1、 Reference number ISO 6460-1:2007(E) ISO 2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6460-1 First edition 2007-08-15 Motorcycles Measurement method for gaseous exhaust emissions and fuel consumption Part 1: General test requirements Motocycles Mthode de mesure des missions de gaz dchappement et de la consommatio
2、n de carburant Partie 1: Exigences gnrales dessai ISO 6460-1:2007(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and install
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5、ase inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm,
6、 without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2007 Al
7、l rights reservedISO 6460-1:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword. v Introduction . vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Symbols . 2 5 Standard reference conditions 4 6 Tests. 5 6.1 Measurement of gaseous exhaust emissions . 5 6.2 Measureme
8、nt of fuel consumption . 5 7 Measurement equipment . 5 7.1 Chassis dynamometer 5 7.2 Gas-collection equipment 5 7.3 Analytical equipment 6 7.4 Cooling equipment . 7 7.5 Fuel consumption measurement 7 7.6 Accuracy of instruments and measurements 8 8 Preparing the test . 8 8.1 Engine fuel and lubrican
9、ts. 8 8.2 Description of the test motorcycle 8 8.3 Conditioning/preparation of the test motorcycle 8 8.4 Adjustment of the analytical apparatus 9 9 System check procedure . 9 9.1 Accuracy of the CVS system . 9 9.2 Metering a constant flow of pure gas (CO or C 3 H 8 ) using a critical flow orifice 9
10、9.3 Metering a limited quantity of pure gas (CO or C 3 H 8 ) by means of a gravimetric technique. 9 10 Procedure for sampling, analysing and measuring the volume of gaseous exhaust emissions 10 10.1 Operations to be carried out before the motorcycle start up. 10 10.2 Beginning of sampling and volume
11、 measurement . 12 10.3 End of sampling and volume measurement 12 10.4 Analysis . 12 10.5 Measuring the driving distance. 12 10.6 Open type CVS system. 13 11 Determination of the quantity of gaseous exhaust emissions 13 11.1 Total diluted exhaust mixture volume corrected to the standard reference con
12、ditions. 13 11.2 Exhaust gas sampling and the dilution factor. 14 11.3 Mass of the gaseous exhaust emissions . 15 12 Determination of the fuel consumption 17 12.1 Carbon balance method. 17 12.2 Fuel flow measurement method 17 12.3 Calculation of results in litres per 100 km 18 12.4 Criteria of the s
13、tatistical accuracy for the fuel consumption measurements 18 Annex A (normative) Method and equipment for measuring fuel consumption by the fuel flow measurement method. 19 ISO 6460-1:2007(E) iv ISO 2007 All rights reservedAnnex B (informative) Example for record form of test fuel specifications . 2
14、9 Annex C (informative) Exhaust gas leakage check procedure for the open type CVS system 30 Annex D (informative) Determination of the dilution factor . 35 Annex E (informative) Principle of the carbon balance method 42 Annex F (informative) Simplified determination method of the atom number ratio o
15、f hydrogen and carbon, and that of oxygen and carbon in gasoline and diesel fuel 45 Annex G (normative) Fuel consumption for two-stroke engines 47 Annex H (informative) Criteria of the statistical accuracy for the fuel consumption measurements 49 Bibliography . 51 ISO 6460-1:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rig
16、hts reserved v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subjec
17、t for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
18、 on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committee
19、s are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be he
20、ld responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 6460-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 22, Motorcycles. ISO 6460-1, together with ISO 6460-2 and ISO 6460-3, cancels and replaces ISO 6460:1981 and ISO 7860:1995, which have been technical
21、ly revised. ISO 6460 consists of the following parts, under the general title Motorcycles Measurement method for gaseous exhaust emissions and fuel consumption: Part 1: General test requirements Part 2: Test cycles and specific test conditions Part 3: Fuel consumption measurement at a constant speed
