1、 IEEE Standard for the Design, Testing, and Application of Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers Using High-Temperature Insulation Systems and Operating at Elevated Temperatures Sponsored by the Transformers Committee IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA 30 Octob
2、er 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society IEEE Std C57.154-2012 IEEE Std C57.154-2012 IEEE Standard for the Design, Testing, and Application of Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers Using High-Temperature Insulation Systems and Operating at Elevated Temperatures Sponsor Transf
3、ormers Committee of the IEEE Power and Energy Society Approved 30 August 2012 IEEE-SA Standards Board Abstract: All liquid-immersed distribution, power, and regulating transformers that are designed to operate at temperatures that exceed the normal thermal limits of IEEE C57.12.00TMunder continuous
4、load, in the designed average ambient, and at rated conditions are covered by this standard. Specific requirements and guidance in the design, testing, and application of the transformers covered within the scope of this standard are provided. High-temperature insulation systems or systems that use
5、a combination of high-temperature and conventional insulation are incorporated by these transformers. Keywords: conventional, full hybrid, high-temperature, hybrid, IEEE C57.154, insulation system, mixed hybrid The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 1
6、0016-5997, USA Copyright 2012 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 30 October 2012. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual
7、standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. iv Notice to users Laws and regulations Users of IEEE Standards documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions o
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13、tact the IEEE at the address listed previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standards development process, visit IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.org/index.html. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following
14、URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. v Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by paten
15、t rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken by the IEEE with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. If a patent holder or patent applicant has filed a statement of assurance via an Accepted Letter of Assurance, then the statement is lis
16、ted on the IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.org/about/sasb/patcom/patents.html. Letters of Assurance may indicate whether the Submitter is willing or unwilling to grant licenses under patent rights without compensation or under reasonable rates, with reasonable terms and conditions that are d
17、emonstrably free of any unfair discrimination to applicants desiring to obtain such licenses. Essential Patent Claims may exist for which a Letter of Assurance has not been received. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducti
18、ng inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Patents Claims, or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly
19、 advised that determination of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. vi Participants At the time this IEE
20、E standard was completed, the High-Temperature Liquid-Filled Transformers Working Group had the following membership: Richard P. Marek, Chair Waldemar Ziomek, Vice Chair Roberto Asano Claude Beauchemin Michael Botti Juan Castellanos Donald Cherry C. Clair Claiborne Jerry Corkran Terry Drees Don Duck
21、ett Bruce Forsyth Michael Franchek George Frimpong William Henning Gary Hoffman Marion Jaroszewski Aleksandr Levin John Luksich Charles Patrick McShane Martin Navarro Hasse Nordman Donald Platts George Reitter Randolph Rensi Mahesh Sampat Dinesh Sankarakurup Mathieu Sauzay Steven Schappell Michael S
22、hannon H. Jin Sim Craig Stiegemeier Radoslaw Szewczyk Eduardo Tolcachir Kiran Vedante Roger Wicks Joe Williams David Woodcock The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. Satish Aggarwal Carlo A
23、rpino Roberto Asano Martin Baur Barry Beaster Steven Bezner Wallace Binder Thomas Bishop Thomas Blackburn William Bloethe W Boettger Michael Botti Chris Brooks Thomas Callsen Paul Cardinal Juan Castellanos Donald Cherry C. Clair Claiborne John Crouse Willaim Darovny Frank Decesaro Dieter Dohnal Gary
24、 Donner Randall Dotson Terry Drees Charles Drexler Don Duckett Gary Engmann James Fairris Joseph Foldi Bruce Forsyth Marcel Fortin Fredric Friend George Frimpong David Gilmer James Graham William Griesacker Randall Groves Bal Gupta John Harley David Harris Timothy Hayden Roger Hayes William Henning
25、Gary Heuston Gary Hoffman Thomas Holifield Joseph Jancauskas John John Wayne Johnson Laszlo Kadar C Kalra Gael Kennedy Sheldon Kennedy Yuri Khersonsky Joseph L. Koepfinger Neil Kranich Jim Kulchisky Saumen Kundu John Lackey Chung-Yiu Lam Thomas La Rose Aleksandr Levin John Luksich Thomas Lundquist G
26、reg Luri Richard Marek J.Dennis Marlow William McBride Nigel Mcquin Charles McShane Daniel Mulkey Jerry Murphy Ryan Musgrove K R M Nair Arthur Neubauer Michael S. Newman Raymond Nicholas Hasse Nordman Lorraine Padden Bansi Patel Wesley Patterson J Patton Brian Penny Donald Platts Alvaro Portillo Lew
27、is Powell Gustav Preininger Moises Ramos Jean-Christophe Riboud Michael Roberts John Rossetti Marnie Roussell Thomas Rozek Mahesh Sampat Dinesh Sankarakurup Daniel Sauer Bartien Sayogo Stephen Schroeder Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. vii Devki Sharma Gil Shultz Hyeong Sim David Singleton
28、James Smith Jeremy Smith Jerry Smith David Stankes Gary Stoedter John Sullivan James Thompson Robert Thompson Eduardo Tolcachir Alan Traut John Vergis Loren Wagenaar David Wallach Barry Ward Joe Watson Kenneth White Roger Wicks Matthew Wilkowski James Wilson Jian Yu Waldemar Ziomek When the IEEE-SA
