1、现代英语语法自考题-21 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART ONE/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、B单项选择题/B(总题数：19，分数：19.00)1.The eggs are sold _ dozens. A. on B. in C. by D. for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Some people show an indifference _ changes in the weather. A. to B. for C. with D. by（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.I have no objection _ his st
2、aying in the library as long as he keeps silent. A. of B. in C. against D. to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4._ the two books, she also brought a dictionary. A. In addition B. Besides C. Except D. With（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Pay attention _ details? A. to B. for C. with D. in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Smith took to _ after hi
3、s wife died. A. drink B. being drunk C. drinking D. have drunk（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.I waited half an hour for my friend, but he didnt _. A. turn in B. turn off C. turn up D. turn over（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.If he can _ smoking for months, his health will improve. A. keep up B. keep up with C. keep off D. ke
4、ep from（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.It is a good habit to _ new words in the dictionary. A. look through B. look like C. look out D. look up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.It was several minutes before I _ what was happening. A. was lost in thought B. was aware of C. was in grateful for D. was in good temper（分数：1.00）A.B.
5、C.D.11.A new war broke _ between the two countries. A. out B. down C. up D. off（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.I must apologize _ not answering your letter in time. A. from B. for C. due to D. as a result of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The children were left _ an aunt. A. in the event of B. in the pay of C. in the wake
6、of D. in the care of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The office has to be shut down _ funds. A. being a lack of B. from lack of C. to a lack of D. for lack of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The modern circus owes its name _ the amusement of ancient times. A. to B. by C. through D. at（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.I look forward _ you.
7、 A. to see B. to be seeing C. to have seen D. to seeing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.Nowadays, millions of people die _ cancer. A. from B. at C. for D. of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.It is no use crying _ spilt milk. A. over B. on C. to D. for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.All the candidates passed the written test _ the excepti
8、on of John. A. on B. for C. in D. with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、BPART TWO/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、B改错题/B(总题数：14，分数：28.00)20.She is dressed of white.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_21.Id like some more paper to write.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_22.We were caught with a shower.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_23.The text is too long for us to learn with hear
9、t.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_24.Take it easy. You know the effect of the drug will wear off four hours later.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_25.She said she was afraid at her father.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_26.After to prepare the dinner, Mike will read a book.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_27.He is known by everyone as a good actor.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_
10、28.You can depend in Henry if you want the job done correctly.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_29.My book is different than yours.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_30.Your application form has been filled incorrectly.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_31.Youll get on trouble if youre careless like that.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_32.Mary was looked down by her nei
11、ghbours.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_33.Yesterday John went to see a house in a view to buying it.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_五、B改写句子/B(总题数：1，分数：14.00)Using prepositional phrases introduced by the word given in brackets:（分数：14.00）(1).As he knew the mountainous country, Charles Lee was appointed as our guide. (on account of)
12、（分数：2.00）_(2).If it werent for his sisters money, Harry would never be a doctor. (without)（分数：2.00）_(3).There was clear scientific evidence, but people still refused to believe that cigarette smoking was dangerous. (in spite of)（分数：2.00）_(4).The way of her keeping health is to jog every day. (by)（分数
