1、专升本英语模拟 442及答案解析(总分：233.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、 Phonetics(总题数：5，分数：6.00)A.occupyB.cityC.flyD.satisfyA.nowB.howC.allowD.windowA.howeverB.narrowC.shallowD.snowyA.civilB.curriculumC.crystalD.countryA.griefB.believeC.relieveD.sufficient二、 Vocabulary and Str(总题数：2，分数：52.50)6.The pressure _ causes Americans to b
2、e energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain.（分数：2.50）A.to competeB.competingC.to be competedD.having competedI consider myself something of an expert on apologies. A quick temper(脾气) has 2 me with plenty of opportunities(机会) to make them. In one of my earliest 3 , my mother
3、is telling me, “Don“t watch the 4 when you say “I“m sorry“. Hold your head up and look the person in the 5 , so he“ll know you 6 it.“ My mother thus made the key point of a(n) 7 apology: it must be direct. You must never 8 to be doing something else. You do not 9 a pile of letters while apologizing
4、to a person 10 in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your 11 . You do not apologize to a hostess(女主人), whose guest of honor you treat 12 , by sending flowers the next day without mentioning your bad 13 . One of the important things you should do for an 14 apology i
5、s readiness to 15 the responsibility(责任) for our careless mistakes. We are used to making excuses, which leaves no 16 for the other person to 17 us. Since most people are open-hearted, the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling 18 about themselves. That, after all, is the 19 of every apology.
6、 It 20 little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault: answering for one“s 21 encourages others to take their share of the blame.（分数：50.00）A.providedB.mixedC.comparedD.treatedA.dreamsB.coursesC.memoriesD.ideasA.sideB.groundC.wallD.bottomA.mindB.soulC.faceD.eyeA.imagineB.enjoyC.meanD
7、.regretA.usefulB.successfulC.equalD.basicA.pretendB.forgetC.refuseD.expectA.hold onB.put awayC.look throughD.pick upA.poorerB.weakerC.worseD.lowerA.faultB.reasonC.resultD.dutyA.cruellyB.freelyC.roughlyD.foolishlyA.mannersB.excusesC.effortsD.rolesA.activeB.effectiveC.extraD.easyA.raiseB.performC.admi
8、tD.bearA.situationB.needC.signD.roomA.adviseB.forgiveC.warnD.blameA.wiserB.warmerC.betterD.clevererA.purposeB.methodC.endD.advantageA.caresB.mattersC.dependsD.remainsA.factsB.statesC.rightsD.actions三、 Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Peter“s job was to examine cars when they crossed the frontier to make sure th
9、at they were not smuggling anything into the country. Every evening he would see a factory worker coming 1 the hill towards the frontier, 2 a bike with a pile of goods of old straw on it. When the bike 3 the frontier, Peter would stop the man and 4 him take the straw off and untie it. Then he would
10、examine the straw very 5 to see 6 he could find anything, after which he would look in all the man“s pockets 7 he let him tie the straw again. The man would then put it on his bike and go off down the hill with it. Although Peter was always 8 to find gold or other valuable things 9 in the straw, he
11、never found 10 . He was sure the man was 11 something, but he was not 12 to think out what it could be. Then one evening, after he had looked 13 the straw and emptied the worker“s pockets 14 usual, he 15 to him, “Listen, I know you are smuggling things 16 this frontier. Won“t you tell me what it is?
