IEC 61262-5-1994 Medical electrical equipment - Characteristics of electro-optical X-ray image intensifiers - Part 5 Determination of the detective quantum effi.pdf

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1、NORME INTERNATIONALE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD CE1 IEC 1262-5 Premire dition First edition 1994-07 Appareils lectromdicaux - Caractristiques des intensificateurs lectro-optiques dimage radiologique - Partie 5: Dtermination de lefficacit quantique de dtection Medical electrical equipment - Characteristi

2、cs of electro-optical X-ray image intensifiers - Part 5: Determination of the detective quantum efficiency Numro de rfrence Reference number CEI/IEC 1262-5: 1994 Numros des publications Depuis le ler janvier 1997, les publications de la CE1 sont numrotes partir de 60000. Publications consolides Les

3、versions consolides de certaines publications de la CE1 incorporant les amendements sont disponibles. Par exemple, les numros ddition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 indiquent respectivement la publication de base, la publication de base incorporant lamendement 1, et la publication de base incorporant les amendemen

4、ts 1 et 2. Validit de la prsente publication Le contenu technique des publications de la CE1 est constamment revu par la CE1 afin quil reflete ltat actuel de la technique. Des renseignements relatifs la date de re- confirmation de la publication sont disponibles dans le Catalogue de la CEI. Les rens

5、eignements relatifs des questions ltude et des travaux en cours entrepris par le comit technique qui a tabli cette publication, ainsi que la liste des publications tablies, se trouvent dans les documents ci-dessous: Site web de la CEP Catalogue des publications de la CE1 Publi annuellement et mis jo

6、ur rgulirement (Catalogue en ligne)* Disponible la fois au site web de la CEI et comme priodique imprim Bulletin de la CE1 Terminologie, symboles graphiques et littraux En ce qui concerne la terminologie gnrale, le lecteur se reportera la CE1 60050: Vocabulaire Electro- technique International (VEI)

7、. Pour les symboles graphiques, les symboles littraux et les signes dusage gnral approuvs par la CEI, le lecteur consultera la CE1 60027: Symboles littraux a utiliser en lectrotechnique, la CE1 6041 7: Symboles graphiques utilisables sur le matriel. Index, relev et compilation des feuilles individue

8、lles. et la CE1 60617: Symboles graphiques pour schmas. * Voir adresse 4te web, sur la page de titre. Numbering As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the 60000 series. Consolidated publications Consolidated versions of some IEC publications including amendments

9、 are available. For example, edition numbers 1 .O, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the base publication incor- porating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating amendments 1 and 2. Validity of this publication The technical content of IEC publications is kept unde

10、r constant review by the IEC, thus ensuring that the content reflects current technology. Information relating to the date of the reconfirmation of the publication is available in the IEC catalogue. Information on the subjects under consideration and work in progress undertaken by the technical com-

11、 mittee which has prepared this publication, as well as the list of publications issued, is to be found at the following IEC sources: IEC web site* Catalogue of IEC publications Published yearly with regular updates (On-line catalogue)* Available both at the IEC web site* and as a printed periodical

12、 IEC Bulletin Terminology, graphical and letter symbols For general terminology, readers are referred to I EC 60 050: International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV). For graphical symbols, and letter symbols and signs approved by the IEC for general use, readers are referred to publications IEC 600

13、27: Letter symbols to be used in electrical technology, IEC 60417: Graphical symbols for use on equipment. Index, survey and compilation of the single sheets and IEC 60617: Graphical symbols for diagrams. * See web site address on title page. NORME I NTE RN AT1 ON ALE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD CE1 IEC

14、1262-5 Premire dition First edition 1994-07 Appareils lectromdicaux - Caractristiques des intensificateurs lect ro-op t iq ues d i mage radio log que - Partie 5: Dtermination de I e f f icaci t quantique de dtection Medical electrical equipment - Characteristics of electro-optical X-ray image intens

15、ifiers - Part 5: Determination of the detective quantum efficiency CE1 1994 Droits de reproduction reserves - Copyright - all rights reserved Auwne partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise sous quelque form que soit et par aucun pro- cd. lectronique ou mcanique. y compris !a pho

16、tocope et les microfilms. sans laccord crrl de Iditeur No part of this publication may be reproduced or ulilued in any form or by any means. electronic or mechanical. including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. Bureau Central de ia Commission Eiectrotechni

17、que Internationale 3, rue de Varem any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental ad non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates dosely with the

