1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 3Tank Gauging Section 1BStandard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tanks by Automatic Tank Gauging SECOND EDITION, JUNE 2001 REAFFIRMED, AUGUST 2011Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 3Tank Gauging Sect
2、ion 1BStandard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tanks by Automatic Tank Gauging Measurement Coordination SECOND EDITION, JUNE 2001 REAFFIRMED, AUGUST 2011 SPECIAL NOTESAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to partic- ular c
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16、, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.iii CONTENTSPage3.1B.1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3.1B.2 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3.1B.3 DEFINITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3.1B.4 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3.1B.4.1 Safe
18、ty Precautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3.1B.4.2 General Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3.1B.4.3 Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.1B.4.4 Use of ATGs For Custody Transfer or Inventory Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.1B.4.5 Installation of ATGs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.1B.4.6 Remote Readout . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.1B.5 GENERAL PROCEDURES FOR INITIAL SETTING AND INITIAL VERIFICATION OF ATGs IN THE FIELD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.1B.5.1 Initial Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.1B.5.2 Reference Manual Level Measurement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.1B.5.3 Reference Measurement Tape and Weight Certication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.1B.5.4 Effect of Weather . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.1B.5.5 ATG TechnologySpecic Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.1B.5.6 ApplicationSpecic Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.1B.6 INITIAL SETTING OF ATG
23、s IN THE FIELD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.1B.6.1 Ullage-Based ATGs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.1B.6.2 Innage-Based ATGs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、10 3.1B.7 INITIAL VERIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.1B.7.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.1B.7.2 Verication Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3.1B.7.3 Initial Verication Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3.1B.8 RECORD KEEPING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.1B.9 SUB
26、SEQUENT VERIFICATION OF ATGs FOR CUSTODY TRANSFER OR INVENTORY CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.1B.9.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.1B.9.2 Frequency of
27、Subsequent Verication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.1B.9.3 Procedure for Subsequent Verication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 3.1B.9.4 Tolerance for Subsequent Verication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 3.1B.
28、10 DATA COMMUNICATION AND RECEIVING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13v PageAPPENDIX A SAFETY PRECAUTIONS: PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND FIRE CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 APPENDIX B ACCURACY REQUIREMENTS FOR ATGs . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . 17 Figures 1 Example of an ATG (Contact or Non-contact) Mounted on a Still Pipe Supported by Tank Bottom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 Example of an ATG (Contact or Non-contact) Supported by a Bracket Hinged to the Lower Tank
30、 Shell Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3 Example Installation of Top-Mounted ATGs on Fixed Roof Tanks Without Still Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4 Example Installation of Top
31、-Mounted Innage-ATG on Fixed Roof or Floating Roof Tanks Without Still Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8vi 1Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 3Tank Gauging Section 1BStandard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Stationary
32、Tanks by Automatic Tank Gauging3.1B.1 ScopeThis standard covers level measurement of liquid hydro- carbons in stationary, aboveground, atmospheric storage tanks using automatic tank gauges (ATGs). The standard dis- cusses automatic tank gauging in general, accuracy, installa- tion, commissioning, ca
33、libration and verication of ATGs that measure either innage or ullage. It covers both intrusive and non-intrusive ATGs used for either custody transfer or inventory control. The standard also covers the requirements for data collection, transmission and receiving. This standard does not cover the fo
34、llowing: a. Hydrocarbons having a Reid vapor pressure above 15 pounds per square inch absolute (100 kPa). b. Measurement of weight or mass with ATG equipment. This is covered in Chapter 3.6 and Chapter 16.2 of the Man- ual of Petroleum Measurement Standards. c. Measurement of level in underground ta
35、nks or in pressur- ized tanks storing liquid hydrocarbons. d. Conversion of tank level to liquid volume. This is covered in Chapter 12.1 of the Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards. e. Measurement of temperature, sampling, density and sedi- ment and water (S & W), which are discussed in Chapter
36、s 7 10 of the Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards. Safety and material compatibility precautions should be taken when using ATG equipment. Manufacturers recom- mendations on the use and installation of the equipment should be followed. Users should comply with all applicable codes and regulati
37、ons, API Standards and NFPA 70 National Electric Code.3.1B.2 Referenced PublicationsAPIManual of Petroleum Measurement Standards(MPMS) Chapter 1 V ocabulary Chapter 2 Tank Calibration Chapter 3.1A Standard Practice for Manual Gauging of Petroleum and Petroleum Products in Stationary Tanks Chapter 3.