13、：2.00）_(5).A re you sure that Simon has disappointed? (about)（分数：2.00）_(6).The proposal that we should take better care of child health was rejected. (concerning)（分数：2.00）_(7).He worked so well that he astonished every one of us. (to)（分数：2.00）_六、B简答题/B(总题数：7，分数：39.00)34.What criterion do we use to d
14、ifferentiate complex prepositions from free prepositional phrases? Is there a clear-cut distinction between them? Why or why not?（分数：7.00）_35.What are the functions of prepositions?（分数：7.00）_36.What are the distinctions between “between“ and “among“?（分数：5.00）_37.Explain the types of prepositions rel
15、ating to place and the types of prepositions relating to time.（分数：5.00）_38.Point out instances of the durative and non-durative uses of prepositions with reference to temporal relations.（分数：5.00）_39.What other relations, apart from spatial and temporal, can prepositions indicate?（分数：5.00）_40.How man
16、y appendices are there in collocations involving prepositions?（分数：5.00）_现代英语语法自考题-21 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART ONE/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、B单项选择题/B(总题数：19，分数：19.00)1.The eggs are sold _ dozens. A. on B. in C. by D. for（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 译文：这些鸡蛋是按打出售的。dozen 意为打，即十二个。按打(卖，装订)可用 in dozens 或 by t
17、he dozen，为固定用法。答案为 B。2.Some people show an indifference _ changes in the weather. A. to B. for C. with D. by（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 译文：一些人对天气变化漠不关心。indifference to sth./sb. 意为“对漠不关心，冷淡”，是固定用法，其他三项没有这种用法。答案为 A。3.I have no objection _ his staying in the library as long as he keeps silent. A. of B. in
18、C. against D. to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 译文：只要他保持安静，我不反对他待在图书馆。objection to sth./doing sth. 意为“反对”，是固定用法，其中 to 是介词。答案为 D。4._ the two books, she also brought a dictionary. A. In addition B. Besides C. Except D. With（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 译文：除了这两本书，她还买了一本字典。in addition to 意为“除之外(还有)，另外”，A 项缺少介词 to，是错误
19、的；besides 意为“除了(还有)”，包含其后的内容；except 意为“除了”，不包括其后的内容；with 意为“拥有，携带”。根据题意知此处是包含着两本书。答案为 B。5.Pay attention _ details? A. to B. for C. with D. in（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 译文：注意这些细节了吗?pay attention to sth. 意为“注意”，是固定用法，其中to 是介词，其后接名词或相当于名词的短语。答案为 A。6.Smith took to _ after his wife died. A. drink B. being d
20、runk C. drinking D. have drunk（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 译文：妻子去世后，他养成了酗酒的习惯。take to 意为“喜欢，形成习惯”，to 是介词，其后接名词或相当于名词的短语作介词宾语。Smith 和 drink 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，drink 要用主动语态。答案为 C。7.I waited half an hour for my friend, but he didnt _. A. turn in B. turn off C. turn up D. turn over（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 译文：我等了朋友一个
21、小时，但是他一直没有出现。turn in 意为“上交，归还”；turn off 意为“关掉(电器等)”；turn up 意为“出现”；turn over 意为“翻倒，倾覆”。答案为 C。8.If he can _ smoking for months, his health will improve. A. keep up B. keep up with C. keep off D. keep from（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 译文：如果他能坚持戒烟几个月，他的健康状况将会有所好转。keep up 意为“保持，(使)不停止”；keep up with 意为“跟上，和保持联
22、系”；keep off 意为“(使)不接近，挡开”；keep from 意为“避开，克制”。答案为 D。9.It is a good habit to _ new words in the dictionary. A. look through B. look like C. look out D. look up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 译文：从字典里查阅生词是一个好习惯。look through 意为“浏览”；look like 意为“看起来像”；look out 意为“当心”；look up 意为“仰视，查阅”。答案为 D。10.It was several min
23、utes before I _ what was happening. A. was lost in thought B. was aware of C. was in grateful for D. was in good temper（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 译文：过了好几分钟以后我才意识到发生了什么。be lost in thought 意为“沉思”；be aware of 意为“意识到”；be grateful for 意为“为而感谢”；be in good temper 意为“脾气好”。答案为 B。11.A new war broke _ between the
24、 two countries. A. out B. down C. up D. off（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 译文：两国之间爆发了一场新的战争。break out 意为“爆发，突然发生”；break down意为“损坏，瓦解”；break up 意为“解散，使粉碎”；break off 意为“中止，突然停止”。答案为A。12.I must apologize _ not answering your letter in time. A. from B. for C. due to D. as a result of（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 译文：我
25、必须为没能及时给你回信而道歉。apologize for doing/not doing sth. 意为“为做/不做某事而道歉”，是固定搭配；due to 意为“因为，由于”；as a result of 意为“由于，因为”。答案为 B。13.The children were left _ an aunt. A. in the event of B. in the pay of C. in the wake of D. in the care of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 译文：这些孩子留给了一位阿姨照顾。in the event of 意为“如果发生”；in the
26、pay of 意为“受雇于”；in the wake of 意为“尾随(而至)，效仿，在之后”；in the care of 意为“在的照顾下”。答案为 D。14.The office has to be shut down _ funds. A. being a lack of B. from lack of C. to a lack of D. for lack of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 译文：由于资金短缺，办事处不得不关闭了。lack 用作名词时，表示“缺乏、不足”，是不可数名词；表示“缺少的东西；需要的东西”时，是可数名词。根据题意知此处指的是“缺乏，不足”，
27、是不可数名词，A 和 C 错；for lack of 表示“由于缺乏”，表原因。答案为 D。15.The modern circus owes its name _ the amusement of ancient times. A. to B. by C. through D. at（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 译文：现代马戏团的名字来源于古代的娱乐活动。owe sth. to sth. 意为“把归因于；来源于”，是固定搭配。答案为 A。16.I look forward _ you. A. to see B. to be seeing C. to have seen D.
