1、 IEC/TR 62869 Edition 1.0 2013-07 TECHNICAL REPORT Activities and considerations related to wireless power transfer (WPT) for audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment IEC/TR 62869:2013(E) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2013 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All right
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9、and considerations related to wireless power transfer (WPT) for audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION XA ICS 29.240.99; 33.160.01 PRICE CODE ISBN 978-2-8322-0926-4 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Mak
10、e sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. colour inside 2 TR 62869 IEC:2013(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD . 6 INTRODUCTION . 8 1 Scope . 9 2 Executive summary 9 2.1 Market . 9 2.2 Technology 9 2.3 Regulation . 9 2.4 Standards development . 10 2.5 IEC TC 100 WPT technical stand
11、ards development . 10 3 Terms and definitions . 10 3.1 Terms and definitions 10 3.2 Abbreviations 11 4 Market 13 4.1 Use cases . 13 4.1.1 General . 13 4.1.2 Vehicle 13 4.1.3 Commercial, institutional, retail 13 4.1.4 Residential 13 4.1.5 Professional office . 14 4.1.6 Transportation and public space
12、s 14 4.1.7 Beyond mobile CE . 14 4.2 Public benefit, including reduction in e-waste 14 4.3 Overview of products and services 16 4.3.1 Overview . 16 4.3.2 Market segmentation . 16 4.3.3 Market size 16 4.3.4 Geographic extent . 16 4.3.5 Market participation . 16 4.3.6 Current market technologies 16 4.
13、3.7 Global industry engagement 17 4.3.8 By underlying technology . 17 4.3.9 By product and use case . 17 4.4 Research activities 20 4.4.1 Academic research 20 4.4.2 Market research and analysis 21 5 Technology . 22 5.1 System reference model 22 5.2 The wireless power transfer layer 24 5.2.1 General
14、. 24 5.2.2 Electromagnetic induction 24 5.2.3 Magnetic resonance 25 5.2.4 Capacitive coupling . 26 5.2.5 Microwave power transfer 26 5.2.6 Microwave energy harvesting 26 6 Regulation . 27 6.1 Spectrum . 27 TR 62869 IEC:2013(E) 3 6.2 RF emissions 28 6.3 Safety 28 6.3.1 General . 28 6.3.2 RF exposure
15、28 6.3.3 Heating 30 6.3.4 Electrical safety . 30 6.4 Compliance . 30 6.4.1 Identified regulations and standards 30 6.4.2 Measurement methods 32 6.5 Impact of regulation . 32 7 Technical standards development . 32 7.1 General . 32 7.2 Global survey industrial consortia 33 7.2.1 General . 33 7.2.2 A4W
16、P Alliance for Wireless Power 33 7.2.3 CE4A Consumer Electronics for Automotive . 33 7.2.4 DE Digital Europe . 33 7.2.5 KWPF Korea Wireless Power Forum . 33 7.2.6 MFAN Magnetic Field Area Network Forum 34 7.2.7 NFC Forum 34 7.2.8 PMA Power Matters Alliance . 34 7.2.9 WPC Wireless Power Consortium .
17、34 7.3 Global survey governmental and standards development organizations . 35 7.3.1 General . 35 7.3.2 APT Asia Pacific Telecommunity 36 7.3.3 ARIB Association of Radio Industries and Businesses 37 7.3.4 BWF Broadband Wireless Forum 37 7.3.5 CCSA China Communications Standards Association . 39 7.3.
