1、 Reference number ISO/IEC 26907:2009(E) ISO/IEC 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 26907 Second edition 2009-11-15 Information technology Telecommunications and information exchange between systems High-rate ultra-wideband PHY and MAC standard Technologies de linformation Tlinformatique Norme PHY et
2、 MAC bande ultralarge et haut dbit ISO/IEC 26907:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the co
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5、he Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without
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7、ghts reserved ISO/IEC 26907:2009(E) iii ISO/IEC 2009 - All rights reserved Contents Page Foreword x Introduction .xi 1 Scope .1 2 Conformance .1 3 Normative references 1 4 Terms and definitions 1 5 Notational conventions4 6 Abbreviations and acronyms4 7 General description .7 7.1 PHY general descrip
8、tion .7 7.2 MAC general description .8 7.2.1 General description of the architecture 8 7.2.2 Device address 9 7.2.3 Features assumed from the PHY .9 7.2.4 Overview of MAC service functionality .9 7.2.5 MUX sublayer. 13 7.2.6 MAC policies . 13 7.2.7 Test vectors. 13 8 PHY layer partitioning . 13 8.1
9、PHY function 14 8.2 PLCP sublayer 14 8.3 PMD sublayer . 14 8.4 PHY layer management entity (PLME) 14 9 Description of signal . 14 9.1 Mathematical framework . 14 9.2 Tone-Nulling . 15 10 PLCP sublayer . 16 10.1 PPDU 16 10.1.1 PSDU rate-dependent parameters . 18 10.1.2 Timing-related parameters 18 10
10、.1.3 Frame-related parameters . 19 10.2 PLCP preamble . 20 10.2.1 Standard PLCP preamble 20 10.2.2 Burst PLCP preamble . 21 10.3 PLCP header . 43 10.3.1 PHY header 44 ISO/IEC 26907:2009(E) iv ISO/IEC 2009 - All rights reserved 10.3.2 Reed-Solomon outer code for the PLCP header 48 10.3.3 Header check
11、 sequence . 50 10.4 PSDU . 51 10.4.1 Pad bits. 52 10.5 Data scrambler . 53 10.6 Tail bits 54 10.7 Convolutional encoder . 55 10.8 Bit interleaving 58 10.9 Constellation mapping 60 10.9.1 QPSK 60 10.9.2 Dual-carrier modulation (DCM) . 61 10.10 OFDM modulation . 63 10.10.1 Implementation consideration
12、s 67 10.10.2 Data subcarriers 67 10.10.3 Guard subcarriers 71 10.10.4 Pilot subcarriers 71 11 General requirements .73 11.1 Operating band frequencies 73 11.1.1 Operating frequency range. 73 11.1.2 Band numbering 73 11.2 Channelization . 74 11.3 PHY layer timing. 78 11.3.1 Interframe spacing. 78 11.
13、3.2 Receive-to-transmit turnaround time 78 11.3.3 Transmit-to-receive turnaround time 79 11.3.4 Time between successive transmissions 79 11.3.5 Band frequency switch time . 79 12 Transmitter specifications 79 12.1 Transmit PSD mask 79 12.2 Transmit centre frequency tolerance . 80 12.3 Symbol clock f
14、requency tolerance 80 12.4 Clock synchronization 80 12.5 Phase coherence 80 12.6 Transmit power control. 80 12.7 Transmitter constellation error . 81 13 Receiver specification83 13.1 Receiver sensitivity 83 13.2 Receiver CCA performance . 83 13.3 Link quality indicator . 83 13.4 Receive Signal Stren
15、gth Indicator . 84 14 Ranging and location awareness 85 14.1 Ranging requirements 85 ISO/IEC 26907:2009(E) v ISO/IEC 2009 - All rights reserved 14.2 Ranging reference signal 85 14.3 PHY ranging resources . 85 14.4 PHY ranging operation 85 14.5 Ranging calibration constants . 85 14.6 Example range me
16、asurement (informative) 85 15 PHY and MAC service access points (informative) 86 15.1 Generic MIB management primitives 87 15.1.1 XX-GET.request 88 15.1.2 XX-GET.confirm 88 15.1.3 XX-SET.request 89 15.1.4 XX-SET.confirm 89 15.2 PHY SAP interface 90 15.2.1 Data transfer 90 15.2.2 PHY transmission con
17、trol . 91 15.2.3 PHY reception control 93 15.2.4 PHY CCA control 96 15.3 PLME SAP interface 97 15.3.1 PHY reset. 99 15.3.2 PHY ranging timer control 100 15.4 MAC sublayer management primitives . 101 15.5 MAC management information base (MIB) 101 15.6 MLME SAP interface 101 15.6.1 Reset . 101 15.6.2
18、Scan 102 15.6.3 Beacon transmission and reception 104 15.6.4 IE management. 109 15.6.5 PTK establishment . 110 15.6.6 GTK solicitation/distribution 113 15.6.7 Temporal key update 116 15.6.8 Security violation report 118 15.6.9 Pseudo-random function (PRF) . 119 15.6.10 Application-specific IE (ASIE)