22、 ISO 6460-1:2007(E) vi ISO 2007 All rights reservedIntroduction For measurement of motorcycle fuel consumption, the carbon balance method, where the fuel consumption is calculated from analysis of the carbon quantity in the exhaust gas, is now widely used in addition to the conventional fuel flow me
23、asurement. Therefore, the measurement of exhaust gas and that of fuel consumption are inseparably related to each other. ISO 6460 now covers in one single series of standards the two subjects that were previously covered separately by ISO 6460:1981 and ISO 7860:1995. This part of ISO 6460 defines fu
24、ndamental elements such as the measurement accuracy, test vehicle conditions and the details of the carbon balance method. Measurement of gaseous exhaust emissions and fuel consumption of test cycles can be conducted by means of this part of ISO 6460 and ISO 6460-2:2007. Together with ISO 6460-3, th
25、ey also give details of those measurements at a constant speed. While the most up-to-date technologies are reflected in the ISO 6460 series, further technical development in the following aspects will be necessary in the future, when measurement of exhaust gas at a lower level is required: cleaning
26、of the background air (i.e. the air in the test room which is used for the dilution air); heating of the sampling line; control of the test room humidity; the exhaust gas analysis system for low level emissions; consideration of the evaporated fuel from the test motorcycle. In addition to the above
27、issues, the chassis dynamometer with electrically simulated inertia is at the stage of practical application. Standardization of the verification method and the allowance of simulated inertia would be necessary for this recent development. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6460-1:2007(E) ISO 2007 All right
28、s reserved 1 Motorcycles Measurement method for gaseous exhaust emissions and fuel consumption Part 1: General test requirements 1 Scope This part of ISO 6460 specifies the general test requirements for measurement for the gaseous exhaust emissions from motorcycles, and for determining the fuel cons
29、umption of motorcycles as defined in ISO 3833. It is applicable to motorcycles equipped with a spark ignition engine (four-stroke engine, two-stroke engine or rotary piston engine) or a compression ignition engine. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the a
30、pplication of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3833, Road vehicles Types Terms and definitions ISO 6460-2:2007, Motorcycles Measurement method for gaseous
31、 exhaust emissions and fuel consumption Part 2: Test cycles and specific test conditions ISO 6460-3:2007, Motorcycles Measurement method for gaseous exhaust emissions and fuel consumption Part 3: Fuel consumption measurement at a constant speed ISO 11486, Motorcycles Methods for setting running resi
32、stance on a chassis dynamometer 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms defined in ISO 3833 and the following apply. 3.1 motorcycle kerb mass total unladen mass of the motorcycle, which is filled with fuel in such a way that the normal container for fuel is filled to at
33、least 90 % of the capacity specified by the manufacturer, and which is fitted with a tool kit and a spare wheel (if obligatory) 3.2 reference mass of the motorcycle kerb mass of the motorcycle increased by a uniform figure of 75 kg, which represents the mass of a rider 3.3 equivalent inertia total i
34、nertia of the rotating masses of the test bench, determined with respect to the reference mass of the motorcycle ISO 6460-1:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved3.4 gaseous exhaust emissions carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides (gaseous pollutants) and carbon dioxide emitted from motorcyc
35、les 4 Symbols Table 1 Symbols Symbols Definition Unitaa mixing ratio of lubrication oil and fuel c CO,dcarbon monoxide concentration in the dilution air ppm c CO,dmcarbon monoxide concentration in the dilution air with the water vapour and carbon dioxide absorbent ppm c CO,ecarbon monoxide concentra
36、tion in the diluted exhaust mixture ppm c CO,ecvolumetric concentration of carbon monoxide in the diluted exhaust mixture, corrected to take account of carbon monoxide in the dilution air ppm c CO,emcarbon monoxide concentration in the diluted exhaust mixture with the water vapour and carbon dioxide
