1、 Reference number ISO 13183:2012(E) ISO 2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13183 First edition 2012-05-01 Intelligent transport systems Communications access for land mobiles (CALM) Using broadcast communications Systmes intelligents de transport Accs aux communications des services mobiles terrestres (
2、CALM) CALM utilisant les communications de diffusion gnrale ISO 13183:2012(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
3、 and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland
4、 ii ISO 2012 All rights reservedISO 13183:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction . v 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance . 1 2.1 General . 1 2.2 Public telecoms network conformance . 1 3 Normative references 2 4 Terms and definitions . 2 5 Symbols and abbreviated terms 3
5、6 Background 4 6.1 Proprietary and standardized connectivity protocols . 4 7 Requirements of the MMAE 5 7.1 General . 5 7.2 Adoption of broadcast standards and internationally adopted practices . 5 7.3 CALM architecture . 5 7.4 CALM networking protocols 6 7.5 CALM medium service access points . 6 7.
6、6 ITS station management . 6 7.7 CALM using public wireless networks 7 7.8 Interface medium management . 7 7.9 Establishment of a medium specific session by the MMAE . 7 8 Medium access control (MAC) . 13 8.1 CALM broadcast communications MMAE service primitives. 13 8.2 Identification of the broadca
7、st communication MMAE . 14 8.3 CALM session connection . 15 8.4 CALM session disconnection 16 8.5 Change of broadcast communications connection state . 16 8.6 Retrieval of the medium status 16 8.7 Broadcast communications specific connection aspects 17 8.8 Broadcast communications session disconnect
8、ion . 17 9 Test methods . 17 10 Declaration of patents and intellectual property 17 Bibliography 18 ISO 13183:2012(E) iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work
9、of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-government
10、al, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The mai
11、n task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Att
12、ention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13183 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems. ISO 13183:2012(
13、E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved vIntroduction This International Standard is part of a family of International Standards for CALM (“Communications Access for Land Mobiles“) which specify a common architecture, network protocols and communications interface definitions for wireless communications usi
14、ng different bearer technologies, e.g. 2 ndgeneration cellular, cellular 3 rdgeneration, 5 GHz microwave, 60 GHz millimetre-wave, mobile wireless broadband, infra-red communications, and satellite. These wireless communications interfaces are designed to provide parameters and protocols for broadcas
15、t, point-to-point, vehicle-vehicle, and vehicle-point communications in the ITS sector. This International Standard provides definitions and procedures for the establishment, maintenance and termination of an ITS communications session within a CALM system environment using received public network b
16、roadcast communications messages. Such broadcast communications can be delivered by a variety of media that could include satellite, digital audio broadcast (e.g. ISDB ss and DAB), digital video broadcast (e.g. DVB and ISDB) or any other public communications broadcast service. Some of the media dev
17、eloped explicitly for CALM include a fully defined broadcast capability, but this International Standard covers only those media that have not been developed specifically for CALM. Protocols for broadcasts that use new dedicated private ITS communications are fully defined in the standards developed
18、 for these new communications media. CALM standards are explicitly designed to enable quasi-continuous communications as well as communications of protracted duration between vehicles and service providers, and between vehicles. The fundamental advantage of the CALM concept over traditional systems
19、is the ability to support media- independent handover (MIH), also referred to as heterogeneous or vertical handover, between the various media supported by CALM (e.g., cellular, microwave, mobile wireless broadband, infra-red, DSRC, and satellite). Selection policies are supported that include user
20、preferences and media capabilities in making decisions as to which medium to use for a particular session, and when to hand over between media or between service providers on the same medium. These handover mechanisms are defined within the CALM architecture International Standard, ISO 21217, the CA
21、LM IPv6 networking protocols International Standard, ISO 21210, the CALM medium service access points International Standard, ISO 21218, and the CALM station management International Standard, ISO 24102. Handovers between access points using the same technology and service provider use mechanisms th
22、at are defined within the particular medium-specific CALM standard. Broadcast communications using public networks will typically be used where large numbers of users are running applications intended to receive the same information. Examples of broadcast information include incremental map-update i
23、nformation, ephemeral information on road conditions including traffic and weather conditions, and the current road use charge that is applied to specific sections of road. Furthermore, GNSS location information can be routed to relevant applications using this protocol. Broadcasting this informatio
24、n is very efficient spectrally, rather than sending the same information individually to thousands of vehicles via point-to-point communications: the transmission costs could be shared between all the users. The broadcast medium can also be used to carry paging messages. Strictly speaking, these are
25、 unicast, but take advantage of the wide geographical coverage of the broadcast system at the physical layer. There is no embedded means for the individual receivers to acknowledge correct receipt of broadcast transmissions in real time, and the intended recipient system could be powered down at the
26、 time of transmission. This International Standard identifies techniques that can be used to overcome these limitations. ISO 13183:2012(E) vi ISO 2012 All rights reservedThe time of transmission is determined by the information supplier and is not under the control of the recipient. Therefore it is
27、possible that the ITS station could be powered down at the time of the transmission, in which case the information will not be received. For example, it is conceivable that there might be overnight transmission of map updates. This International Standard defines a “sleep mode”, which would be approp
