1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE 3975 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDlZATlON : zi UDCKDU 637.51 : 636.1 : 001.4 Ref. No./Rhf. no : IS0 3975-1977 (E/F) k 0, 7 R Descriptors : livestock, horses, vocabulary/Descripteurs : cheptel, Qquins, vocabulaire. F? E Price based on 5 pages/Prix
2、 base sur 5 pages FOREWORD IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards institutes (IS0 member bodies). The work of developing International Standards is carried out through IS0 technical committees. Every member body interested in a subjec
3、t for which a technical committee has been set up has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to th
4、e member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the IS0 Council. International Standard IS0 3975 was developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34, Agricultural food products, and was circulated to the member bodies in November 1975. It has been approved by the member
5、 bodies of the following countries : Austria India Canada Iran Czechoslovakia Israel Egypt, Arab Rep. of Mexico France Netherlands Hungary Peru Poland Romania Spain Turkey United Kingdom Yugoslavia No member body expressed disapproval of the document. 6) International Organization for Standardizatio
6、n, 1977 l Printed in Switzerland ii AVANT-PROPOS LISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une federation mondiale dorganismes nationaux de normalisation (comites membresde IISO). Lelaboration des Normes internationales est confide aux comites techniques de IISO. Chaque comite membre i
7、nteresse par une etude a le droit de faire partie du comite technique correspondant. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec IISO, participent Bgalement aux travaux. Les projets de Normes internationales adopt stallion : A male equine animal havin
8、g complete sexual attributes. 1.2 castrated horse; gelding : A male equine animal having no testicles left or whose testicles have been rendered atrophied and not functioning. 1.3 female horse; mare : Female equine animal. 2 TERMS RELATING TO AGE NOTE - Age IS estimated by the state of the incisors
9、of the lower jaw. This state can be influenced to a certain extent by racial hereditary factors and feeding factors. The milk incisors are distingulshed from the permanent incisors by their smaller size, white colour, and dental tables always having a transversal oval shape. The permanent incisors a
10、re yellowish-brown or yellowish- white in colour. The dental table shapes vary according to wear, developing toward a round or triangular shape. 2.1 Foals 2.1.1 milk foal : A horse ordinarily less than 6 months old, whose maximum age is characterized by eruption of the third pair of milk incisors (c
11、orners). The mucous membranes are slightly pink. (See figure 1.) 2.1.2 weaned foal; grass foal : A horse ordinarily less than 1 year old. The pincers (first pair of incisors) are losing mark and corners are beginning to touch. (See figure 2.) 2.2 Young horses 2.2.1 young horse - I : A horse, female
12、or male, castrated or entire, ordinarily from 12 to 30 months old, whose maximum age is characterized by falling out of the milk pincers. (See figure 3.) 2.2.2 young horse - II : A horse, female or male, castrated or entire, ordinarily from 2 I/Z to 4 I/Z years old, whose maximum age is characterize
13、d by falling out of the milk corners. (See figure 4.) Dhfinitions des animaux vivants dabattoir - Chevaux OBJET ET DOMAINE DAPPLICATION La presente Norme internationale donne les dkfinitions des termes utilis hongre : iquin m5le nayant plus de testicules ou ayant des testicules dont on a provoquC Ia
14、trophie et qui sont devenus non fonctionnels. 1.3 cheval femelle; jument : iquin femelle. 2 D6FINITIONS RELATIVES A LAGE NOTE - LBge est appreci6 par IQtat des incisives de la m poulain dherbe : iquin 2gB en g&al de moins dun an. Les pinces (premiire paire dincisives) rasent, les coins entrent en co
