1、The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 2001 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 13 February 2001. Printed in the United States of America.Print: ISBN 0-7381-2504-0 SH9486
2、1PDF: ISBN 0-7381-2509-9 SS94861No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.IEEE Std 1240-2000 (R2012)IEEE Guide for the Evaluation of the Reliability of HVDC Converter StationsSponso
3、rSubstations Committeeof theIEEE Power Engineering SocietyReaffirmed 29 March 2012Approved 8 August 2000IEEE-SA Standards BoardAbstract: This guide is intended to serve high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter stationreliability by suggesting significant objectives, design, operation, monitoring
4、, and specificationdetails. This guide includes the CIGR performance protocol and reliability-related mathematicalconcepts.Keywords: availability, converter, HVDC, maintainability, transmission, RAM, reliabilityNotice and Disclaimer of Liability Concerning the Use of IEEE Documents: IEEE Standards d
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22、ewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Copyright 2001 IEEE. All rights reserved. iiiIntroduction(This introduction is not part of IEEE
23、1240-2000, IEEE Guide for the Evaluation of the Reliability of HVDC ConverterStations.)Along with the widely recognized maturity and general acceptance of high-voltage direct current (HVDC)transmission, interest in related reliability concepts is growing. Quantitative reliability requirements andgua
24、rantees are found in many HVDC converter specifications and contracts.This guide covers various aspects of HVDC converter station reliability, put together by a diverse group ofexperts. The bibliography includes a summary of North American HVDC converter station reliabilityspecifications. The CIGR “
25、Protocol for Reporting the Operational Performance of HVDC TransmissionSystems” is included as a set of informative annexes to this guide, reprinted with the permission of CIGRStudy Committee 14. A note on the foundations for RAM (Reliability, Availability and Maintainability)calculations is also ca
26、ptured in an annex, and explains some of the underlying mathematical concepts.The principles and methods presented in this guide apply, at least in part, to other FACTS stations as well.Thisguide was prepared by Working Group I7, Reliability of HVDC Converter Stations, in the High VoltagePower Elect
27、ronics Stations Subcommittee for the IEEE-PES Substations Committee. At the time this guidewas completed, the Working Group for Reliability of HVDC Converter Stations had the followingmembership:F. John Hormozi, ChairGerhard Juette, Vice-ChairOther individuals who have contributed review and comment
28、s follow:The following members of the balloting committee voted on this guide:Jacques AllaireMichael BakerHubert BilodeauJack ChristofersenBen DamskyJohn JoyceCharles HeisingWilliam LiverantDuane TorgersonIvars VancersGene WolfPaul AlbrechtVic BurtnykDon ChristieClaude DurandWilliam KramerSastry Kur
29、ugantyPat McDowellKarl MortensenMarius TaubeHanna E. AbdallahWilliam J. AckermanMichael J. BioDennis L. CarrSimon R. ChanoFrank A. DenbrockW. Bruce DietzmanGary R. EngmannDavid L. HarrisFarshad HormoziRobert JeanjeanGeorge G. KaradyKamran KhanHermann KochH. Peter LipsA.P. Sakis MeliopoulosAbdul M. M
30、ousaCarlos O. PeixotoPercy E. PoolDavid ShaferShigeru TanabeEdgar R. Taylor, Jr.Duane R. Torgersoniv Copyright 2001 IEEE.All rights reserved.When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 8 August 2000, it had the followingmembership:Donald N. Heirman, ChairJames T. Carlo, Vice ChairJudi
31、th Gorman, Secretary*Member EmeritusAlso included is the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison:Alan Cookson, NIST RepresentativeDonald R. Volzka, TAB RepresentativeGreg KohnIEEE Standards Project EditorSatish K. AggarwalMark D. BowmanGary R. EngmannHarold E. EpsteinH. Landis FloydJay F
32、orster*Howard M. FrazierRuben D. GarzonJames H. GurneyRichard J. HollemanLowell G. JohnsonRobert J. KennellyJoseph L. Koepfinger*Peter H. LipsL. Bruce McClungDaleep C. MohlaJames W. MooreRobert F. MunznerRonald C. PetersenGerald H. PetersonJohn B. PoseyGary S. RobinsonAkio TojoDonald W. ZipseCopyrig
33、ht 2001 IEEE. All rights reserved. vContents1. Overview 11.1 Scope 11.2 Purpose. 12. References 13. Definitions . 24. RAM objectives. 44.1 The role of human reliability . 44.2 Energy availability. 54.3 Putting together a total RAM package. 54.4 The ultimate RAM goal. 65. Design and documentation. 65
34、.1 General design principles. 65.2 More detailed design principles. 75.3 Software design principles. 85.4 Operation and maintenance manuals. 95.5 RAM records 106. Operation . 106.1 Training 106.2 Maintenance programs affecting reliability. 116.3 Spare parts 127. RAM performance monitoring 157.1 Moni
