1、Designation: D6158 16D6158 18Standard Specification forMineral Hydraulic Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenth
2、eses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers mineral and synthetic oils of the types API groups I, II, III, and IV used in hydraulic systems,where the performance require
3、ments demand fluids with one of the following characteristics:1.1.1 A refined base oil or synthetic base stock (Class HH),1.1.2 A refined mineral base oil or synthetic base stock with rust and oxidation inhibitors (Class HL),1.1.3 A refined mineral base oil or synthetic base stock with rust and oxid
4、ation inhibitors plus anti-wear characteristics (ClassHM),1.1.4 A refined mineral base oil or synthetic base stock with rust and oxidation inhibitors, anti-wear characteristics, andincreased viscosity index higher than 140 (Class HV),1.1.5 Arefined mineral base oil or synthetic base stock with rust
5、and oxidation inhibitors plus anti-wear characteristics meetinga higher performance level than an HM fluid to address higher demanding hydraulic systems (Class HMHP), and1.1.6 A refined mineral base oil with rust or synthetic base stock and oxidation inhibitors, anti-wear characteristics, andincreas
6、ed viscosity index higher than 140 meeting a higher performance level than an HV fluid to address higher demandinghydraulic systems (Class HVHP).1.2 This specification defines the requirements of mineral oil-based or synthetic-based hydraulic fluids that are compatible withmost existing machinery co
7、mponents when there is adequate maintenance.1.3 This specification defines only new lubricating oils before they are installed in the hydraulic system.1.4 This specification defines specific types of hydraulic oils. It does not include all hydraulic oils. Some oils that are notincluded may be satisf
8、actory for certain hydraulic applications. Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit or require awider or narrower range of characteristics than those described herein.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standar
9、d.1.5.1 ExceptionIn X1.3.9 on Wear Protection, the values of pump pressure are in MPa, and the psi follows in brackets as areference point immediately recognized by a large part of the industry.1.6 The following safety hazard caveat pertains to the test methods referenced in this specification. This
10、 standard does notpurport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitationlimitations
11、prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical B
12、arriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD445 Test Met
13、hod for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.N0D02.N0.10 on Hydraulic Flu
14、idsSpecifications.Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2016Oct. 1, 2018. Published February 2016October 2018. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20142016as D6158 14.D6158 16. DOI: 10.1520/D6158-16.10.1520/D6158-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.as
15、tm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what c
16、hanges have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the of
17、ficial document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Produc
18、ts by Potentiometric TitrationD665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of WaterD892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating OilsD943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral OilsD974 Test Method for Acid and Ba
19、se Number by Color-Indicator TitrationD1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products byHydrometer MethodD1401 Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic FluidsD2070 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydrauli
20、c OilsD2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 C and 100 CD2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Viscosity SystemD2619 Test Method for Hydrolytic Stability of Hydraulic Fluids (Beverage Bottle Method)D2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity
21、 of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants usinga Rotational ViscometerD3427 Test Method for Air Release Properties of Hydrocarbon Based OilsD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4310 Test Method for Determinatio
22、n of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral OilsD5182 Test Method for Evaluating the Scuffing Load Capacity of Oils (FZG Visual Method)D5950 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Tilt Method)D6080 Practice for Defining the Viscosity Characteristics of Hydraulic
23、FluidsD6973 Test Method for IndicatingWear Characteristics of Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in a High Pressure ConstantVolumeVanePumpD7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of KinematicViscosity)D7043 Test Method for IndicatingWear Cha
24、racteristics of Non-Petroleum and Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in a ConstantVolumeVane PumpD7752 Practice for Evaluating Compatibility of Mixtures of Hydraulic Fluids2.2 Other Standards:ISO 13357-1 Petroleum ProductsDetermination of the Filterability of Lubricating OilsPart 1: Procedure for Oils in th
25、ePresence of Water3ISO 13357-2 Petroleum ProductsDetermination of the Filterability of Lubricating oilsPart 2: Procedure for Dry Oils3DIN 51350-6 Testing of Shear Stability of Lubricating Oils Containing Polymers4CEC L-45-A-99 Viscosity Shear Stability of Transmission Lubricants (KRL Taper Roller Be
26、aring Rig)53. Classification3.1 Type HH Hydraulic OilsNon-inhibited refined mineral oils or synthetic base stock for hydraulic systems that do not havespecific requirements of oxidation stability, rust protection, or anti-wear properties. Type HH oils are usually intended for total losssystems or ve
27、ry light-duty equipment.3.2 Type HL Hydraulic OilsRefined mineral oils or synthetic base stock with improved rust protection and oxidation stabilityfor hydraulic systems where relatively high temperatures and long periods of operation time are expected, and where there is thepossibility of water or
28、humidity that could rust metal parts of the machinery. These oils are intended for use in systems where nometal-to-metal contact is expected between the moving parts. Usually, systems working at low pressures specify HL oils. Somehigh-pressure piston pumps can operate satisfactorily on these oils.3.
29、3 Type HM Hydraulic OilsOils of HLtype with improved anti-wear properties, for general hydraulic systems, especially forthose working at high pressures and where the possibility of metal-to-metal contact between the moving parts exists. Type HM oilsare usually specified for hydraulic systems with va
30、ne pumps, or when the system is intended to work at maximum pump capacityfor long periods of time.3.4 Type HV Hydraulic OilsOils of HM type with improved viscosity/temperature properties, for general hydraulic systemswhere equipment is intended to operate over a wide range of ambient temperatures.3.
