1、 Recognized as anAmerican National Standard (ANSI)The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2394, USACopyright 1997 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 1997. Printed in the United State
2、s of AmericaISBN 1-55937-830-1No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.IEEE Std C57.19.03-1996IEEE Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code for Bushings for DC Application
3、sSponsorIEEE Transformers Committeeof thePower Engineering SocietyApproved 20 June 1996IEEE Standards BoardApproved January 1997IEEE Standards BoardAbstract:This standard applies to outdoor and indoor power apparatus dc bushings of condensertype that have basic impulse insulation levels of 110 kV an
4、d above for use as components of oil-lled converter transformers and smoothing reactors, as well as air-to-air dc bushings. This stan-dard denes the special terms used, service conditions, rating, general requirements, electricalinsulation characteristics, and test procedure for the bushings for dc
5、application.Keywords:bushings, dc applicationIEEE Standardsdocuments are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinat-ing Committees of the IEEE Standards Board. Members of the committees serve voluntarily andwithout compensation. They are not necessarily members of the Institute.
6、 The standards developedwithin IEEE represent a consensus of the broad expertise on the subject within the Institute as wellas those activities outside of IEEE that have expressed an interest in participating in the develop-ment of the standard.Use of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. The existe
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10、n with IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of aproposed change of text, together with appropriate supporting comments.Interpretations: Occasionally questions may arise regarding the meaning of portions of standards asthey relate to specic applications. When the need for
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13、ons should be addressed to:Secretary, IEEE Standards Board445 Hoes LaneP.O. Box 1331Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331USAAuthorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use isgranted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appr
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15、can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center.Note: Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard mayrequire use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard,no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of a
16、ny patent rights inconnection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying all patents forwhich a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries intothe legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.iiiIntroduction(This introducti
17、on is not part of IEEE Std C57.19.03-1996, IEEE Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Codefor Bushings for DC Applications.)This document is based on the standard practices for bushings applied to indoor and outdoor, oil-lled,dc power apparatus, and air-to-air, wall, and roof dc bushings. It
18、is the result of joint efforts of professionalengineers, manufacturers, and users working together under the auspices of the Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers (IEEE). Work on this standard was started in 1988 within the Working Group onBushings for DC Applications of the Bushing Subco
19、mmittee of the IEEE Transformers Committee. Theworking group decided to address requirements for these bushings in a self-standing document becausemany problems specic to this type of the bushing were being experienced within the industry and otheravailable standards on bushings were inadequate for
20、this purpose. The main reference for the resulting docu-ment was its counterpart for ac bushings, IEEE Std C57.19.00-1991, IEEE Standard General Requirementsand Test Procedures for Outdoor Power Apparatus Bushings, with portions adapted from the 1984 issue ofIEC Publication 137, Insulating Bushings
21、for Alternating Voltages Above 1000 V. Requirements were alsocoordinated with the CIGRE Joint Working Group 12/14.10 as well as with the HVDC Converter Trans-former and Smoothing Reactor Subcommittee of the IEEE Transformers Committee, which developed stan-dards for these HVDC apparatus during the s
