1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement StandardsChapter 10.2Standard Test Method for Water in Crude Oil by DistillationFOURTH EDITION, DECEMBER 2016Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and re
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19、 addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202)
20、 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContents1 Scope . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Referenced Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . 13 Summary of Test Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Significance and Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Apparatus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Solvent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Sampling, Test Samples, and Test Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310 Calculation . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、 . . . . . . 412 Precision and Bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413 Keywords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Annex (Mandatory Information). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Appendix (Nonmandatory Information). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Figures1 Distillation Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Pick, Scraper, and Jet Spray Tube for Distillation Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Basic Sediment and Water Precision . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5X1.1 Basic Sediment Water Precision for ASTM Test Method D95 (API MPMS Chapter 10.5) Distillation Method (Based on Seven Laboratories) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、 . . . . 9X1.2 Basic Sediment and Water Precision for ASTM Test Method D1796 (API MPMS Chapter 10.6) Centrifuge Method (Based on Five Laboratories). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10X1.3 Basic Sediment and Water Precision for ASTM Test Method D1796 (API MPMS Chapter 10.6) Centrifuge Metho
33、d (Based on Six Laboratories) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10TablesX1.2 Base CaseWater Content of Crudes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6X1.3 Water Content of Crude Oil Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6X1.5 Determination of Water in Crude Oils, % H20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7X1.6 Corrections to be Applied to Measured Values to Obtain “True” Water C
35、ontent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7X1.7 Bias of Test Methods Estimated from Spiked Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7X1.8 Round-Robin Results of Water in Crude Oils by ASTM D95 (API MPMS Chapter 10.5) and ASTM D1796 (API MPMS Chapter
36、10.6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8X1.12 ASTM Precision Intervals: ASTM D95 (API MPMS Chapter 10.5) (7 Laboratories) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9vDesignation: D4006 161Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MP
37、MS), Chapter 10.2Standard Test Method forWater in Crude Oil by Distillation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4006; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthes
38、es indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1NOTESubsections 5.1 and X1.3.3.2 were revised editorially in November 2016.1. S
39、cope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of water incrude oil by distillation.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associa
40、ted with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificwarning statements, see 6.1 and A1.1.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D95 Test M
41、ethod for Water in Petroleum Products andBituminous Materials by Distillation (API MPMS Chapter10.5)D473 Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oilsby the Extraction Method (API MPMS Chapter 10.1)D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics ofInhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of
42、 WaterD1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils bythe Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure) (APIMPMS Chapter 10.6)D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.1)D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products (API M
43、PMS Chapter 8.2)D4928 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by CoulometricKarl Fischer Titration (API MPMS Chapter 10.9)E123 Specification forApparatus for Determination ofWaterby Distillation2.2 API Standards:MPMS Chapter 8.1 Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products (ASTM Practice D4057)MPM
44、S Chapter 8.2 Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products (ASTM Practice D4177)MPMS Chapter 10.1 Test Method for Sediment in CrudeOils and Fuel Oils by the Extraction Method (ASTM TestMethod D473)MPMS Chapter 10.4 Determination of Water and/or Sedi-ment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Metho
45、d (FieldProcedure)MPMS Chapter 10.5 Test Method for Water in PetroleumProducts and Bituminous Materials by Distillation(ASTM Test Method D95)MPMS Chapter 10.6 Test Method for Water and Sediment inFuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Proce-dure) (ASTM Test Method D1796)MPMS Chapter 10.9 Tes
46、t Method for Water in Crude Oils byCoulometric Karl Fischer Titration (ASTM Test MethodD4928)3. Summary of Test Method3.1 The sample is heated under reflux conditions with awater immiscible solvent which co-distills with the water in the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D
47、02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and the API Committee onPetroleum Measurement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02/COMQ the joint ASTM-API Committee on Hydrocarbon Measurement forCustody Transfer (Joint ASTM-API). This test method has been approved by thespon
48、soring committees and accepted by the Cooperating Societies in accordancewith established procedures.Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally approvedin 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4006 11 (2012)1. DOI:10.1520/D4006-16E01.2For referenced ASTM standa
49、rds, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1sample. Condensed solvent and water are continuously sepa-rated in a trapthe water settles in the graduated section of thetrap, and the solvent returns to the distillation flask.4. Signific