12、 I“m an old man, and today“s my last day on the 17 . Tomorrow I“m going to 18 . I promise I shall not tell 19 if you tell me what you“ve been smuggling.“ The worker did not say anything for 20 . Then he smiled, turned to Peter and said quietly, “Bikes.“（分数：20.00）A.towardsB.downC.toD.upA.fillingB.pul
13、lingC.pushingD.carryingA.arrivedB.appearedC.cameD.reachedA.askB.orderC.makeD.callA.carefullyB.quicklyC.silentlyD.horriblyA.thatB.whereC.howD.whetherA.beforeB.afterC.firstD.soA.luckyB.hopingC.thinkingD.wonderingA.had beenB.hiddenC.hidingD.have beenA.nothingB.somethingC.everythingD.anythingA.takingB.s
14、mugglingC.stealingD.pushingA.possibleB.strongC.ableD.cleverA.throughB.thoroughlyC.uponD.upA.likeB.moreC.thenD.asA.toldB.criedC.orderedD.saidA.crossB.pastC.acrossD.intoA.thingB.workC.jobD.dutyA.restB.backC.retireD.retreatA.everyoneB.anyoneC.no oneD.someoneA.momentB.long timeC.sometimeD.some time四、 Re
15、ading Comprehens(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Animals have different ways of protecting themselves against wintertime weather. Some animals grow heavy coats of fur or feathers, while others dig into the ground to find a warm wintertime home. Some animals spend the winter in a deep sleep because by going to sleep t
16、hey avoid the time of the year when food is scarce and the temperatures are low. Their sleep is known as hibernation. There is much about hibernation that puzzles scientists. For example, they are wondering how hibernation came into being. Some scientists have explored the possibility that animals r
17、elease a chemical that starts them hibernating. One thing that scientists are certain about is that animals hibernate only when it is cold. Hibernation is a seasonal practice. Some animals that fall into a wintertime sleep are not true hibernators because they spend only a part of the cold season as
18、leep. Bears, for example, can easily be awakened from their winter nap. They are not true hibernators. Sometimes it is difficult to determine whether a particular animal is a true hibernator. For example, some mice hibernate, but others do not. The same is true of bats. Some of them hibernate. Other
19、 do not.（分数：12.00）(1).Hibernation is a seasonal practice. This means it _.（分数：3.00）A.takes place only during a particular seasonB.occurs only during the nightC.is a daily practiceD.only happens when a species becomes over-populated(2).Some scientists believe that hibernation is started by _.（分数：3.00
20、）A.over-eatingB.calcium depositsC.a body chemicalD.a lack of water(3).The underlined word “hibernation“ in paragraph 1 means _.（分数：3.00）A.a sleep to avoid eatingB.a temperature in cold weatherC.a sleep in the cold seasonD.an animal to practice sleep in winter(4).The main idea of this passage is that
21、 _.（分数：3.00）A.many animals die during hibernationB.hibernation protects animals during the wintertimeC.scientists feel puzzled about hibernationD.some bats hibernate and others do notYou“ve probably had the experience of having someone fall in love with you when you didn“t feel the same way. In such
22、 a case it“s hard to know what to do. You don“t want to he so obvious in your efforts that you make an enemy of him. A friend of mine had this problem and handled it in the most tactful (得体的) way I“ve ever seen. Instead of telling her admirer directly, she devoted herself to introducing him to every
23、 girl she knew. Whenever she had a date with him, she arranged to drop in at the home of one of her girl friends. At last he clicked (一见如故) with one of these girls, and then everyone was happy. My friend was rid of a problem and she still had the young man as a friend, which was just what she wanted
24、 him to be. Of course this solution may not work for you. You may have your own way of dealing with the problem. But whatever you decide to do, keep one thing in mind-the boy in question has feelings every bit as sensitive as your own. So try to find a way of discouraging him without hurting him.（分数
25、：15.00）(1).The best title for this passage would be _.（分数：3.00）A.How to Make a FriendB.Problems of DatingC.Good Advice for GirlsD.How to Free Yourself from an Admirer(2).The author“s friend solved her problem by _.（分数：3.00）A.telling her admirer directlyB.keeping on dating with her admirerC.avoiding
26、meeting her admirer any moreD.bringing her admirer together with another girl and still having him as a friend(3).The author“s friend can best be described as _.（分数：3.00）A.selfishB.patientC.tactfulD.sympathetic(4).The author advises us to be _.（分数：3.00）A.friendly to everybodyB.considerate to othersC
27、.aware of man“s weaknessD.meet other“s demands(5).The main idea of this passage is _.（分数：3.00）A.it is likely to make an enemy of your admirerB.there are many solutions to the problems of datingC.an admirer has feeling every bit as sensitive as our ownD.it is possible to discourage an admirer without
28、 hurting his feelingsAmerica put more people in prison in the 1990s than in any decade in its history. That started a debate over the wisdom of spending billions of dollars to keep nearly 2 million people locked up. According to statistics, the United States ends 1999 with 1983084 men and women in p
29、risons. That shows an increase of nearly 840,000 prisoners during the 1990s and makes the United States the country with the highest prisoner population in the world. With the cost of housing a prisoner at about 20,000 a year the cost in 1999 for keeping all these prisoners behind bars is about 39 b
30、illion. Some experts argue that the money is well spent, saying the cost of keeping prisoners behind bars doesn“t seem much in comparison in the 1990s coincided with (与相一致) a steady drop in the US crime rates. It is reported that serious crime has decreased for seven years in a row. “There are notic