22、ame time frame.The Accredited Standards Committee on Transformers, Regulators, and Reactors, C57, that reviewed andapproved this document, had the following membership at the time of approval:P. E. Orehek, Chairvacant,Vice ChairJohn A. Gauthier, SecretaryOrganization Represented Name of Representati
23、veElectric Light and Power Group E. A. BertoliniT. DiamantisK. HanusM. C. Mingoia (Alt.)P. OrehekG. PaivaJ. SullivanInstitute of Electrical and Electronics EngineersW. B. BinderJ. D. BorstJ. H. HarlowJ. W. MatthewsL. SavioH. D. Smith (Alt.)G. H. VaillancourtNational Electrical Manufacturers Associat
24、ion .G. D. CoulterP. Dewever (Alt.)J. Douglas S. EndersbeA. GhafourianP. HopkinsonK. R. LinsleyR. L. Plaster (Alt.)H. Robin Tennessee Valley AuthorityF. LewisUnderwriters Laboratories, Inc . M. SchackerUS Department of Agriculture, REA J. BohlkUS Department of Energy, Western Area Power Administrati
25、on Kenneth C. WolohonUS Department of Interior, Bureau of Reclamation .R. ChadwickUS Department of the Navy, Civil Engineering CorpsH. P. StickleyivThe Working Group on Bushings for DC Applications had the following membership at the time that thisstandard was developed and approved:Olof Heyman,Chai
26、r Devki N. Sharma,SecretaryThe following persons were on the balloting committee:P. BertolottoF. CostaV. DahindenF. ElliottJ. FoldiJ. FrostD. A. GilliesA. J. JonnattiS. LindgrenJ. C. RiboudF. RichensH. RuevekampP. SinghW. W. SteinL. WagenaarW. A. YoungEdward J. AdolphsonD. J. AllanRaymond Allustiart
27、iMichael S. AltmanGlenn AndersenJ. C. ArnoldJ. ArteagaJ. AubinDonald E. AyersRoy A. BancroftRon L. BarkerDavid A. BarnardE. BertoliniWallace B. BinderJ. H. BishopW. E. BoettgerJ. V. BonucchiJohn D. BorstC. V. BrownM. CambreD. J. CashD. ChuThomas F. ClarkJ. L. CorkranDan W. CroftsJohn C. CrouseV. Dah
28、indenJohn N. DavisR. C. DegeneffT. DiamantisLarry E. DixR. F. DudleyJohn A. EbertK. EdwardsFred E. ElliottD. J. FallonP. T. FeghaliJeffrey A. FleemanMichael A. FranchekJerry M. FrankDudley L. GallowayA. A. GhafourianDonald A. GilliesR. S. GirgisR. D. GrahamRobert L. GrubbR. L. GrunertF. J. Gryszkiew
29、iczMichael E. HaasGeoff H. HallE. HaniqueN. Wayne HansenKenneth S. HanusJames H. HarlowFrank W. HeinrichsWilliam R. HenningK. R. HightonPeter J. HoeerPhilip J. HopkinsonJ .W. HowardEdgar HowellsJ. HuntY. Peter IijimaC. W. JohnsonAnthony J. JonnattiR. D. JordanE. KallaurJ. J. KellySheldon P. KennedyW
30、illiam N. KennedyJames P. KinneyAlexander D. KlineJ. G. LackeyMichael Y. LauJ. P. LazarFrank A. LewisHarold F. LightS. R. LindgrenLarry A. LowdermilkDonald L. LoweRichard I. LoweDavid S. LyonJoseph MaWilliam A. MaguireK.T. MassoudaJohn W. MatthewsA. D. McCainJack W. McGillCharles J. McMillenW. J. Mc
31、NuttCharles P. McShaneRoss McTaggartSam P. MehtaC. Kent MillerMatthew C. MingoiaRussell E. MinkwitzMichael I. MitelmanHarold R. MooreW. E. MorehartD. H. MulkeyC. R. MurrayR. J. MusilWilliam H. MutschlerCarl G. NiemannE. T. NortonPaul E. OrehekGerald A. PaivaKlaus PappBipin K. PatelWesley F. Patterso
32、n, Jr.J. M. PattonPaulette A. PayneLarry C. PearsonThomas J. PekarekDan D. PercoMark D. PerkinsV. Q. PhamLinden W. PierceR. L. PlasterDonald W. PlattsBertrand PoulinJeewan L. PuriVadim RaffJ. D. RambozCharles T. RaymondPierre RiffonPeter G. RisseS. M. A. RizviChris A. RobbinsR. B. RobertsonA. L. Rob
33、insonJ. R. RossettiG. W. RoweMahesh P. SampatLeo J. SavioWilliam E. SaxonRobert W. ScheuDevki N. SharmaV. ShenoyHyeong J. SimJ. W. SmithvWhen the IEEE Standards Board approved this standard on 20 June 1996, it had the following membership:Donald C. Loughry,ChairRichard J. Holleman,Vice ChairAndrew G
34、. Salem,Secretary*Member EmeritusAlso included are the following nonvoting IEEE Standards Board liaisons:Satish K. AggarwalAlan H. CooksonChester C. TaylorRochelle L. SternIEEE Standards Project EditorJ. E. SmithJ. E. SmithStephen D. SmithRonald J. StaharaW. W. SteinRon W. SonerJohn C. SullivanDavid
35、 SundinLouis A. TauberJames B. TempletonV. ThenappanJames A. ThompsonR. W. ThompsonThomas P. TraubE. R. TrummerGeorges H. VaillancourtRobert A .VeitchLoren B.WagenaarBarry H. WardR. J. WheartyD. W. WhitleyA. L. WilksCharles W. WilliamsGilles A. BarilClyde R. CampJoseph A. CannatelliStephen L. Diamon
