous avez des questions au sujet de cettepublication ou avez besoin de renseignementssupplmentaires, prenez contac

8、t avec le Serviceclients:Email: custserviec.chTl: +41 22 919 02 11Fax: +41 22 919 03 00Publication numberingAs from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications areissued with a designation in the 60000 series. Forexample, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.Consolidated editionsThe IEC is now publish

9、ing consolidated versions of itspublications. For example, edition numbers 1.0, 1.1and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication,the base publication incorporating amendment 1 andthe base publication incorporating amendments 1and 2.Further information on IEC publicationsThe technical content

10、of IEC publications is keptunder constant review by the IEC, thus ensuring thatthe content reflects current technology. Informationrelating to this publication, including its validity, isavailable in the IEC Catalogue of publications(see below) in addition to new editions, amendmentsand corrigenda.

11、Information on the subjects underconsideration and work in progress undertaken by thetechnical committee which has prepared thispublication, as well as the list of publications issued,is also available from the following: IEC Web Site (www.iec.ch) Catalogue of IEC publicationsThe on-line catalogue o

12、n the IEC web site(www.iec.ch/catlg-e.htm) enables you to searchby a variety of criteria including text searches,technical committees and date of publication. On-line information is also available on recentlyissued publications, withdrawn and replacedpublications, as well as corrigenda. IEC Just Pub

13、lishedThis summary of recently issued publications(www.iec.ch/JP.htm) is also available by email.Please contact the Customer Service Centre (seebelow) for further information. Customer Service CentreIf you have any questions regarding thispublication or need further assistance, pleasecontact the Cus

14、tomer Service Centre:Email: custserviec.chTel: +41 22 919 02 11Fax: +41 22 919 03 00.RAPPORTTECHNIQUECEIIECTECHNICALREPORTTR 61044Deuxime ditionSecond edition2002-12Charge opportune des batteriesde traction au plombOpportunity charging of lead-acidtraction batteries IEC 2002 Droits de reproduction r

15、servs Copyright - all rights reservedAucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite niutilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd,lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photocopie et lesmicrofilms, sans laccord crit de lditeur.No part of this publication may be reproduced or

16、utilized in anyform or by any means, electronic or mechanical, includingphotocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing fromthe publisher.International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varemb, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, SwitzerlandTelephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 0

17、3 00 E-mail: inmailiec.ch Web: www.iec.chLCommission Electrotechnique InternationaleInternational Electrotechnical Commission Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueurFor price, see current catalogueCODE PRIXPRICE CODE 2 TR 61044 CEI:2002SOMMAIREAVANT-PROPOS . 4INTRODUCTION 81 Domaine dapplication et obj

18、et 102 Dfinitions 103 Planning .124 Procdures de fonctionnement12Bibliographie.20Figure 1 Diagramme typique du service journalier (24 h) dune batterie16Figure 2 Diagramme typique du service journalier (24 h) dune batterie soupapes.18TR 61044 IEC:2002 3 CONTENTSFOREWORD 5INTRODUCTION 91 Scope and obj

19、ect 112 Definitions 113 Planning .134 Operational procedures 13Bibliography21Figure 1 Schematic patterns of a 24 h (daily) duty battery duty.17Figure 2 Schematic patterns of a 24 h (daily) duty of a valve-regulated battery 19 4 TR 61044 CEI:2002COMMISSION LECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE_CHARGE OPPORT

20、UNE DES BATTERIESDE TRACTION AU PLOMBAVANT-PROPOS1) La CEI (Commission Electrotechnique Internationale) est une organisation mondiale de normalisationcompose de lensemble des comits lectrotechniques nationaux (Comits nationaux de la CEI). La CEI apour objet de favoriser la coopration internationale

21、pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans lesdomaines de llectricit et de llectronique. A cet effet, la CEI, entre autres activits, publie des Normesinternationales. Leur laboration est confie des comits dtudes, aux travaux desquels tout Comit nationalintress par le sujet trait peut participer

22、. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et nongouvernementales, en liaison avec la CEI, participent galement aux travaux. La CEI collabore troitementavec lOrganisation Internationale de Normalisation (ISO), selon des conditions fixes par accord entre lesdeux organisations.2) Les dcisio

23、ns ou accords officiels de la CEI concernant les questions techniques reprsentent, dans la mesuredu possible, un accord international sur les sujets tudis, tant donn que les Comits nationaux intressssont reprsents dans chaque comit dtudes.3) Les documents produits se prsentent sous la forme de recom

24、mandations internationales. Ils sont publiscomme normes, spcifications techniques, rapports techniques ou guides et agrs comme tels par lesComits nationaux.4) Dans le but dencourager lunification internationale, les Comits nationaux de la CEI sengagent appliquer defaon transparente, dans toute la me

25、sure possible, les Normes internationales de la CEI dans leurs normesnationales et rgionales. Toute divergence entre la norme de la CEI et la norme nationale ou rgionalecorrespondante doit tre indique en termes clairs dans cette dernire.5) La CEI na fix aucune procdure concernant le marquage comme i