38、6 Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Hybrid Tank Measurement Systems Chapter 7 Temperature Determination Chapter 8.1 Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products Chapter 8.2 Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products Chapter 9.1 Hydrometer Test Method for Density, Relative Dens
39、ity (Specic Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products Chapter 12.1 Calculation of Static Petroleum Quanti- ties, Part 1, Upright Cylindrical Tanks and Marine Vessels Chapter 16.2 Mass Measurement of Liquid Hydro- carbons in Vertical Cylindrical Storage Tanks by Hydros
40、tatic Tank Gauging Chapter 19.2 Evaporative Loss on Floating roof tanks RP 500Recommended Practice for Classication of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petro- leum FacilitiesRP 2003Protection Against Ignition Arising Out of State, Lightning and Stray CurrentsInternational Organization for S
41、tandardization ISO 4266Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod- uctsMeasurement of Temperature and Level in Storage Tanks by Automatic Meth- ods. Part 1: Measurement of Level in Atmospheric Tanks3.1B.3 DenitionsRefer to MPMS, Chapter 1, Vocabulary, which lists all of the terms and denitions relating to
42、measurement used in API standards on petroleum products and lubricants. 2 API MANUALOFPETROLEUMMEASUREMENTSTANDARDS, CHAPTER3TANKGAUGING3.1B.4 GeneralThis section applies to all types of ATGs. This standard presents both Metric (SI) units and US Cus- tomary units and may be implemented in either sys
43、tem of units. The presentation of both units are for convenience of the user and are not necessarily exact conversions. The units of implementation are typically determined by contract, regu- latory requirement, the manufacturer or the users calibration program. Once a system of units is chosen for
44、a given appli- cation, it is not the intent of this standard to allow arbitrarily changing units within this standard. Safety precautions are listed separately from general pre- cautions that affect accuracy or performance.Note: The following precautions are given in addition to any existing federal
45、, state, or local regulations (for example, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration) that govern practices described in this standard. Users of this standard should be familiar with all appli- cable safety and health regulations.3.1B.4.1 SAFETY PRECAUTIONSThese safety precautions represent
46、 good practice. This list is not necessarily complete or comprehensive. Refer also to the safety precautions described in API Recommended Prac- tice 2003.3.1B.4.1.1 Tank EntryBefore a tank that once contained hydrocarbon liquids, vapors or toxic material is entered, all lines to the tank shall be di
47、sconnected or blinded and a gas-free certicate shall be obtained.3.1B.4.1.2 Hazardous AreasAll regulations covering entry into hazardous areas shall be observed. Electric equipment for use in electrically classied areas shall meet the area classication. Refer to the following API Recommended Practic
48、es (RPs): a. RP 500. b. RP 2003.3.1B.4.1.3 MaintenanceAll ATG equipment shall be maintained in safe operating condition and manufacturers instructions shall be complied with.3.1B.4.1.4 EnvironmentAll ATGs shall be capable of withstanding the pressure, temperature and other environmental conditions l
49、ikely to be encountered in service.3.1B.4.1.5 SealingAll ATGs shall be sealed to withstand the vapor pressure of liquid in the tank.3.1B.4.1.6 Manual GaugingManual tank gauging can be associated with exposure to immediately dangerous chemicals. When an ATG is checked or calibrated by manual gauging, the manual gauging should be done in accordance with MPMS Chapter 3.1A.3.1B.4.1.7 Speed of ResponseATGs should have sufcient dynamic response to track the liquid level during maximum rates of tank lling or emptying.3.1B.4.2 GENERAL PR