31、eable number of people who don“t do crimes because they don“t want to go to prison,“ they say.（分数：15.00）(1).There is a heated debate among American experts because _.（分数：3.00）A.America has put 2 million people in prisonB.the cost for housing a prisoner keeps risingC.billions of dollars has been spen
32、t on prisonersD.the prisoner population is the largest in the world(2).From the first paragraph, we learn that _.（分数：3.00）A.the number of prisoners in America is increasingB.America has the largest prison in the worldC.crime in America is getting much more seriousD.it is easy for a person to be lock
33、ed up in America(3).In 1999, the government spent about 39 billion to _.（分数：3.00）A.improve the prison conditionsB.keep men and women in prisonC.build houses for prisonersD.maintain the prisons(4).Some experts argue that the money is well spent because _.（分数：3.00）A.crime will cost more money to socie
34、tyB.the government can well afford the moneyC.the number of prisoners is not really largeD.prisoner population decreased in the 1990s(5).The author“s attitude towards the government“s policy is _.（分数：3.00）A.negativeB.doubtfulC.positiveD.unknownMost of the guests who come on our trips have never been
35、 to Egypt before. We want to make everyone comfortable and at ease, but we do always get the same questions in advance of a trip. So here I will give you some travel tips. What should I wear? If you“re lucky enough to visit Egypt between November and February, pack a sweater. You“ll need it the dese
36、rt gets chilly at night. During the day, the temperature will be agreeable and comfortable. Any other time, pack as if you“re going to Phoenix or Vegas in August. For the ladies, bathing suits are normal if there“s a pool where you“re going, but leave the string bikini at home it is a Muslim country
37、, after all. Last, if you are planning on visiting any mosques or certain parts of upper Egypt, ladies will need to plan on bringing something that comes at least to the elbow, and no shorts for men or women in those areas. What special things do I need to pack? One of my favorite things in the worl
38、d to bring to Egypt is an Evian Mister, a sprayer with a fine mist of Evian water. You may be able to find it in your local drug store. Spray a little on your face or head, and your body temperature will feel like it“s dropped 10 or 15 degrees. Other items include your camera, sun block and extra ba
39、tteries. How do I communicate with home? Internet cafes are plentiful everywhere, especially in Cairo, Luxor, and Alexandria. If you have international calling on your phone, you should be able to use it AT the sun gives us as much energy every miunte as mankind utilizes in a year. At present, we us
40、e this energy indirectly, and it is our final source of power. Coal represents the chemical action of the sun on green plants thousands of years ago. Water power results from the rain formed by vapor which comes from the evaporation of water under the sunshine. Even windmills operate because of air
41、currents set in motion by the different heating affects of the sun in different places. Some day, through chemistry or some type of solar engine, we shall harness this great source of energy more directly. Already a scientist has worked out an engine, surprisingly efficient, in which the sun“s rays
42、are concentrated through mirrors on a tube of water to create steam.（分数：12.00）(1).How much energy given off by the sun reaches the earth?（分数：3.00）A.100% but indirectly.B.5%.C.50%.D.only a very tiny amount.(2).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：3.00）A.Even windmill“s action depends on
43、the sun.B.The sun produces enormous energy for man to make use of.C.Some day man will be able to utilize 100% of the solar energy that gets to the earth.D.The sun produces different heating effects in different places.(3).In order to support this argument, the writer gives the example that _.（分数：3.0
44、0）A.a machine using solar energy efficiently has already been developedB.the sun is our final source of powerC.man uses only a tiny part of the sun“s energyD.the part of the sun“s energy we use is used indirectly(4).This passage centers mainly on _.（分数：3.00）A.harnessing energy through chemistryB.our
45、 last source of powerC.how water power is producedD.the amount of solar energy that can be utilizedWhatever you do, don“t challenge a chimpanzee named Ayumu to a number memory game. In 2007, Ayumu became famous for his lightning speed at a game that goes like this: A player views a computer screen w
46、here the numbers 1 through 9 appear briefly at once and then turn to white squares. The player then taps the squares where the numbers had been, in order from 1 to 9. People can do it. But no human competitor has ever completed the game faster or more accurately than Ayumu the chimp. For almost five
47、 years Ayumu remains undefeated. Psychologist Nicholas Humphrey of Darwin College at Cambridge University in England now thinks he knows the secret behind the chimp“s ability. Humphrey suspects Ayumu“s brain may have a condition that allows the chimp to see numbers as colors. This would mean that Ay
48、umu may see a color glow after the number disappears. Then, instead of remembering the numbers, he remembers a sequence of colors, each associated with a number. The condition that Humphrey believes Ayumu may have is called synesthesia. Humans with synesthesia may associate numbers and letters with
49、colors. For example, a person may see the number “5“ as the color blue. Until now, scientists had assumed only humans could have synesthesia. Humphrey found the inspiration for his idea at a 2011 scientific conference. There, he heard a presentation about Ayumu“s memory abilities and another talk about synesthesia. He then put the two ideas together. Not everyone is convinced that Humphrey is correct. Primatologist Tetsuro Matsuzawa of the Primate Research Institute at Kyoto University in Japa