28、 to seeing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 译文：我盼望看到你。look forward to doing sth. 意为“期望做某事”，是固定搭配，其中 to 是介词，其后要接动名词作介词宾语。答案为 D。17.Nowadays, millions of people die _ cancer. A. from B. at C. for D. of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 译文：如今，有数百万人死于癌症。die of 一般用于害病，疲劳，寒冷，饥渴，年老，失望，悲伤等原因造成死亡；die from 常用于由于外部创伤或间接的原因致死，如由于衰弱，
29、饮食过度，劳累或不明原因致死。答案为 D。18.It is no use crying _ spilt milk. A. over B. on C. to D. for（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 译文：别为打翻的牛奶哭泣/覆水难收。cry over split milk 意为“作于事无补的担忧”，是英语惯用法。答案为 A。19.All the candidates passed the written test _ the exception of John. A. on B. for C. in D. with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 译文：除了约翰
30、，所有的考生都通过了笔试。其中 with the exception of 为固定搭配，表示“除了”。答案为 D。三、BPART TWO/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、B改错题/B(总题数：14，分数：28.00)20.She is dressed of white.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：ofin）解析：解析 译文：她穿着白色的衣服。be dressed in 意为“穿(颜色)的衣服”，是固定用法。答案为 ofin。21.Id like some more paper to write.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：writewrite on）解析
31、：解析 译文：我想要更多的纸用来书写。分析句意知 some more paper 表示 write 的方位，即write on some more paper，当 some more paper 提前作 like 的宾语时，write 后面的介词 on 仍然要保留。答案为 writewrite on。22.We were caught with a shower.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：within）解析：解析 译文：我们遭遇了大雨。be caught in 意为“遭遇到，遇到”，是固定用法。答案为within。23.The text is too long for us
32、 to learn with heart.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：withby）解析：解析 译文：这篇文章对于我们来说太长了，很难背诵。learn by heart 意为“背诵，记住，默记”，是固定搭配。答案为 withby。24.Take it easy. You know the effect of the drug will wear off four hours later.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：four hours laterin four hours）解析：解析 译文：别担心，药效会在四个小时内挥发掉的。“在将来一段时间之后”通常用介词
33、 in 来表示。答案为 four hours laterin four hours。25.She said she was afraid at her father.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：atof）解析：解析 译文：她说她很怕她父亲。害怕某人用 be afraid of sb.，为固定搭配。答案为 atof。26.After to prepare the dinner, Mike will read a book.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：to preparepreparing）解析：解析 译文：准备好晚饭后，麦克就会看书。题干中的 after 在此
34、用作介词，后接名词或相当于名词的短语作整个句子的时间状语，题干中的 prepare 要用动名词形式 preparing。答案为 to preparepreparing。27.He is known by everyone as a good actor.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：byto）解析：解析 译文：众所周知，他是一名优秀的演员。be known to.意为“某物或者某人被人所熟知”；be known as.意为“作为出名”，be known by.意为“通过知道”，都是固定搭配。根据题意知前面要用 to 表示被人知晓。答案为 byto。28.You can depe
35、nd in Henry if you want the job done correctly.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：inon）解析：解析 译文：如果你想顺利地完成工作，你可以依靠亨利。depend on 意为“依靠”，是固定用法。答案为 inon。29.My book is different than yours.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：thanfrom）解析：解析 译文：我的书和你的不同。be different from 意为“与不同”，是固定用法。答案为 thanfrom。30.Your application form has been
36、filled incorrectly.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：filledfilled in）解析：解析 译文：你的申请表填得不正确。分析句子结构知本题用的是被动语态，句子的主语实际上是谓语动词 filled 的逻辑宾语，而 fill 用作“填满”之意时，是不及物动词，要接介词 in 后再接宾语，即 filled in your application form。答案为 filledfilled in。31.Youll get on trouble if youre careless like that.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：oninto）解析：解
37、析 译文：如果你像那样粗心，你会惹麻烦的。get into trouble 意为“使自己或他人陷入困境”，是固定用法。答案为 oninto。32.Mary was looked down by her neighbours.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：look downlook down upon/on）解析：解析 译文：玛丽的邻居们瞧不起她。look down upon/on sb. 意为“看不起某人，轻视某人”，是固定用法。答案为 look downlook down upon/on。33.Yesterday John went to see a house in a v
38、iew to buying it.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：inwith）解析：解析 译文：昨天，约翰带着想买房的目的去看了一个房子。with a viewr of 为固定搭配，意为“以为目的”。因此原句中的 in a view 的搭配是错误的。答案为 inwith。五、B改写句子/B(总题数：1，分数：14.00)Using prepositional phrases introduced by the word given in brackets:（分数：14.00）(1).As he knew the mountainous country, Charles Lee
39、was appointed as our guide. (on account of)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(On account of his knowledge of the mountainous country, Charles Lee was appointed as our guide.)解析：解析 译文：因为查理斯李对山区很熟悉，他被指派当我们的向导。本题是由 as 引导的原因状语从句，也可用 on account of(因为，由于)，但是其后必须接名词短语，题干中的 know 对应的名词是knowledge。答案为 On account of his knowledge
40、 of the mountainous country, Charles Lee was appointed as our guide.(2).If it werent for his sisters money, Harry would never be a doctor. (without)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(Without his sisters money, Harry would never be a doctor.)解析：解析 译文：如果没有哈里的妹妹的钱，哈里是不可能成为医生的。根据句意知本题是对现在的情况进行相反的假设。without 意为“没有”，后接名词作介词宾语。答案为 Without his sisters money, Harry would never be a doctor.(3).There was clear scientific evidence, but people still refused to believe that cigarette smoking was dangerous. (in spite of)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(In spite of clear scientific evidence, people still refuse
