1、 Reference number ISO 26866:2009(E) ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26866 First edition 2009-12-01 Road vehicles Brake lining friction materials Standard wear test procedure for commercial vehicles with air brakes Vhicules routiers Matriaux de friction pour garnitures de freins Mthode normale des
2、sai dusure pour vhicules industriels quips de systmes de freinage pneumatiques ISO 26866:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded
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5、relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
6、 photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published i
7、n Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rights reservedISO 26866:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Symbols2 5 Sampling.2 6 Test method .2 6.1 Principle2 6.2 Test equipment and parts.3 6.3 Test conditio
8、ns 3 6.4 Wear measurement methods .4 6.5 Test procedure for disc brake systems 5 6.6 Test procedure for drum brake systems.6 6.7 Expression of results7 7 Test report7 7.1 Report for disc brakes 7 7.2 Report for drum brakes.7 7.3 Lining data sheet .12 ISO 26866:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reserved
9、Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a t
10、echnical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters
11、 of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulate
12、d to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible
13、for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 26866 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 2, Braking systems and equipment. ISO 26866:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved vIntroduction The huge variety of wear tests introduced by different truck and trail
14、er manufacturers is highly time-consuming and leads to multiple evaluations of the same pad material on the same application. In view of the fact that test procedures are different, results do not correspond with each other. Wear testing in general is very time-consuming and hence very costly. This
15、International Standard has been developed in an effort to characterize friction materials that are used for a wide array of applications. Being a block wear schedule that comprises different energy and temperature levels, it provides a good general characterization of the wear behaviour of a frictio
16、n material. This International Standard standardizes all different procedures into one single procedure that covers all wear requirements of interest whilst having a minimum testing duration. In the process of harmonizing commercial vehicle applications, the standardization of performance testing fr
17、iction materials is a top priority. The varied conditions under which the friction material is tested and evaluated ensures a wide spectrum of data, which is critical during the various phases of product life, such as product and manufacturing process development, production validation, quality cont
18、rol, product auditing and field issues evaluation. This International Standard is intended to be used in conjunction with other applicable standards or test procedures (ISO, SAE, JIS/JASO, Federal Codes or Regulations, and other project or company-specific testing programmes) to fully assess the ade
19、quacy of a friction material for use in a certain application, market or vehicle platform. This International Standard does not include performance requirements related to stopping distance or braking force distribution, under different vehicle conditions of speed, temperature, tyre- to-road adhesio
20、n, loads and operating conditions of the braking system, as indicated in Federal Codes or Regulations. This International Standard has been developed as part of the friction material global harmonization programme outlined in ISO 15484, and results from close collaboration with major car manufacture
21、rs, brake system and component manufacturers, leading testing services, and standards development organizations such as SAE and JIS/JASO. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26866:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Road vehicles Brake lining friction materials Standard wear test procedure for commercial v
22、ehicles with air brakes 1 Scope This International Standard applies to commercial vehicles with air brakes in the categories M2, M3, N2, N3, O3, and O4, as specified in UNECE R.E.3. This International Standard applies during product development, product prototypes, product specification or validatio
23、n, and ongoing series production, as defined in ISO 15484. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (in
24、cluding any amendments) applies. UNECE R.E.3, Consolidated resolution on the construction of vehicles ISO 611:2003, Road vehicles Braking of automotive vehicles and their trailers Vocabulary ISO 1176, Road vehicles Masses Vocabulary and codes ISO 3833, Road vehicles Types Terms and definitions ISO 1
25、1157:2005, Road vehicles Brake lining assemblies Inertia dynamometer test method ISO 15484:2008, Road vehicles Brake lining friction materials Product definition and quality assurance 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in UNECE R.E.3, ISO 611,
26、ISO 1176, ISO 3833, ISO 15484 and the following apply. 3.1 air brake system braking system in which control and energy are transmitted from the point of application to the foundation brakes by air/pneumatic transmission devices 3.2 axle load technically feasible maximum design total mass specified b
27、y the vehicle or axle manufacturer and acknowledged by the technical services NOTE This mass can exceed the “maximum authorised total mass” permitted by national regulations. Unless otherwise specified by the test requestor, the axle loads indicated in Table 1 are used to determine the test inertia.
