1、外语教学法自考题-4 及答案解析(总分：75.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1._ first used the term “communicative competence“ in deliberate contrast to Chomskys “linguistic competence“.A. Stern B. AsherC. Krashen D. Hymes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.American structuralism started in_. A. the early 20th century B. the late 20th century C. the earl
2、y 19th century D. the late 1930s and 40s（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The revolution in linguistic theory in the 1960s refers to the arrival of the _.A. Structuralist theory B. Communicative linguisticsC. Transformational-Generative linguistics D. Habit-formation theory（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The 1920s saw the emer
3、gence of a new psychological school called _ founded by a group of psychologists. A. cognitive psychology B. behaviourist psychology C. psychoanalysis D. Gestalt psychology（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Palmer and some other linguists of his time believed that _ played one of the most important roles in foreign
4、 language learning.A. grammar B. phoneticsC. vocabulary D. rhetoric（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.A variety of games, role-plays, situations, etc. are _ communicative activities prepared to support the Communicative Language Teaching.A. text-based B. task-basedC. game-based D. situation-based（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.
5、Which of the following dictionaries is a great contribution made by Hornby to EFL teaching?A. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English.B. The Concise Oxford Dictionary.C. Everymans English Pronouncing Dictionary.D. The Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The Direct M
6、ethod got its name from the assumption that meanings are to be connected directly with _, without going through the process of translating into the students native language.A. the first language B. the native languageC. the target language D. the learners language（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Noam Chomsky wrot
7、e the book _.A. LanguageB. Syntactic StructuresC. How to Teach a Foreign LanguageD. The Practical Study of Languages（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The Cognitive Approach gives importance to the learner s active part in the process of using and learning a language, particularly in the learning of_. A. rules of
8、spelling B. rules of word-formation C. rules of pronunciation D. rules of grammar（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Stimulus, response and reinforcement is behavioural psychology used in _in language teaching. A. the Direct Method B. the Natural Approach C. the Cognitive Approach D. the Audiolingual Method（分数：1.00
9、）A.B.C.D.12.The Grammar-Translation Method dominated foreign language teaching_. A. from mid-19th century to mid-20th century B. from 1920s to 1940s C. from the late 18th century to early 19th century D. from 1910s to 1930s（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Chomsky has made the distinction between linguistic compe
10、tence and_. A. linguistic performance B. communicative competence C. reading performance D. universal grammar（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.According to the Natural Approach,_ is not absolutely essential for language acquisition. A. writing B. reading C. speaking D. listening（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The Natural App
11、roach believes that the teaching of _ should be delayed until comprehension skills are established. A. listening B. speaking C. reading D. writing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16. 1 Method emphasizes on written language and memorization of grammatical rules.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_17. 1 and 2 are emphasized by the Oral
12、Approach.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_18.The 1 Method insists that only the target language should be used in class and meanings should be communicated “directly“ by associating speech forms with actions, objects, mime, gesture and situations.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_19.Notions, according to Van Ek and Alexander, are dom
13、ains in which we use 1 to express thought and feeling.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_20.The Audiolingual Method develops the separation of the language 1 into a pedagogical device, that is, listening, speaking, reading and writing.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_21.What the Chinese teachers and learners need is not blind applicat
14、ion of foreign methods, nor is electicism, but 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_22.The learning theory of Audiolingualism, an empirically based approach to the study of human behaviour, is 1 psychology.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_23.The Natural Approach considers 1 as the most important element of any language teaching progra
15、m.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_24.In the Grammar-Translation Method, the first language was maintained as the 1 system in the acquisition of the target language.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_25.Chomsky noted the distinction between linguistic 1 and linguistic performance.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_26.The Grammer-Translation Method belie
16、ves that grammar is the 1 of language, and language materials are arranged according to the grammar system.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_27.The Natural Approach believes that skills acquired through 1 transfer to other skills.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_28.The 1 Method uses translation and grammar study as the main teaching
17、and learning activities.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_29.The generative linguist is interested not only in 1 language but also in explaining language. In other words, they attempt to find the what as well as the why in the study of language.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_30.The Audiolingual Method uses 1 as the main form of lan
18、guage presentation and drills as the main training techniques.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_1) _ the Direct Method 2) _ the Audiolingual Method 3) _ the Oral Approach 4) _ the Communicative Approach 5) _ the Cognitive Approach a) cognitive psychology and transformational grammar b) Notional Syllabus or some other
19、 communicatively organized syllabus c) language acquisition and associationist psychology d) British “structuralism“ e) structural linguistics（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_31.Do you think that, in second language acquisition process, acquisition will continue to happen for adults? Why
20、or why not?（分数：5.00）_32.What language ability does Hymes “communicative competence“ refer to?（分数：5.00）_33.What is the basic theory of Gestalt psychology?（分数：5.00）_34.Could you please name any two of Daniel Jones works on English phonetics?（分数：5.00）_35.Is the Communicative Approach a useful one for a
21、ll proficiency levels, particularly for beginners?（分数：5.00）_36.What combination led to the Audiolingual Method widely adopted for teaching foreign languages?（分数：5.00）_37.How will you choose your teaching method in your future English teaching?（分数：5.00）_38.Why should an English teacher learn some the
22、ories of language and language learning? (Give some examples to illustrate your viewpoints)（分数：5.00）_外语教学法自考题-4 答案解析(总分：75.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1._ first used the term “communicative competence“ in deliberate contrast to Chomskys “linguistic competence“.A. Stern B. AsherC. Krashen D. Hymes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.