18、Intemational Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared by technical committees on which all the National Committees having interest therei

19、n are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an intemational consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with. 3) They have the form of recommendations for international use published in the form of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Cornmittees in that

20、 sense. 4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Cornmittees undertake to apply IEC International Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any divergence behiveen the IEC Standard ad the corresponding national or regional

21、standard shall be clearly indicated in the latter. International Standard IEC 1262-5 has been prepared by sub-committee 628: Diagnostic imaging equipment, of IEC technical committee 62: Electrical equipment in medical practice. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: Report on

22、 voting I DIS I Full information on the voting for approval of this standard can be found in the Report on voting indicated in the above table. Annexes A, B, C and D are for information only. In this standard, the following print types are used: - Requirements, compliance with which can be tested, a

23、nd definitions: in roman type. - Explanations, advice, introductions, general statements, and exceptions: in smaller type. - Test specifications: in italic type. - TERMS USED MROUGHOCTT MIS STANDARD WHICH HAVE BEEN DEFINED IN 3.1 AND IN ANNEX A: SW CAPITALS. -6- 1262-5 O CEI:1994 INTRODUCTION LEFFIC

24、ACITE DE QUANTIQUE DE DETECTION (DQE) est une mesure de la qualit de limage dun systme, tablie par comparaison de son rapport signal-bruit (SNR) de sortie avec son SNR dentre. Pour les systmes linaires de formation dimages, il est possible danalyser le SNR et le OQE en fonction de signaux sinusodaux

25、 variables. La prsente norme donne des spcifications dtailles pour la spatiales et temporelles proches de zro. La mthode utilise est lanalyse du spectre de scintillation (SSA). dtermination du DQE des INTENSIFICATEURS ELECTRO-OPTIQUES DIMAGE RADIOLOGIQUE a des frquences La SOURCE DE RAYONNEMENT dent

26、re est le radionuclide 241Am qui est prfrable a une SOURCE DE RAYONNEMENT X parce que outre son absence de drive et de fluctuations priodiques lentre, il produit un rayonnement gamma sur une plage nergtique radiologiquement intressante. Le signal du lu minophore de sortie de IINTENSIFICATEUR ELECTRO

27、-OPTIQUE DIMAGE RADIOLOGIQUE est intgr sur une surface grande par rapport limage de la source. De plus, la mthode SSA ncessite lintgration de pratiquement toute lnergie des photons lumineux en sortie de IINTENSIFICATEUR ELECTRO-OPTIQUE DIMAGE RADIOLOGIQUE imputable labsorption dun seul photon de ray

28、onnement gamma. Ces caractristiques donnent une mesure proche de zro pour les frquences spatiales comme pour les frquences temporelles. La prsente norme ne spcifie la mesure du DQE qu proximit du CENTRE DU CHAMP DENTREE. Dautre part, la mthode SSA nest pas recommande pour un INTENSIFICATEUR ELECTRO-

29、OPTIQUE DIMAGE RADIOLOGIQUE dont la dcroissance de lmittance du luminophore de sortie est considrablement plus lente que celle dun luminophore P-20. Gnralement, lorsquun seul photon de rayonnement gamma est absorb, lintensit de limpulsion lumineuse correspondante, 1 ms aprs le dbut de limpulsion, de

30、vrait tre infrieure 10 % de lintensit maximale. Cela suppose que lintervalle de temps entre le dbut de limpulsion et lintensit maximale est beaucoup plus petit que 1 ms. Etant donn que la mthode SSA ncessite une intgration de lmittance due aux photons individuels de rayonnement gamma, les luminophor

31、es ayant une dcroissance considrablement plus lente ncessitent des vitesses de comptage des photons de rayonnement gamma trs faibles, qui peuvent devenir comparables aux vitesses de comptage du bruit de fond. II est reconnu quil existe dautres mthodes de mesure du DQE par exemple lanalyse par paquet

32、s dimpulsions, lanalyse du bruit r.m.s. et lestimation de labsorption quantique partir des D - Bibliographie). Les mthodes qui fournissent des rsultats de mesure de DQE cohrents, dans la limite de prcision de la mesure, avec les rsultats obtenus par la mthode de la prsente norme, sont tout aussi acceptables. CaaCtiStiqUeS physiques de IINTENSIFICATEUR ELECTRO-OPTIQUE DIMAGE RADIOLOGIQUE (Voir annexe

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