36、dHarold E. EpsteinDonald C. FleckensteinJay Forster*Donald N. HeirmanBen C. JohnsonE. G. Al KienerJoseph L. Koepnger*Stephen R. LambertLawrence V. McCallL. Bruce McClungMarco W. MigliaroMary Lou PadgettJohn W. PopeJose R. RamosArthur K. ReillyRonald H. ReimerGary S. RobinsonIngo RschJohn S. RyanChee
37、 Kiow TanLeonard L. TrippHoward L. WolfmanviContentsCLAUSE PAGE1. Overview 11.1 Scope 11.2 Purpose. 12. References 13. Definitions 24. Service conditions 64.1 Usual service conditions 64.2 Unusual service conditions 65. Rating. 75.1 Rated maximum line-to-ground voltage 75.2 Rated frequency . 85.3 Ra
38、ted dielectric strength 85.4 Rated current 96. General requirements. 106.1 Electrical requirements 106.2 Mechanical requirements. 116.3 Nameplate markings 126.4 Specific creepage distance . 127. Test procedure 127.1 Test conditions. 127.2 Design tests 137.3 Routine tests. 217.4 Special tests 231IEEE
39、 Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code Bushings for DC Applications1. Overview1.1 ScopeThis standard applies to outdoor and indoor power apparatus dc bushings of condenser type that have basicimpulse insulation levels of 110 kV and above for use as components of oil-lled converter transf
40、ormers andsmoothing reactors, as well as air-to-air dc bushings. This standard does not apply to the following:a) High-voltage cable terminations (potheads)b) Bushings for instrument transformersc) Bushings for test transformersd) Bushings in which the internal insulation is provided by a gase) Bush
41、ings applied with gaseous insulation (other than air at atmospheric pressure) external to thebushingf) Bushings for distribution class transformers1.2 PurposeThis standard denes the special terms used, service conditions, rating, general requirements, electrical insu-lation characteristics, and test
42、 procedure for the bushings for dc application.2. ReferencesThis standard shall be used in conjunction with the following publications. When the following standards aresuperseded by a revision, the revision shall notapply.ANSI C84.1-1982, Electric Power Systems and EquipmentVoltage Ratings (60 Hz).1
43、1ANSI publications are available from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, 13th Floor,New York, NY 10036, USA.IEEEStd C57.19.03-1996 IEEE STANDARD REQUIREMENTS, TERMINOLOGY, AND TEST CODE2ANSI C92.2-1981, Power SystemsPreferred Voltage Ratings for Alterna
44、ting-Current Electrical Systemsand Equipment Operating at Voltages above 230 kV Nominal (revision and redesignation of ANSI C92.2-1987).IEC 137 (1984), Insulating bushings for alternating voltages above 1000 V.2IEC 270 (1981), Partial discharge measurements.IEC 60-1 (1989), High-voltage test techniq
45、ues. Part 1: General denitions and test requirements.IEEE Std 4-1995, IEEE Standard Techniques for High-Voltage Testing (ANSI).3IEEE Std 100-1992, IEEE Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms (ANSI).IEEE Std 1313-1993, IEEE Standard for Power SystemsInsulation Coordination (formerly C92.1)(AN
46、SI).IEEE Std C57.19.100-1995, IEEE Guide for Application of Power Apparatus Bushings (ANSI).IEEE Std C57.19.00-1991, IEEE General Requirements and Test Procedures for Outdoor Apparatus Bush-ings (ANSI).IEEE Std C57.19.01-1991, IEEE Standard Performance Characteristics and Dimensions for Outdoor Appa
47、-ratus Bushings (ANSI).IEEE Std C57.113-1991, IEEE Guide for Partial Discharge Measurement in Liquid-Filled Power Trans-formers and Shunt Reactors (ANSI).3. DenitionsFor terms not specically dened in this standard, see IEEE Std 100-1992.43.1 ambient temperature: The temperature of the surrounding ai
48、r that comes in contact with the bushingand device or equipment in which the bushing is mounted.3.2 arcing distance: The shortest external tight-string distance measured over the insulating envelopebetween the metal parts at line potential and ground. Formerly referred to as striking distanceor flas
49、hoverdistance.3.3 absorption current: Current resulting from charge absorbed in the dielectric as a result of polarization.3.4 bushing: An insulating structure, including a through conductor or providing a central passage for sucha conductor, with provision for mounting on a barrier, conducting or otherwise, for the purpose of insulatingthe conductor from the barrier and conducting current from one side of the barrier to the other.2IEC publications are available from IEC Sales Department, Case Postale 131, 3, rue de Varemb, CH-1211, Genve 20, Switzerland/Suisse
