1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 10.2 Standard Test Method for Water in Crude Oil by Distillation THIRD EDITION, AUGUST 2013Special Notes API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and r
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19、shington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org. iiiContents Page 1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 Referenced Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3 Summary of Test Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4 Significance and Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5 Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6 Solvent . . . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7 Sampling, Test Samples, and Test Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . 2 8 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 9 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 10 Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 11 Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 12 Precision and Bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 13 Keywords . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Annex A1 (Mandatory Information) Warning Statement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Appendix X1 (Nonm
27、andatory Information) Precision and Bias of Test Methods for Determining Water in Crude Oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Figures 1 Distilation Apparatus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 Pick, Scraper, and Jet S
29、pray Tube for Distillation Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 Basic Sediment and Water Precision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 X1.1 Basic Sediment Water Precision for AS
30、TM Test Method D95 (API MPMS Chapter 10.5) Distillation Method (Based on Seven Laboratories) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 X1.2 Basic Sediment and Water Precision for ASTM Test Method D1796 (API MPMS Chapter 10.6) Centrifuge Method (Based on
31、Five Laboratories) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 X1.3 Basic Sediment and Water Precision for ASTM Test Method D1796 (API MPMS Chapter 10.6) Centrifuge Method (Based on Six Laboratories) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Tables X1.1 Base CaseWater Content of Crudes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 X1.2 Water Content of Crude Oil Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 X1.3 Determination of Water in Crude Oils, % H 2 O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 X1.4 Corrections to be Applied to Measured Values to Obtain “True” Water Content . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . 7 X1.5 Bias of Test Methods Estimated from Spiked Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 X1.6 Round-Robin Results of Water in Crude Oils by ASTM D95 (API MPMS Chapter 10.5) and ASTM D1796 (API MPMS Chapter 10.6). . . . . . . . . . . .
35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 X1.7 ASTM Precision Intervals: ASTM D95 (API MPMS Chapter 10.5) (7 Laboratories) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 vDesignation: D4006 11 (Reapproved 2012) 1 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 1
36、0.2 Standard Test Method for Water in Crude Oil by Distillation 1 This standard is issued under the xed designation D4006; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates
37、the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. 1 NOTEAPI information was editorially corrected in June 2013. 1. Scope* 1.1 This test method cov
38、ers the determination of water in crude oil by distillation. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
39、 the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specic warning statements, see 6.1 and A1.1. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 D95Test Method for Water in
40、 Petroleum Products and BituminousMaterialsbyDistillation(API MPMSChapter 10.5) D473TestMethodforSedimentinCrudeOilsandFuelOils by the Extraction Method (API MPMS Chapter 10.1) D665Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water D1796Test Method for
41、Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure) (API MPMS Chapter 10.6) D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.1) D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.2) D4928Te
42、st Method forWater in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration (API MPMS Chapter 10.9) E123SpecicationforApparatusforDeterminationofWater by Distillation 2.2 API Standards: MPMS Chapter 8.1Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ASTM Practice D4057) MPMS Chapter 8.2Automatic Sam
43、pling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ASTM Practice D4177) MPMS Chapter 10.1Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oils by the Extraction Method (ASTMTest Method D473) MPMS Chapter 10.4Determination of Water and/or Sedi- ment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method (Field Procedure) MPMS
44、 Chapter 10.5Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation (ASTM Test Method D95) MPMSChapter10.6TestMethodforWaterandSedimentin Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Proce- dure) (ASTM Test Method D1796) MPMSChapter10.9TestMethodforWaterinCrudeOilsby
45、Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration (ASTM Test Method D4928) 3. Summary of Test Method 3.1 The sample is heated under reux conditions with a waterimmisciblesolventwhichco-distillswiththewaterinthe sample. Condensed solvent and water are continuously sepa- ratedinatrapthewatersettlesinthegraduatedsect
46、ionofthe trap, and the solvent returns to the distillation ask. 4. Signicance and Use 4.1 A knowledge of the water content of crude oil is important in the rening, purchase, sale, or transfer of crude oils. 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and
47、Lubricants and theAPI Committee on Petroleum Measure- ment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02 /COMQ on Hydro- carbon Measurement for Custody Transfer (Joint ASTM-API). Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published December 2012. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edit
48、ion approved in 2011 as D400611. DOI: 10.1520/D4006-11R12. 2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM websit
49、e. *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States 14.2 This test method may not be suitable for crude oils that contain alcohols that are soluble in water. In cases where the impact on the results may be signicant, the user is advised to consider using another test method, such as Test Method D4928 (API MPMS Chapter 10.9). 5. Apparatus 5.1 The preferred apparatus, shown in Fig. 1, consists of a glassdistillationask,acondenser,agraduate