15、ntact. (Voir figure 2.) 2.2 Jeune chevaux 2.2.1 jeune cheval - I : Cheval, femelle ou m$le entier ou castr6, igg en general de 12 mois g 30 mois, dont IBge maximal est caractkrisb par la chute des pinces de lait. (Voir figure 3.) 2.2.2 jeune cheval - II : Cheval, femelle ou m5le entier ou castr6, 2g
16、B en g&tt%al de 2 ans I/Z d 4 ans I /2, dont Iige maximal est caract&isk par la chute des coins de lait. (Voir figure 4.) 1 IS0 3975-1977 (E/F) 2.3 Adult horses 2.3.1 horse from 4 112 to 6 years old : The maximum age is characterized by the permanent pincers losing mark and wearing at the lip edge o
17、f the permanent corners. (See figure 5.) 2.3.2 horse from 6 to 8 years old : The maximum age is characterized by the permanent corners losing mark. The dental table becomes clearly “oval-transversal”. (See figure 6.) 2.4 old horse : A horse ordinarily more than 8 years old. The dental table becomes
18、round then triangular. (See figure 7.) 2.3 Chevaux adultes 2.3.1 cheval de 4 ans l/2 g 6 ans : LBge maximal est caracterise par le rasement des pinces de seconde dentition et Iusure du bord labial des coins de seconde dentition. (Voir figure 5.) 2.3.2 cheval de 6 a$ns B 8 ans : Lage maximal est cara
19、c- t&i& par le rasement des coins de seconde dentition. La table dentaire devient nettement (ovale-transversale). (Voir figure 6.) 2.4 cheval dlge : iquin age en general de plus de 8 ans. La table dentaire devient ronde puis triangulaire. (Voir figure 7.) 2 IS0 3975-1977 (E/F) ANNEX ANNEXE SKETCHES
20、OF DENTITION OF HORSES CROQUIS DE DENTITION DES CHEVAUX (LOWER JAW) (MiiCHOIRE INFiRIEURE) The maximum age is characterized by the eruption of the third pair of milk incisors (corners). The mucous mem- branes are slightly pink. Ldge maximal est caracterise par lerup- tion de la troisieme paire dinci
21、sives de lait (coins). Les muqueuses sont I&-e- ment resees. Eruption Eruption- FIGURE 1 - Dentition of milk foal FIGURE 1 - Dentition du poulain de lait The pincers (first pair of incisors) are losing mark and the corners are begin- ning to touch. Rasement des pinces (premiere paire dincisives) et
22、contact des coins. lly up A niveau First pair of incisors losing mark SX- Rasement de la premiere paire dincisives FIGURE 2 - Dentition of weaned foal FIGURE 2 - Dentition du poulain sew6 or grass foal ou poulain dherbe The maximum age is characterized by the falling out of the milk pincers. Ldge ma
23、ximal est caracterise par la chute des pinces de lait. Chute FIGURE 3 - Dentition of young horse - I FIGURE 3 - Dentition du jeune chevel - I 3 IS0 3975-1977 (E/F) The maximum age is characterized by the falling out of the milk corners. Lbge maximal est caracterise par la chute des coins de lait. FI
24、GURE 4 - Dentition of young horse - II The maximum age is characterized by the permanent pincers losing mark and by wearing at the lip edge of the per- manent corners. FIGURE 4 - Dentition du jeune cheval - II Llge maximal est caracterise par le dentition et Iusure du bord labial Kment des pinces de
25、 seconde des corns de seconde dentition. / Wearing at the lip edge Usure du bord anterieur Losing mark Rasement FIGURE 5 - Dentition of adult hqrse, FIGURE 5 - Dentition du cheval adulte, 4 I /2 to 6 years 4anst/236ans The maximum age is characterized by the permanent corners losing mark. The dental
26、 table becomes clearly “oval-trans- versal”. Lbge maximal est caracterise par le rasement des coins de seconde den- tition. La table dentaire devient nette- ment (ovale-transversale),. Losing mark - Rasement Dental table becoming oval Ovalisation de la table dentaire FIGURE 6 - Dentition of adult ho
27、rse, 6 to 8 years FIGURE 6 - Dentition du cheval adulte, 6 ans B 8 ans 4 IS0 3975-1977 (E/F) The dental table becomes round then triangular. La table dentaire devient ronde puis sg ulaire. Progressive triangulation of the dental table Table dentaire devenant progressivement triangulaire FIGURE 7 - Dentition of old horse FIGURE 7 - Dentition du cheval d8ge 5