19、 management . 120 15.6.11 Multicast address binding. 122 15.6.12 Link events 125 15.6.13 Probe . 128 15.6.14 Hibernation and sleep cycle 131 15.6.15 Higher layer synchronization support . 136 15.6.16 Reservation management 138 15.6.17 Connection configuration primitives . 144 15.6.18 Range measureme
20、nt . 146 15.6.19 Application-specific command management 147 15.7 MAC SAP interface 149 15.7.1 MAC-DATA.request . 151 15.7.2 MAC-DATA.indication . 151 ISO/IEC 26907:2009(E) vi ISO/IEC 2009 - All rights reserved 15.7.3 MAC-DATA.confirm .152 16 MAC frame formats.152 16.1 Frame format conventions .152
21、16.1.1 Figures.152 16.1.2 Octet order .152 16.1.3 Encoding 153 16.2 General MAC frame format .153 16.2.1 Frame control .154 16.2.2 DestAddr 155 16.2.3 SrcAddr155 16.2.4 Sequence control .155 16.2.5 Access information.156 16.2.6 Frame payload 157 16.2.7 FCS 157 16.3 Beacon frames 158 16.4 Control fra
22、mes 160 16.4.1 Immediate acknowledgement (Imm-ACK) .161 16.4.2 Block acknowledgement (B-ACK) 161 16.4.3 Request to send (RTS) 162 16.4.4 Clear to send (CTS) 162 16.4.5 Unused DRP reservation announcement (UDA) 162 16.4.6 Unused DRP reservation response (UDR) 162 16.4.7 Application-specific .162 16.5
23、 Command frames.163 16.5.1 DRP reservation request .164 16.5.2 DRP reservation response 164 16.5.3 Probe .165 16.5.4 Pairwise temporal key (PTK) .165 16.5.5 Group temporal key (GTK) 166 16.5.6 Range measurement .167 16.5.7 Application-specific .168 16.6 Data frames.168 16.7 Aggregated data frames.16
24、9 16.8 Information elements.169 16.8.1 Application-specific IE (ASIE) .171 16.8.2 Application-specific probe IE 171 16.8.3 Beacon period occupancy IE (BPOIE) 172 16.8.4 BP switch IE .173 16.8.5 Channel change IE 173 16.8.6 Distributed reservation protocol (DRP) IE .173 16.8.7 DRP availability IE 175
25、 16.8.8 Hibernation anchor IE .175 16.8.9 Hibernation mode IE .176 16.8.10 Identification IE 176 ISO/IEC 26907:2009(E) vii ISO/IEC 2009 - All rights reserved 16.8.11 Link feedback IE . 178 16.8.12 MAC capabilities IE 179 16.8.13 Master key identifier (MKID) IE . 180 16.8.14 Multicast address binding
26、 (MAB) IE 180 16.8.15 PCA availability IE 181 16.8.16 PHY capabilities IE . 181 16.8.17 Probe IE . 184 16.8.18 Regulatory Domain IE . 184 16.8.19 Relinquish request IE . 185 16.8.20 Tone-nulling (TN) IE 186 16.8.21 Traffic indication map (TIM) IE 187 17 MAC sublayer functional description 187 17.1 F
27、rame processing . 187 17.1.1 Frame addresses 188 17.1.2 Frame reception . 188 17.1.3 Frame transaction 188 17.1.4 Frame transfer . 189 17.1.5 Frame retry 190 17.1.6 Inter-frame space (IFS) . 190 17.1.7 Duplicate detection 190 17.1.8 RTS/CTS use 191 17.1.9 MAC header fields 191 17.1.10 Information el
28、ements 194 17.2 Beacon period 197 17.2.1 Beacon slot state . 198 17.2.2 BP length . 198 17.2.3 Beacon transmission and reception 199 17.2.4 Beacon slot collision detection 200 17.2.5 BP contraction . 201 17.2.6 Merger of multiple BPs . 201 17.3 Prioritized contention access (PCA) 204 17.3.1 PCA medi
29、um availability. 205 17.3.2 NAV . 205 17.3.3 Medium status 205 17.3.4 PCA parameters . 205 17.3.5 Obtaining a TXOP . 206 17.3.6 Using a TXOP . 207 17.3.7 Invoking a backoff procedure . 208 17.3.8 Decrementing a backoff counter . 209 17.4 Distributed reservation protocol (DRP) 209 17.4.1 Reservation
30、type 210 17.4.2 Medium access. 211 17.4.3 DRP availability IE . 211 17.4.4 DRP reservation negotiation . 212 ISO/IEC 26907:2009(E) viii ISO/IEC 2009 - All rights reserved 17.4.5 DRP reservation announcements.213 17.4.6 Resolution of DRP reservation conflicts 213 17.4.7 BPST realignment and existing
31、DRP reservations 215 17.4.8 Modification and termination of existing DRP reservations 215 17.4.9 Release of hard or private DRP reservation blocks 215 17.4.10 Retransmit procedures in DRP reservations 216 17.5 Synchronization of devices216 17.5.1 Clock accuracy .217 17.5.2 Synchronization for device
32、s in hibernation mode 217 17.5.3 Guard times217 17.6 Fragmentation and reassembly 218 17.7 Aggregation 219 17.8 Acknowledgement policies 219 17.8.1 No-ACK 219 17.8.2 Immediate ACK .219 17.8.3 Block ACK 219 17.9 Probe 221 17.10 Dynamic channel selection 222 17.11 Multi-rate support 222 17.12 Transmit