23、 解析：解析 交际能力(Communicative competence)是海姆斯为了把自己的交际语言观与乔姆斯基的语言能力理论相区别而创造出来的。交际能力不仅是指将语法规则用以构成语法正确的句子的能力，而且也包括知道在何时何地使用这些句子，以及用于何种对象的能力。而乔姆斯基的语言能力(Linguistic Competence)是话语者所具有的抽象语言能力的特征。2.American structuralism started in_. A. the early 20th century B. the late 20th century C. the early 19th century D
24、. the late 1930s and 40s（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 传统语言学兴起于早在公元前 5世纪，美国结构主义语言学始于 20世纪初，流行于 20世纪 30年代和 40年代，20 世纪 60年代乔姆斯基创立了转换生成语言学，同时代功能语言学派也兴盛起来，至今转换生成语言学和功能语言学是世界两大语言学阵营。3.The revolution in linguistic theory in the 1960s refers to the arrival of the _.A. Structuralist theory B. Communicative linguis
25、ticsC. Transformational-Generative linguistics D. Habit-formation theory（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 1957 年，乔姆斯基出版了他的专著句法结构，这本书及随之产生的一个新学派转换生成语言学，在语言学界掀起了一场革命。4.The 1920s saw the emergence of a new psychological school called _ founded by a group of psychologists. A. cognitive psychology B. behaviourist
26、psychology C. psychoanalysis D. Gestalt psychology（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 格式塔心理学产生于 20世纪 20年代，由德国心理学家韦特墨、考夫卡和勒文等人所创立。1890年弗洛伊德提出精神分析的心理学理论，1913 年美国心理学家华生发表了题为行为主义者眼中的心理学被认为是将行为主义正式引入心理学领域，直到 20世纪 60年代，行为主义开始从其支配地位走下坡路，其地位逐渐被一种新的认知心理学所取代，代表人物皮亚杰和乔姆斯基。5.Palmer and some other linguists of his time beli
27、eved that _ played one of the most important roles in foreign language learning.A. grammar B. phoneticsC. vocabulary D. rhetoric（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 帕尔默和当时其他的一些语言学家都认为词汇在外语学习中的地位非常重要。6.A variety of games, role-plays, situations, etc. are _ communicative activities prepared to support the Communic
28、ative Language Teaching.A. text-based B. task-basedC. game-based D. situation-based（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 交际法当前使用的教材主要有三种，它们分别是篇章型、任务型和实物型。任务型教材为了配合交际法教学，设计了各种各样的游戏、角色表演、模仿和任务型的交际活动。7.Which of the following dictionaries is a great contribution made by Hornby to EFL teaching?A. Longman Dictionary of
29、 Contemporary English.B. The Concise Oxford Dictionary.C. Everymans English Pronouncing Dictionary.D. The Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 霍恩比在分析英语语言时，将其主要语法结构分成若干种可以用来进行口头练习的句型。这种句型分类被写进了 1953年出版的当代高级英语学生词典，这是为学英语的外国学生编写的第一本英语词典。8.The Direct Method got its nam
30、e from the assumption that meanings are to be connected directly with _, without going through the process of translating into the students native language.A. the first language B. the native languageC. the target language D. the learners language（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 直接法之所以被称为直接法，是由于它认为应当把想表达的意思和
31、目标语直接联系起来，而不要先转换成母语这个过程。9.Noam Chomsky wrote the book _.A. LanguageB. Syntactic StructuresC. How to Teach a Foreign LanguageD. The Practical Study of Languages（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 乔姆斯基是转换生成语言学的创始人，1957 年他出版了他的专著句法结构(Syntactic Stractures)，这本书在语言学界掀起了一场革命。语言(Language)的作者是美国结构主义语言学之父布鲁姆菲尔德。如何教外语(How
32、 to Teach a Foreign Language)的作者是叶斯帕森。语言的实用研究(The Practical Study of Languages)的作者是斯威特。10.The Cognitive Approach gives importance to the learner s active part in the process of using and learning a language, particularly in the learning of_. A. rules of spelling B. rules of word-formation C. rules o
33、f pronunciation D. rules of grammar（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：11.Stimulus, response and reinforcement is behavioural psychology used in _in language teaching. A. the Direct Method B. the Natural Approach C. the Cognitive Approach D. the Audiolingual Method（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 听说法的学习理论基础是行为主义心理学，行为主义心理学
34、认为刺激(stimulus)、反应(response)和强化(reinforcement)是三个重要的概念，语言是一套语言习惯，这种语言习惯是通过确认并强化刺激与反应之间的联系而形成的。A 直接法的学习理论基础是联想主义心理学(associationist psychology)，B 自然法的学习理论基础是克拉申的自我监测模式(Monitor Model)，C 认知法的学习理论基础是认知心理学(cognitive psychology)。12.The Grammar-Translation Method dominated foreign language teaching_. A. from