28、 ISO 26866:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved3.3 brake type brake sizes determined by the nominal rim diameter code, in accordance with Table 1 NOTE The same nominal rim diameter can have different tyre dynamic rolling radiuses. For other nominal rim sizes or tyre dynamic radiuses, refer to the
29、test requestor. 3.4 brake temperature temperature measured on the disc or drum at the centre of the path followed by the lining NOTE The brake temperature is measured using embedded thermocouples, located in the centre of the friction area about (0,5 0,1) mm below the disc/drum surface. 3.5 test ine
30、rtia part of the total inertia of the vehicle braked by the wheel under consideration, in accordance with Table 1 NOTE For other loads or tyre sizes, see ISO 11157. 3.6 wheel load half of the axle load (3.2) 3.7 total wear average of all measurement locations per pad or lining, added to the value of
31、 all pads and linings per brake NOTE Standardized wear rate is based on a total number of 250 stops per step. 4 Symbols Symbol Definition Unit T RRoom temperature C T startInitial temperature at beginning of braking C V endSpeed at end of braking km/h V startInitial speed at beginning of braking km/
32、h 5 Sampling Unless otherwise specified by the test requestor, sampling shall have been conducted in accordance with ISO 15484:2008, 5.3. 6 Test method 6.1 Principle This International Standard uses a single- or double-ended brake inertia-dynamometer to conduct the test. The inertia-dynamometer prov
33、ides a computer-controlled method to perform the test sequence controlling the different parameters in order to ensure the accurate and repeatable evaluation of the different tests. The control system of the inertia-dynamometer also records the in-stop values that allow the subsequent generation of
34、a complete test report to the requestor. ISO 26866:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 36.2 Test equipment and parts 6.2.1 An inertia-dynamometer having the characteristics specified in 6.2.2 to 6.2.4 shall be used for the test. 6.2.2 The inertia-dynamometer shall be capable of generating as close
35、as possible, with a tolerance of 5 %, the inertia specified in 6.3.1 or the test inertia indicated by the test requestor. 6.2.3 The brake fitted shall be identical to the intended use type and oriented as close as possible to the vehicle mounting position. Inconsequential changes to the lining confi
36、guration are permitted (i.e. chamfers, slots, wear indicators, noise shims, etc.) 6.2.4 The instrumentation for the test shall be capable of providing at least the following data: a) continuous recording of disc or drum rotational speed; b) the number of revolutions completed during a brake applicat
37、ion; c) the stopping time; d) continuous recording of the temperature on the disc and pads or the drum and lining; e) continuous recording of control line pressure or force during a brake application; f) continuous recording of brake output torque. 6.3 Test conditions 6.3.1 Test inertia and tyre dyn
38、amic rolling radius shall be in accordance with Table 1. Table 1 Test conditions Brake manufacturer Brake type aAxle load kg Tyre dynamic rolling radius m Test inertia kgm 2Remarks All 22,5” 10 000 0,527 1 389 All 19,5” 9 000 0,518 1 207 Trailers All 19,5” 9 000 0,446 895 Trucks All 17,5” 6 600 0,40
39、7 547 aThe brake chamber shall be selected in coordination with the brake manufacturer. 6.3.2 The initial rotational speed of the inertia-dynamometer shall correspond to the test speeds as specified in 6.5, and shall be based on the tyre dynamic rolling radius. 6.3.3 Cooling air at ambient temperatu
40、re may be used, directly perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the brake. Use the maximum cooling air speed of the system to reduce testing time. Make sure that the initial braking temperature is achieved properly. Record and report the cooling air conditions, ambient temperature and humidity (ab
41、solute or relative) values during the test. 6.3.4 When the rotor or drum temperature is below the initial temperature required for the brake application, drag the brake at the braking speed of the intended brake event without exceeding 80 km/h at 0,2 g equivalent torque until the initial temperature
42、 plus 50 C is reached. Alternatively, brake applications from 60 km/h to 20 km/h at 0,3 MPa (3 bar) 1)brake pressure might be used. 1) 1 bar = 0,1 MPa. ISO 26866:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reserved6.3.5 The initial rotational speed of the inertia-dynamometer shall correspond to the test speeds as
43、 specified in 6.5, and shall be based on the tyre dynamic rolling radius. 6.4 Wear measurement methods 6.4.1 Measurement of pad wear and mass 6.4.1.1 Use at least six locations equally spread for the measurement; if a centre groove is present, then use eight locations. The distance from edges and co
44、rners should be approximately 12 mm. In case of chamfers, reduce this distance to 6 mm. 6.4.1.2 The measurement locations shall be permanently marked; the surface shall be specially prepared if necessary. In the case of surface brakeouts or edge crumbling, the affected measurement location shall not
45、 be considered for further evaluation. 6.4.1.3 Measure and report the overall thickness of the friction material, including the backing plate. 6.4.1.4 For the determination of mass, ensure that the pads are always in the same assembly condition. The pads shall be cleaned from debris. 6.4.1.5 The req
46、uired accuracy for the thickness is 0,01 mm; the required accuracy for the mass is 0,1 g. 6.4.1.6 Record and document the values for each cycle. 6.4.2 Measurement of lining wear and mass 6.4.2.1 Turn the linings to match the drum diameter as close as possible, following the instructions provided by
47、the requestor. 6.4.2.2 Make drill-points in either the lining or the shoe at each measurement location. The drill-points in the lining shall be as small as possible, but large enough to allow access for the measurement device. 6.4.2.3 Use at least six locations per segment equally distributed for th
48、e measurement. Avoid positions in the projected tracks of the rivets. 6.4.2.4 In the case of surface breakouts or edge crumbling, do not consider the affected measurement location for further measurements. 6.4.2.5 For the determination of mass, ensure that the linings are always in the same assembly
49、 condition. The linings shall be cleaned from debris. 6.4.2.6 The required accuracy for the thickness is 0,01 mm; the required accuracy for the mass is 0,1 g. 6.4.2.7 Record and document the values for each cycle. 6.4.3 Disc measurement 6.4.3.1 Use a minimum of eight positions at the inner and outer diameter (the distance to the edges being between 6 mm and 12 mm) equally distributed over 90 sections and mark them permanently at the outer face of the disc. 6.4.3.2 In order to take the mass value
