1、IEEE Guide on Transformers for Application in Distributed Photovoltaic (DPV) Power Generation SystemsIEEE Std C57.159-2016IEEE Power and Energy SocietySponsored by the Transformers CommitteeIEEE3 Park AvenueNew York, NY 10016-5997USAIEEE Std C57.159-2016IEEE Guide on Transformers for Application in
2、Distributed Photovoltaic (DPV) Power Generation SystemsSponsor Transformers Committee of the IEEE Power and Energy SocietyApproved 15 May 2016IEEE-SA Standards BoardAbstract: General and specifi c recommendations on specifi cation, design, and application of liq-uid-immersed and dry-type transformer
3、s in distributed photovoltaic (DPV) power generation sys-tems for commercial, industrial, and utility systems are provided in this guide.Keywords: distributed power generation, electrostatic shield, harmonics, IEEE C57.159, impedance, inverter, photovoltaic, PV, transformer, winding connection diagr
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33、isk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association.6Copyright 2016 IEEE. All rights reserved.ParticipantsAt the time this guide was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the C57.159 Workin
34、g Group had the following membership:Hemchandra Shertukde, ChairMathieu Sauzay, Vice ChairAleksandr Levin, SecretaryDonald AyersEnrigue BetancourtMichael CravenNorman FieldCarlos GaytanAli GhafourianKenneth HardenPhilip HopkinsonBrad JensenCharles JohnsonChristoph JordaanSheldon KennedyJitendra Mamt
35、oraAbhinav MitraAmitav MukerjiAniruddha NarawaneMartin NavarroStephen OaksBranimir PetosicJarrod PrinceAmitabh SarkarSubhas SarkarJeffrey SchneiderSanjib SomCraig StiegemeierTroy TanakaVijay TendulkarKiran VedanteSukdhev WaliaJennifer YuPeter ZhaoThe following members of the individual balloting com
36、mittee voted on this guide. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention.William AckermanSamuel AguirreDonald AyersRobert BallardThomas BarnesWallace BinderThomas BlackburnThomas BlairW. BoettgerPaul BomanThomas CallsenPaul CardinalArvind ChaudharyCraig ColopyNancy ConnellySteph
37、en ConradMamadou DiongDieter DohnalGary DonnerCliff ErvenJorge Fernandez DaherFredric FriendDarrell FurlongCarlos GaytanFrank GerleveAli GhafourianDavid GilmerJames GrahamRandall GrovesAjit GwalJ. HarlowRoger HayesPhilip HopkinsonRuben Inzunza FigueroaBrad JensenCharles JohnsonLaszlo KadarSheldon Ke
38、nnedyYuri KhersonskyAxel KraemerJim KulchiskySaumen KunduJohn LackeyChung-Yiu LamAleksandr LevinRichard MarekBrian McMillanMark McnallyJohn MillerDaleep MohlaCharles MorganDaniel MulkeyJerry MurphyRyan MusgroveAli Naderian JahromiK. R. M. NairMartin NavarroKris K NeildMichael NewmanRaymond NicholasD
39、hiru PatelBranimir PetosicDonald PlattsAlvaro PortilloLeslie RecksiedlerJohn RoachMichael RobertsCharles RogersOleg RoizmanJoseph RostronThomas RozekDinesh SankarakurupSteven SanoDaniel SauerBartien SayogoDevki SharmaHemchandra ShertukdeMark SiiraHyeong SimJeremy SmithJerry SmithMark SmithGary Smull
40、inSteve SnyderSanjib SomWayne StecClayton SticeTroy Alan TanakaSusmitha TarlapallyEd TeNyenhuisDavid TepenAlan TrautJames Van De LigtKiran VedanteJohn VergisJane VernerSukhdev WaliaReigh WallingJoe WatsonKenneth WhiteJames WilsonWilliam WimmerJian Yu7Copyright 2016 IEEE. All rights reserved.When the
41、 IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this guide on 15 May 2016, it had the following membership:Jean-Philippe Faure, ChairTed Burse, Vice ChairJohn D. Kulick, Past ChairKonstantinos Karachalios, SecretaryChuck AdamsMasayuki AriyoshiStephen DukesJianbin FanJ. Travis Griffi thGary HoffmanRonald W. Hotchk
42、issMichael JanezicJoseph L. Koepfi nger*Hung LingKevin LuAnnette D. ReillyGary RobinsonMehmet UlemaYingli WenHoward WolfmanDon WrightYu YuanDaidi Zhong*Member Emeritus8Copyright 2016 IEEE. All rights reserved.IntroductionThis introduction is not part of IEEE Std C57.159-2016, IEEE Guide on Transform
43、ers for Application in Distributed Photovoltaic (DPV) Power Generation Systems.Transformers addressed in this guide are for the application in distributed photovoltaic (DPV) power gen-eration systems and generally belong to Class I transformers per IEEE Std C57.12.00 and Category I and II transforme
44、rs per IEEE Std C57.12.00 and IEEE Std C57.12.01. The guide focuses mainly on the inverter transformers of the DPV power generation systems that are connected to the inverters supplying ac voltage and current to the primary (LV) winding of the transformer.Presently known nominal voltage of these tra
45、nsformers is up to 36 kV and rated power is up to 4000 kVA. Transformers for DPV systems are gradually increasing in their numbers in the field due to the recent in-creased focus on renewable energy sources. These transformers are primarily used as step-up transformers but can be used as step-down t
46、ransformers as well. Transformers for DPV systems have a number of specific issues (requirements and constraints) that affect transformer design and application.This IEEE guide provides information to support specification, design, and application of these transformers by: Explaining concerns and di
47、fferences of DPV system application and providing specific operation and construction techniques to address these concerns and differences. Summarizing these considerations for the engineer specifying the transformer. Explaining specifics of transformers working with inverters in this application. P
48、roviding timely state-of-the-art guidance while critical technical details of these power systems are still evolving. Increasing awareness of the constraints of this application aiming at increasing reliability of DPV sys-tem transformers. Having a single document listing all issues related to the a
49、pplication and reference to the relevant ex-isting standards and guides. Avoiding pitfalls and failures as has happened in other new distributed power generation systems applications. The words “should” and “may” in this document refer to matters that are recommended or permissive but not mandatory.Describing and addressing the special needs of the DPV power generation systems, the guide will ensure that the transformers for these systems are effective and reliable and will fulfill a need of the solar energys grow-ing place in the renewable energy generation system