35、 mid-19th century to mid-20th century B. from 1920s to 1940s C. from the late 18th century to early 19th century D. from 1910s to 1930s（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 语法翻译法始于 18世纪末到 19世纪初，直接法贯穿 19世纪末到 20世纪初，口语法兴盛于 20世纪二三十年代，接着是听说法产生于 20世纪 50年代中期，认知法产生于 20世纪 60年代，自然法在 20世纪 70年代被提出，70 年代后期交际法产生。13.Chomsky has
36、 made the distinction between linguistic competence and_. A. linguistic performance B. communicative competence C. reading performance D. universal grammar（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 乔姆斯基把人类语言划分为语言能力(Linguistic competence)和语言行为(Linguistic performance)，语言能力指的是说母语的人所具有的母语知识；语言表达能力是指母语使用者说出的具体话。选项 B交际能力(Co
37、mmunicative Competence)是海姆斯(Hymes)为了把自己的交际语言观与乔姆斯基的语言能力理论相区别而创造出来的，不仅是指乔姆斯基所说的语言能力，而且也包括知道在何时何地使用这些句子，以及用于何种对象的能力。选项 D是乔姆斯基另一个重要观点，他认为儿童的大脑里生来就有一个语言习得机制(LAD)，这一机制由一套通用语法规则组成，被称为通用语法(Universal grammar)。14.According to the Natural Approach,_ is not absolutely essential for language acquisition. A. wri
38、ting B. reading C. speaking D. listening（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 自然法认为语言习得中说的作用并不重要。人们习得语言是通过他们听到(或读到)和理解到的语言内容，而不是通过说。15.The Natural Approach believes that the teaching of _ should be delayed until comprehension skills are established. A. listening B. speaking C. reading D. writing（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.
39、解析：解析 自然法强调语言理解的核心，并认为只有具备了理解能力才能教授说的技能。16. 1 Method emphasizes on written language and memorization of grammatical rules.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Grammar-translation）解析：解析 语法翻译法中语法被看作是语言的核心，阅读和写作(reading and writing)是教学的重点，母语成了主要中介语言，主要教学实践都是用目标语言进行翻译(translation)，句子是语言教学的基本单位，并且要求学生记忆(Memorization)两
40、种语言对应的词汇表和语法规则。17. 1 and 2 are emphasized by the Oral Approach.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Vocabulary, grammar）解析：解析 口语法强调词汇在外语学习中的重要地位，其教学目标也重在语法结构的分析，是以语法为基础(grammar-based)的教学法，语法与词汇按难易程度分层次(Principles of grammatical and lexical gradation)教学，而新的语言点通过有意义的情景活动(meaningful situation-based activities)得到展示与练
41、习。18.The 1 Method insists that only the target language should be used in class and meanings should be communicated “directly“ by associating speech forms with actions, objects, mime, gesture and situations.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Direct）解析：解析 直接法要求在课堂教学中只用目标语进行教学，利用动作、实物、表情、手势和情景来“直接”表达语言的意义，认为应当把想表
42、达的意思和目标语直接联系起来，而不要先转换成母语这个过程。19.Notions, according to Van Ek and Alexander, are domains in which we use 1 to express thought and feeling.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：language）解析：解析 按照范埃克和亚历山大的观点，意念既抽象又具体。抽象的意念指的是存在、空间、时间、数量、质量等抽象概念。人们总是在这些范畴内用语言来表达自己的思想和情感。20.The Audiolingual Method develops the separatio
43、n of the language 1 into a pedagogical device, that is, listening, speaking, reading and writing.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：skills）解析：解析 根据结构主义语言学和行为主义心理学的理论，听说法把语言分成听、说、读、写四种技能。21.What the Chinese teachers and learners need is not blind application of foreign methods, nor is electicism, but 1.（分数：1.00）
44、填空项 1:_ （正确答案：judgement）解析：解析 中国英语教学界的人们在努力寻求一种既有科学根据又符合中国国情，能满足中国教师和学生需要的方法。这种需要不是盲目的照搬(blind applications)，也不是折中(electisism)，而是判断(judgment)。22.The learning theory of Audiolingualism, an empirically based approach to the study of human behaviour, is 1 psychology.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：behavioral）解析
45、：解析 听说法的学习理论是行为主义心理学。行为主义心理学是一种以实验的方法研究人类行为的科学。23.The Natural Approach considers 1 as the most important element of any language teaching program.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：input）解析：解析 语言输入假设试图回答了人们是如何习惯语言这一关键的问题。这一假设认为人们习得语言的唯一途径理解信息，即接受“可理解的输入”。自然法认为语言输入(input)是任何一种语言教学大纲中最重要的部分。24.In the Grammar-Translation Method, the first language was maintained