31、5 Type HMHP Hydraulic OilsOils of HM meeting a higher performance level to meet the changing needs of hydraulicsystems, especially for those working at high pressures and temperatures intended to work at maximum pump capacity for longperiods of time.3 Available from American National Standards Insti
32、tute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4 Available from Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V.(DIN), Am DIN-Platz, Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787 Berlin, Germany, http:/www.din.de.5 Available from Coordinating European Council (CEC), Services provided by Kellen Europe
33、,Avenue Jules Bordet 142 - 1140, Brussels, Belgium, http:/www.cectests.org.D6158 1823.6 Type HVHP Hydraulic OilsOils of HMHP type with improved viscosity/temperature properties, for more demandinghydraulic systems where equipment is intended to operate over a wide range of ambient temperatures.4. Cl
34、assification Requirements4.1 Type HHThe requirements for this type of oil are presented in Table 1 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VG from 10 to150, in accordance with Classification D2422.4.2 Type HLThe requirements for this type of oil are presented in Table 2 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VG
35、from 10 to150, in accordance with Classification D2422.4.3 Type HMThe requirements for this type of oil are presented in Table 3 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VG from 10 to150, in accordance with Classification D2422.4.4 Type HVThe requirements for this type of oil are presented in Table 4 and in
36、clude Viscosity Grades ISO VG from 10 to150, in accordance with Classification D2422.4.5 Type HMHPThe requirements for this type of oil are presented in Table 5 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VG from 22to 150 in accordance with Classification D2422.4.6 Type HVHPThe requirements for this type of oi
37、l are presented in Table 6 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VG from 22to 150 in accordance with Classification D2422.5. Inspection5.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.6. Packaging and Package Marking6.1 The material shall be suitably packaged to
38、permit acceptance by the carrier and to afford adequate protection from normalhazards of handling and shipping. Packaging shall conform to applicable carrier rules and regulations.6.2 Packaging and labeling shall comply with state or federal regulations.6.3 Each container shall be plainly marked wit
39、h the manufacturers name and brand, production code or lot number, type ofmaterial, volume content, and any other information required by state or federal law.7. Keywords7.1 antiwear protection; guideline; hydraulic oils; mineral oils; rust and oxidation protection; synthetic base stocks; viscosityi
40、ndexD6158 183TABLE 1 Requirements for Type HH Mineral Oil or Synthetic Base Stock Hydraulic FluidsTest MethodPropertiesASTM(Other) Parameters LimitsPhysical:ISO-viscosity grade D2422 10 15 22 32 46 68 100 150Viscosity D445A kinematic viscosity at40 C, mm2/s9.011.0 13.516.5 19.824.2 28.835.2 41.450.6
41、 61.274.8 90.0110 135165Viscosity, #750 mPas D2983 temperature, C report report report report report report report reportViscosity index D2270 report report report report report report report reportSpecific gravity D1298A report report report report report report report reportSpecific gravity D1298B
42、 report report report report report report report reportAppearance Visual clear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightFlash point D92 temperature, C, min 125 145 165 175 185 195 205 215Pour point D97B temperature, C, max 15
43、12 9 6 6 6 6 6Pour point D97C temperature, C, max 15 12 9 6 6 6 6 6Chemical:Acid number D974/D664 KOH, mg/g, max 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05Performance:Elastomer compatibility D471 100 C 1 C 288 h 2 hNBR-1 Elastomerrelative volume change,percentreport report 0 to 15 0 to 12 0 to 12 0 to
44、10 0 to 10 0 to 10change in Shore Ahardness,ratingreport report 0 to 8 0 to 7 0 to 7 0 to 6 0 to 6 0 to 6A Test Method D7042 may be used with bias correction for formulated oils. D445 is the referee method.B Test Method D4052 can also be used.C Test Method D5950 can also be used.D6158184TABLE 2 Requ
45、irements for Type HL Mineral Oil or Synthetic Base Stock Hydraulic Fluids (Rust and Oxidation)Test MethodProperties ASTM (Other) Parameters LimitsPhysical:ISO-viscosity grade D2422 10 15 22 32 46 68 100 150Viscosity D445A kinematic viscosity at 40 C,mm2/s9.011.0 13.516.5 19.824.2 28.835.2 41.450.6 6
46、1.274.8 90.0110 135165Viscosity, #750 mPas D2983 temperature, C, max 33 23 15 8 2 4 10 16Viscosity index D2270 min 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90Specific gravity D1298A report report report report report report report reportSpecific gravity D1298B report report report report report report report reportAppe
47、arance visual,at 20 Cclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightFlash point D92 temperature, C, min 125 145 165 175 185 195 205 215Pour point D97B temperature, C, max 33 24 21 18 15 12 12 12Pour point D97C temperature, C, m
48、ax 33 24 21 18 15 12 12 12Chemical:Acid Number D974/D664 KOH, mg/g report report report report report report report reportPerformance:Rust prevention D665AC visual evaluation pass or fail pass pass pass pass pass pass pass passRust prevention D665AD visual evaluation pass or fail pass pass pass pass
49、 pass pass pass passD665BC visual evaluation pass or fail pass pass pass pass pass pass pass passD665BD visual evaluation pass or fail pass pass pass pass pass pass pass passCorrosion D130 copper corrosion, 3 h at 100 C,visual, max2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2Water separation D1401 time (mins) to 3 mL emulsion at54 C, max30 30 30 30 30 30 . .time (mins) to 3 mL emulsion at82 C, max. . . . . . 60 60Elastomer compatibility D471 100 C 1 C 288 h 2 hNBR-1 Elastomerrelative volume ch