35、toring and evaluation periods 157.2 Monitoring procedures. 157.3 Evaluation procedures 168. Considerations for RAM specifications. 178.1 HVDC converter stations located at remote generating stations.178.2 Back-to-back HVDC converter stations 188.3 Parameters to consider for energy availability and r
36、eliability. 188.4 Contract administration for energy availability and reliability 21Annex A (informative) Bibliography . 23Annex B (informative) CIGR s “Protocol for Reporting the Operational Performance of HVDCTransmission Systems” . 24Annex C (informative) CIGRs “Protocol for Reporting the Operati
37、onal Performance of HVDCTransmission Systems”An example of an outage log. 40Annex D (informative) Fault classification code47Annex E (informative) CIGRs “Protocol for Reporting the Operational Performance of HVDCTransmission Systems”Tables 48Annex F (informative) Foundations for RAM calculations . 5
38、7Copyright 2001 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1IEEE Guide for the Evaluationof the Reliability ofHVDC Converter Stations1. Overview1.1 ScopeThis document promotes the concepts of reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) as applicable tothe design, operation, and specification of high-voltag
39、e direct current (HVDC) converter stations.1.2 PurposeThe purpose of this guide is to help improve the reliability of HVDC converter stations through prudentapplication of RAM concepts to all phases of HVDC projects.More specifically, this guide intends to provide help in the following areas:a) Impr
40、oving HVDC RAM for converter stations already in service.b) Calculating and comparing RAM of different converter station designs.c) Calculating and reducing RAM costs of HVDC converter stations.d) Reducing spare parts requirements of HVDC converter stations.e) Improving HVDC converter specifications
41、.Toward these ends, this guide introduces basic RAM theory and calculations; provides guidelines on design,operation, and performance monitoring; and offers considerations for RAM specifications of HVDCconverter stations.2. ReferencesThis guide shall be used in conjunction with the following publica
42、tions: When the following specificationsare superseded by an approved revision, the revision shall apply.IEEEStd 1240-2000 IEEE GUIDE FOR THE EVALUATON OF2 Copyright 2001 IEEE.All rights reserved.CIGR Study Committee 14DC Links, #14-97 (WG 04-21), Protocol for Reporting the OperationalPerformance of
43、 HVDC Transmission Systems.1IEC 60633 (1998:12), Terminology for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission.2IEEE Std 352-1987 (Reaff 1999), IEEE Guide for General Principles of Reliability Analysis of NuclearPower Generating Station Safety Systems.3IEEE Std 493-1997, IEEE Recommended Practice
44、for the Design of Reliable Industrial and CommercialPower Systems (IEEE Gold Book).IEEE Std 730-1989 (Reaff 1999), IEEE Standard for Software Quality Assurance Plans.IEEE Std 762-1987 (Reaff 1992), IEEE Standard Definitions for Use in Reporting Electric Generating UnitReliability, Availability, and
45、Productivity.IEEE Std 829-1998, IEEE Standard for Software Test Documentation.IEEE Std 859-1987 (Reaff 1993), IEEE Standard Terms for Reporting and Analyzing Outage Occurrencesand Outage States of Electrical Transmission Facilities.IEEE Std 982.1-1988, IEEE Standard Dictionary of Measures to Produce
46、 Reliable Software.IEEE Std 982.2-1988, IEEE Guide for the Use of IEEE Standard Dictionary of Measures to ProduceReliable Software.IEEE Std 1008-1987 (Reaff 1993), IEEE Standard for Software Unit Testing.IEEE Std 1012-1998, IEEE Standard for Software Verification and Validation.IEEE Std 1028-1997, I
47、EEE Standard for Software Reviews.IEEE Std 1058.1-1987, IEEE Standard for Software Project Management.NOTEThe CIGR Working Group 14-04 reliability definitions and performance reporting system are considered apart of this guide and included in their entirety in Annex B, Annex C, Annex D, and Annex E.
48、3. DefinitionsFor this guide, the following terms and definitions apply. IEEE 100, The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEEStandards Terms B11 should be consulted for terms not defined in this clause. Where the use of anexpression in this guide differs from that implied in the dictionary or in other pub
49、lished references, theintended meaning is clear from the context.3.1 actual outage duration (AOD): The elapsed time between the beginning and the end of a power orenergy capacity reduction.1CIGR publications are available from CIGR, 21 rue dArtois, 75 008 Paris, France (http:/www.cigre.org).2IEC publications are available from the Sales Department of the International Electrotechnical Commission, Case Postale 131, 3, ruede Varemb, CH-1211, Genve 20, Switzerland/Suisse (http:/www.iec.ch/). IEC publications are also available in the United Statesfrom the Sales