29、Standards Board approved this standard on 30 August 2012, it had the following membership: Richard H. Hulett, Chair John Kulick, Vice Chair Robert M. Grow, Past Chair Konstantinos Karachalios, Secretary Satish Aggarwal Masayuki Ariyoshi Peter Balma William Bartley Ted Burse Clint Chaplin Wael Diab J
30、ean-Philippe Faure Alexander Gelman Paul Houz Jim Hughes Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Thomas Lee Hung Ling Oleg Logvinov Ted Olsen Gary Robinson Jon Walter Rosdahl Sam Sciacca Mike Seavey Yatin Trivedi Phil Winston Don Wright *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA S
31、tandards Board liaisons: Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Patrick Gibbons IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Erin Spiewak IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. viii Introducti
32、on This introduction is not part of IEEE Std C57.154-2012, IEEE Standard for the Design, Testing, and Application of Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers Using High-Temperature Insulation Systems and Operating at Elevated Temperatures. The purpose of this document is to s
33、tandardize the development of liquid-immersed transformers that use high-temperature insulation and operate at elevated temperatures. The solid insulation may encompass a broad range of materials with varying degrees of thermal capability. Key properties of insulating and cooling liquids also may va
34、ry substantially from mineral-oil insulating liquid. This document is not intended to stand alone, but rather builds on the information and guidelines documented in the other parts of the IEEE C57 series. Accordingly, this document follows two guiding principles. The first principle is that liquid-i
35、mmersed transformers are well known and are well defined in other parts of this series; therefore, the details of these transformers are not repeated in this document, except where such reference has value or where repetition is considered appropriate for purposes of emphasis or comparison. The seco
36、nd principle is that the usual liquid-immersed transformer, insulated with thermally upgraded kraft paper, pressboard, wood, mineral oil, and many other commonly used materials, operating at established temperature limits, is well known. Conversely, other solid and liquid insulations that have a hig
37、her thermal capability than the materials used in this well-known system are considered “high-temperature.” The document addresses loading, overloading, testing, and accessories in the same manner. Only selected information for the “conventional” transformers is included in this document for compari
38、son purposes or for emphasis. All other references are directed to the appropriate standard document. Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. ix Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 2 2. Normative references 2 3. Definitions 3 4. Insulation systems 4 4.1 General 4 4.2 Winding insulatio
39、n types . 4 5. Temperature limits 9 6. Transformer accessories 10 6.1 General .10 6.2 Leads and cables .10 6.3 Bushings .11 6.4 Gasket material .11 6.5 Tap-changer 11 6.6 Liquid temperature indicator 12 6.7 Winding temperature indicator .12 6.8 Bushing-type current transformer .12 6.9 Liquid preserv
40、ation system .12 7. Special design considerations 12 7.1 Short-circuit considerations 12 7.2 Dielectric requirements .13 7.3 Temperature requirements 13 7.4 Overload .15 8. Required information .16 8.1 Information to be provided by the purchaser 16 8.2 Information to be provided by the manufacturer
41、16 9. Nameplate and additional information 17 9.1 Nameplate .17 9.2 Transformer manual .17 10. Test 17 10.1 Requirements for routine, design, and other tests .17 10.2 Temperature-rise test 18 Annex A (informative) Insulation materials .21 Annex B (informative) Ester liquid and cellulose paper 25 Ann
42、ex C (informative) Supervision, diagnostics, and maintenance .34 Annex D (informative) Bibliography .35 Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1 IEEE Standard for the Design, Testing, and Application of Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers Using High-Temperature Insula
43、tion Systems and Operating at Elevated Temperatures IMPORTANT NOTICE: IEEE Standards documents are not intended to ensure safety, health, or environmental protection, or ensure against interference with or from other devices or networks. Implementers of IEEE Standards documents are responsible for d
44、etermining and complying with all appropriate safety, security, environmental, health, and interference protection practices and all applicable laws and regulations. This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear
45、in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. 1. Overview 1.1 Scope This s
46、tandard applies to all liquid-immersed distribution, power, and regulating transformers that are designed to operate at temperatures that exceed the normal thermal limits of IEEE Std C57.12.00TM 1under continuous load, in the designed average ambient, and at rated conditions. 1Information on referen
47、ces can be found in Clause 2. IEEE Std C57.154-2012 IEEE Standard for the Design, Testing, and Application of Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers Using High-Temperature Insulation Systems and Operating at Elevated Temperatures Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. 2
48、1.2 Purpose This standard provides specific requirements and guidance in the design, testing, and application of the transformers covered within its scope. These transformers incorporate high-temperature insulation systems or systems that use a combination of high-temperature and conventional insula
49、tion. 2. Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must be understood and used, so each referenced document is cited in text and its relationship to this document is explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. IEEE Std 1538TM, IEEE Guide for Determination of Maximum Winding Temperature Rise in Liquid-Filled Transformers. IEEE Std C57.12.00, IE