33、 power control 222 17.13 Power management mechanisms 223 17.13.1 Power management modes 223 17.13.2 Device power states 223 17.13.3 Power state transitions .223 17.13.4 Hibernation mode operation 224 17.13.5 Hibernation anchor operation 225 17.14 ASIE operation 226 17.15 Range measurement operation
34、.226 17.16 MAC sublayer parameters 229 18 Security .230 18.1 Security mechanisms 231 18.1.1 Security operation 231 18.1.2 4-way handshake 231 18.1.3 Key transport .231 18.1.4 Freshness protection 231 18.1.5 Data encryption 231 18.1.6 Frame integrity protection 232 18.2 Security modes .232 18.2.1 Sec
35、urity mode 0234 18.2.2 Security mode 1234 18.2.3 Security mode 2234 18.3 Temporal keys .235 18.3.1 Mutual authentication and PTK derivation .235 18.3.2 GTK exchange 236 ISO/IEC 26907:2009(E) ix ISO/IEC 2009 - All rights reserved 18.3.3 Pseudo-random function (PRF) definition . 237 18.3.4 PTK and KCK
36、 derivation . 237 18.3.5 PTK MIC generation 238 18.3.6 Random number generation 238 18.4 Frame reception steps and replay prevention measures . 239 18.4.1 Frame reception . 239 18.4.2 Replay prevention 239 18.4.3 Implications on GTKs . 240 18.5 AES-128 CCM Inputs . 240 18.5.1 Overview 240 18.5.2 Non
37、ce 240 18.5.3 CCM blocks 241 Annex A (normative) MUX sublayer . 243 Annex B (normative) MAC Policies 246 Annex C (normative) Assigned number document . 249 Annex D (informative) MAC test vectors 250 Annex E (informative) Example encoding of a PHY packet . 261 Annex F (informative) Recommended out-of
38、-band emission limits . 306 Annex G (informative) Range measurement calculations . 307 Bibliography .311ISO/IEC 26907:2009(E) x ISO/IEC 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specializ
39、ed system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical commit
40、tees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International
41、 Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publ
42、ication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all su
43、ch patent rights. International Standard ISO/IEC 26907 was prepared by Ecma International (as ECMA-368) and was adopted, under a special “fast-track procedure”, by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its approval by national bodies of ISO and IEC. This s
44、econd edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 26907:2007), which has been technically revised. The second edition adds the following for regulatory flexibility: an additional TFI code; an additional Band Group; tone nulling for interference avoidance. It also relaxes the requirement
45、for Band group 1, relocates some assigned numbers to Ecma registries on the website, adds an information element for Bluetooth. ISO/IEC 26907:2009(E) xi ISO/IEC 2009 - All rights reserved Introduction This International Standard specifies the ultra wideband (UWB) physical layer (PHY) and medium acce
46、ss control (MAC) sublayer for a high-speed, short-range wireless network, utilizing all or part of the spectrum between 3 100 MHz and 10 600 MHz, supporting data rates of up to 480 Mb/s. This International Standard divides the spectrum into 14 bands, each with a bandwidth of 528 MHz. The first 12 ba
47、nds are then grouped into four band groups consisting of three bands. The last two bands are grouped into a fifth band group. A sixth band group is also defined within the spectrum of the first four, consistent with usage within worldwide regulatory regulations. A MultiBand Orthogonal Frequency Divi
48、sion Modulation (MB-OFDM) scheme is used to transmit information. A total of 110 sub-carriers (100 data carriers and 10 guard carriers) are used per band. In addition, 12 pilot subcarriers allow for coherent detection. Frequency-domain spreading, time-domain spreading, and forward error correction (
49、FEC) coding are provided for optimum performance under a variety of channel conditions. The MAC sublayer is designed to enable mobility, such that a group of devices may continue communicating while merging or splitting from other groups of devices. To maximize flexibility, the functionality of this MAC is distributed among devices. These functions include distributed coordination to avoid interference between different groups of devices by appropriate use of channels and distributed medium reservations to ensure Quality of Ser