28、riate for a parked car which would normally require the ITS system to be powered down. However, the (very low power consumption) broadcast receiver and its associated “Medium Management Adaptation Entity” (MMAE) would remain powered to listen for, and store, relevant information transmissions. Any r
29、elevant information could be passed to the appropriate applications within the ITS station when the ITS station is next powered up. The following three possible methods have been identified to allow this operation: a) The MMAE provides storage for all information received over the logical ITS channe
30、l, whilst the ITS is in sleep mode, for subsequent transfer to the relevant application via intermediate CALM protocols. b) The MMAE uses selective storage of information received, following a filtering process. The filtering would be achieved by the application alerting the MMAE on the types of app
31、lication that are of interest. The application type information will be included within the information header. The MMAE reads the application type information in the header, and stores only the selected information. c) Filtering and buffering of information, whilst a wake-up message is sent to the
32、rest of the ITS station so that the information being received can be passed to the application for immediate processing. The application would instruct the ITS station to return to sleep mode, once all the information has been received and processed. The wake-up process in a) above is not currently
33、 supported by the relevant CALM standards, so this mode is not currently supported. The inclusion of this function in the MMAE is not mandated. However, each of these arrangements would greatly increase the probability that broadcast information will be received by a large proportion of the users. A
34、s noted above, the broadcast medium does not include a return path. However, reliable information transfer can be supported by using an alternative medium for the return channel. This can be a very sensible approach where there is significant asymmetry, with large amounts of information downloaded w
35、ith very simple acknowledgement messages to be returned. Bi-directional satellite communications in the CALM environment are specified in ISO 29282. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13183:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1Intelligent transport systems Communications access for land mobiles (CALM) Usin
36、g broadcast communications 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the architectural communications framework of intelligent transport systems (ITS) for the family of communications access for land mobiles (CALM) related International Standards. The architecture is described in an abstract way
37、 with several graphical views and examples. The graphical representations partly follow the ISO open systems interconnection (OSI) principles. In addition to the requirements specified within this International Standard, a number of notes and examples are provided to illustrate the CALM concept. Whe
38、rever practicable, this International Standard has been developed by reference to suitable extant International Standards, adopted by selection. The architecture provides for regional variations where regulations differ in different countries and regions. 2 Conformance 2.1 General Conformance declar
39、ations for the various parts of a CALM-compliant system shall be based on the appropriate CALM related International Standards as listed in Clause 3: ISO 21210, ISO 21217, ISO 21218, ISO 24102, ISO 25111, ISO 29281. 2.2 Public telecoms network conformance Broadcast communications media are defined i
40、n various standards set by a variety of standardization fora. This International Standard does not require conformance to any specific broadcast standard, but in order to claim compliance with this International Standard, a system shall declare with which broadcast standards it complies. The followi
41、ng are examples of systems that are already used, or can be used, for ITS solutions in certain regions: ITU-R BS.1194-2, Systems for multiplexing frequency modulation (FM) sound broadcasts with a sub-carrier data channel having a relatively large transmission capacity for stationary and mobile recep
42、tion ITU-R BO.1408-1, Transmission system for advanced multimedia services provided by integrated services digital broadcasting in a broadcasting-satellite channel ITU-R BO.1516 System D, Digital multiprogramme television systems for use by satellites operating in the 11/12 GHz frequency range ITU-R
43、 BT.1306-4 System C, Error correction, data framing modulation and emission methods for digital terrestrial television broadcasting ITU-R BT.1833, Multimedia System C, Broadcasting of multimedia and data applications for mobile reception by handheld receivers ISO 13183:2012(E) 2 ISO 2012 All rights
44、reserved ITU-R BT.1833, Multimedia System F, Broadcasting of multimedia and data applications for mobile reception by handheld receivers ITU-R BT.1833, Multimedia system M, Broadcasting of multimedia and data applications for mobile reception by handheld receivers ITU-R BS.1114-6, System F, Systems
45、for terrestrial digital sound broadcasting to vehicular, portable and fixed receivers in the frequency range 30-3,000 MHz 3 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undate
46、d references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 21210, Intelligent transport systems Communications access for land mobiles (CALM) IPv6 Networking ISO 21217, Intelligent transport systems Communications access for land mobiles (CALM) Architecture I
47、SO 21218, Intelligent transport systems Communications access for land mobiles (CALM) Medium service access points ISO 24102, Intelligent transport systems Communications access for land mobiles (CALM) Management ISO 25111, Intelligent transport systems Communications access for land mobiles (CALM)
48、General requirements for using public networks ISO 29281, Intelligent transport systems Communications access for land mobiles (CALM) Non-IP networking 4 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 21217 and the following apply. 4.1 broadcast some
49、form of digitally coded information being transmitted to a significant percentage of users within the intended area of coverage which could extend to a continent in the case of a satellite broadcast system 4.2 paging broadcast medium that can be used to carry unicast messages intended for a single recipient, typically in order to request the mobile ITS station to establish a call back to the ITS station that initiated the paging, using the most cost-effective routing NOTE 1 A specific ITS station could be