26、ndication dapprobation et sa responsabilitnest pas engage quand un matriel est dclar conforme lune de ses normes.6) Lattention est attire sur le fait que certains des lments du prsent rapport technique peuvent faire lobjet dedroits de proprit intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. La CEI ne saurait

27、tre tenue pour responsable de nepas avoir identifi de tels droits de proprit et de ne pas avoir signal leur existence.La tche principale des comits dtudes de la CEI est llaboration des Normesinternationales. Toutefois, un comit dtudes peut proposer la publication dun rapporttechnique lorsquil a runi

28、 des donnes de nature diffrente de celles qui sont normalementpublies comme Normes internationales, cela pouvant comprendre, par exemple, desinformations sur ltat de la technique.La CEI 61044, qui est un rapport technique, a t tablie par le comit dtudes 21 de la CEI:Accumulateurs.Cette seconde ditio

29、n annule et remplace la premire dition publie en 1990, dont elleconstitue une rvision mineure.Le texte de ce rapport technique est issu des documents suivants:Projet denqute Rapport de vote21/546/DTR 21/563/RVCLe rapport de vote indiqu dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ay

30、antabouti lapprobation de ce rapport technique.Cette publication a t rdige selon les Directives ISO/CEI, Partie 2.TR 61044 IEC:2002 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION_OPPORTUNITY-CHARGING OF LEAD-ACIDTRACTION BATTERIESFOREWORD1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a world

31、wide organization for standardization comprisingall national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promoteinternational co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. Tothis end and in addition to other a

32、ctivities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation isentrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with mayparticipate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaisingwith the IEC al

33、so participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the InternationalOrganization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between thetwo organizations.2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as

34、 possible, aninternational consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representationfrom all interested National Committees.3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the formof standards, technical spec

35、ifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the NationalCommittees in that sense.4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC InternationalStandards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional st

36、andards. Anydivergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearlyindicated in the latter.5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for anyequipment declared to be in conformity with one of i

37、ts standards.6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this technical report may be the subject ofpatent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Stand

38、ards. However, atechnical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collecteddata of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard,for example “state of the art”.IEC 61044, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC techn

39、ical committee 21:Secondary cells and batteries.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 1990.The text of this technical report is based on the following documents:Enquiry draft Report on voting21/546/DTR 21/563/RVCFull information on the voting for the approval of th

40、is technical report can be found in thereport on voting indicated in the above table.This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. 6 TR 61044 CEI:2002Le comit a dcid que le contenu de cette publication ne sera pas modifi avant 2008.A cette date, la publication

41、sera reconduite; supprime; remplace par une dition rvise, ou amende.TR 61044 IEC:2002 7 The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until 2008.At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed; withdrawn; replaced by a revised edition, or amended. 8 TR 61044

42、 CEI:2002INTRODUCTIONLes batteries de traction au plomb trouvent une large gamme dapplications pour les chariotsde manutention lourds, en raison de la combinaison des caractristiques bien connues quesont la fourniture dnergie et la protection de lenvironnement. Pour de telles applications, lecontrle

43、 et la rgulation en puissance par des moyens lectroniques progressent tous deuxrapidement, non seulement pour ltape de dcharge, mais galement pour la charge. Celapermet le biberonnage de la batterie dune manire parfaitement contrle pendant lespriodes de repos incluses dans un programme de travail, c

44、e qui accrot notablement lacapacit totale (ampre-heure) de la batterie au-del du pourcentage maximal de la capacitde dcharge nominale recommande par jour de travail. Cependant, cette mthode ne setraduira par une amlioration du rendement financier que si des prcautions adquates sontprises pour empche

45、r une dgradation prcoce de ltat de la batterie due cette mthode.Le prsent rapport technique est destin prsenter un petit nombre de rgles de base,dduites de lexprience pratique des fabricants de batteries en gnral et de la chargeopportune des batteries de traction en particulier, dans le but dviter d

46、es effets nfastes surun quipement de valeur.TR 61044 IEC:2002 9 INTRODUCTIONLead-acid traction batteries find widespread application in heavy-duty work vehicles becauseof their particular combination of well-known characteristics of power supply andenvironmental protection. In such applications, bot

47、h monitoring and power management byelectronic means are progressing rapidly, not only on the discharge side of the energybalance but in recharging as well. This permits the “refuelling” of a battery in a well-controlledmanner during the idle periods in the course of a working schedule, thus substan

48、tiallyincreasing the total capacity output (ampere-hour) of the battery beyond the maximumpercentage of the nominal recommended discharge capacity per working day. However, sucha procedure will provide improved capital efficiency only if adequate precautions are taken toprevent early deterioration of the state of a battery due to that practice.This Technical Report is intended to present a few basic rules, derived from the fieldexperience of battery manufacturers in general and from “opportunity-char

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