18、6 CEA Consumer Electronics Association 40 7.3.7 CJK China, Japan and Korea Standards Coordination 40 7.3.8 ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute 40 7.3.9 GSC Global Standards Collaboration 41 7.3.10 IEC TC 100 41 7.3.11 ISO/IEC JTC 1 . 42 7.3.12 ITU-R 42 7.3.13 TTA Telecommunications
19、Technology Association 42 7.3.14 UL Underwriters Laboratories . 43 8 Review of WPT opportunities and challenges . 43 8.1 General . 43 8.2 Market . 43 8.2.1 Interoperability 43 8.2.2 Use cases . 44 8.3 Technology and technical standards development . 44 8.3.1 Competing WPT technologies 44 8.3.2 Paral
20、lel efforts . 44 8.3.3 Interoperability and multi-protocol support . 44 9 Role for IEC TC 100 . 44 9.1 General . 44 9.2 Market . 44 4 TR 62869 IEC:2013(E) 9.2.1 Increase awareness and impact . 44 9.2.2 Nomenclature harmonization . 45 9.3 Technology 45 9.3.1 Technology taxonomy, use case and use case
21、 category harmonization 45 9.3.2 WPT classification . 45 9.4 Regulation . 45 9.4.1 General . 45 9.4.2 Product categorization . 45 9.4.3 Spectrum . 45 9.4.4 RF emissions (EMI/EMC), RF exposure and regulatory engineering 45 9.5 Technical standards development . 46 9.5.1 Framework of WPT standards 46 9
22、.5.2 Interoperability 46 9.5.3 Minimum performance testing and certification 47 10 Summary and conclusions 47 Bibliography 49 Figure 1 Automotive CE WPT products and concepts . 18 Figure 2 CE WPT products and concepts . 19 Figure 3 Professional office WPT products and concepts . 19 Figure 4 Embedded
23、 WPT concepts for public spaces . 20 Figure 5 WPT system reference model for single source single device . 23 Figure 6 Electromagnetic induction 25 Figure 7 Magnetic resonance . 25 Figure 8 Electric field inductive coupling 26 Figure 9 Microwave power transfer 26 Figure 10 Radio-exposure protection
24、guidelines details (Japan) . 30 Figure 11 Regulatory, technical standards and implementation pipelines . 36 Figure 12 Relationship between key Japan WPT technical standards stakeholders 38 Table 1 Academic-type research 20 Table 2 Market planning and analysis 21 Table 3 Operating frequencies and pow
25、er limits . 27 Table 4 GB8702-88 (China) basic restrictions 29 Table 5 GB 9175-88 (China) maximum permitted exposure 29 Table 6 Identified regulations and standards 31 Table 7 Alliance for Wireless Power (A4WP) 33 Table 8 Consumer Electronics for Automotive (CE4A) 33 Table 9 Digital Europe (DE) . 33
26、 Table 10 Korea Wireless Power Forum (KWPF) . 34 Table 11 Magnetic Field Area Network Forum (MFAN) . 34 Table 12 NFC Forum . 34 Table 13 Power Matters Alliance (PMA) . 34 Table 14 Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) . 35 TR 62869 IEC:2013(E) 5 Table 15 Asia Pacific Telecommunity (APT) . 37 Table 16 Asso
27、ciation of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) . 37 Table 17 Broadband Wireless Forum (BWF) 39 Table 18 China Communications Standards Association (CCSA) . 39 Table 19 Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) 40 Table 20 China, Japan and Korea Standards Coordination (CJK) . 40 Table 21 European Tel
28、ecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). 41 Table 22 Global Standards Collaboration (GSC) 41 Table 23 IEC TC 100 . 41 Table 24 ISO/IEC JTC 1. 42 Table 25 ITU-R 42 Table 26 Telecommunications Technologies Association (TTA) . 43 Table 27 Underwriters Laboratories (UL) 43 6 TR 62869 IEC:2013(E) INTE
29、RNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ ACTIVITIES AND CONSIDERATIONS RELATED TO WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER (WPT) FOR AUDIO, VIDEO AND MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national
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41、onal Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC 62869, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 100: Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment. The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 100/2134/D
42、TR 100/2166/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. TR 62869 IEC:2013(E) 7 The committee has decided that the c
43、ontents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual
44、 version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a co
45、lour printer. 8 TR 62869 IEC:2013(E) INTRODUCTION IEC TC 100 established a Stage 0 project on wireless power transfer (WPT) to develop a technical report on WPT technical standardization in relation to audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment. A survey was developed to investigate the globa
46、l positioning of the technology and its uptake. Twelve National Committees provided responses. Four National Committees (China, Japan, Korea, USA) provided responses to all questions. The key research undertaken and information gathered from the survey responses included: a) terms and definitions us
47、ed for WPT by IEC TC 100 members; b) regulations, national laws, public policies and industry practices related to WPT; c) status of activities and discussions in various organizations relating to regulatory activities, standards projects, and market research; d) potential topics to be addressed in
48、IEC TC 100 TR: and e) potential role for IEC TC 100 in the domain of WPT technical standards development. This Technical Report combines survey results with Stage 0 project expert group contributions and extensive public information to develop and present a holistic understanding of WPT and, in so d
49、oing, respond to the Stage 0 TR objectives. This understanding is developed through a progression of four interrelated topics. Clause 4 considers the overall WPT market, including use cases, public benefit, academic research activities, and an overview of WPT products and services. Clause 5 discusses leading commercial WPT technical approaches and briefly surveys additional WPT technologies by reviewin