37、 absorbent ppm c CO2,dcarbon dioxide concentration in the dilution air % c CO2,ecarbon dioxide concentration in the diluted exhaust mixture % c CO2,ec volumetric concentration of carbon dioxide in the diluted exhaust mixture, corrected to take account of carbon dioxide in the dilution air % c NOx,dn
38、itrogen oxides concentration in the dilution air ppm c NOx,enitrogen oxides concentration in the diluted exhaust mixture ppm c NOx,ecvolumetric concentration of nitrogen oxides in the diluted exhaust mixture, corrected to take account of nitrogen oxides in the dilution air ppm c O2,doxygen concentra
39、tion in the dilution air % c Pi,ecconcentration of the pollutant i in the diluted exhaust mixture, corrected to take account of the amount of the pollutant i contained in the dilution air ppm c THC,dhydrocarbon concentration in the dilution air as measured in parts per million carbon equivalent ppmC
40、 c THC,ehydrocarbon concentration in the diluted exhaust mixture as measured in parts per million carbon equivalent ppmC c THC,ecvolumetric concentration, expressed in parts per million carbon equivalent, of hydrocarbon in the diluted exhaust mixture, corrected to take account of hydrocarbon in the
41、dilution air ppmC C THCvalue of HFID (hydrogen flame ionization detection) output ppm d 0relative air density at the standard reference conditions D fdilution factor F c specific fuel consumption km/L F cspecific fuel consumption for lubrication oil mixed fuel km/L F c100fuel consumption per 100 km
42、L/100 km F olubrication oil consumption for the mixed fuel km/L H aabsolute humidity in grams of water per kilogram of dry air H drelative humidity of dilution air % ISO 6460-1:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3 Table 1 (continued) Symbols Definition UnitaH rrelative humidity in the test room %
43、H 0standard relative humidity % K Hhumidity correction factor used for the calculation of the mass emissions of nitrogen oxides K 1venturi correction factor K 2ratio of pressure to temperature at the standard reference conditions L running distance actually travelled km m COmass of carbon monoxide i
44、n the exhaust gas g/km m CO2mass of carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas g/km m f fuel consumed g m NOxmass of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas g/km m Pimass emission of the pollutant i g m THCmass of hydrocarbon in the exhaust gas g/km N number of revolutions of positive displacement pump during the
45、 test while samples are being collected p amean barometric pressure during the test in the test room kPa p dsaturated water vapour pressure during the test in the test room kPa p pdiluted exhaust mixture absolute pressure at the inlet of positive displacement pump kPa p vabsolute pressure at the ven
46、turi inlet kPa p v(t) absolute pressure of the diluted exhaust mixture at the venturi inlet kPa p 0total barometric pressure at the standard reference conditions kPa Q ameasured flow rate of venturi at ambient conditions L/s Q calmeasured flow rate of venturi using the other gas flowmeter L/s R HC,e
47、xatom number ratio of hydrogen and carbon in the exhaust gas R HC,exatom number ratio of hydrogen and carbon in the exhaust gas for lubrication oil mixed fuel R HC,fatom number ratio of hydrogen and carbon in the fuel R HC,oatom number ratio of hydrogen and carbon in the lubrication oil R OC,exatom
48、number ratio of oxygen and carbon in the exhaust gas R OC,exatom number ratio of oxygen and carbon in the exhaust gas for lubrication oil mixed fuel R OC,fatom number ratio of oxygen and carbon in the fuel R OC,oatom number ratio of oxygen and carbon in the lubrication oil t time s t testtotal test
49、time s T ameasured ambient temperature during the test in the test room K T ffuel temperature measured at the burette K T ptemperature of diluted exhaust mixture at the positive displacement pump inlet during the test while samples are being collected K T vtemperature at the venturi inlet K T v(t) temperature of diluted exhaust mixture at the venturi inlet K ISO 6460-1:2007(E) 4 ISO 2007 All rights reservedTable 1 (continued) Symbols Definition UnitaT 0air temper
