1、英汉翻译教程自考题-3 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)A1.I did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for me.( )A我不知道今后等待着我的是什么，会使我欣喜，还是惊骇。B我不知道今后会是怎样，会是欣喜，还是惊讶。C我不知道未来是否会给我带来欣喜或惊骇。D我不知道未来的我将会是欣喜的还是惊骇的。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.The grammar schools legally could only teach the classical subjects for which the
2、y have been founded.( )A按规定教授语法的学校只能讲授古典学科，这些学校的办学宗旨本来就是如此。B按规定文法学校只能讲授班级的主题，这些学校的办学宗旨本来就是如此。C按规定文法学校只能讲授古典学科，这些学校的办学宗旨本来就是如此。D按规定文法学校只能讲授古典学科，这些学校建立时就是这样了。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.The devastating floods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax of suffering on the fellahin no longer occur.( )A那些毁灭性的水旱灾害曾
3、经不断地给农民施加赋税，现在已经不再发生了。B过去给农民带来灾难的水旱灾害，现在不再发生了。C那些严重的水旱灾害曾经不断地给农民施加赋税，现在已经不加税了。D过去给农民带来灾难的水旱灾害，现在已经没有灾害了。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.The city is separated from its suburbs by extensive areas of park lands.( )A市区被分为郊区和大片公园区。B市区被郊区分为大片公园区。C郊区从市区那儿分开，有一大片公园。D市区与郊区之间有大片公园区。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.Often property damage
4、 and disrupted lives result.( )A往往是财产损失造成了对生活的影响。B结果往往是财产遭损失，生活受影响。C往往是生活受到影响，导致财产遭受损失。D往往是财产遭损失，生活受影响出现了其他结果。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.卫婆子叫她祥林嫂，说是自己母家的邻舍。( )A. Old Mrs. Wei called her Xianglins Wife, a neighbour of her mothers family.B. Old Mrs. Wei introduced her as Xianglins Wife, a neighbour of her mot
5、her.C. Old Mrs. Wei introduced her as Xianglins Wife, and says that she was a neighbour of her mothers family.D. Old Mrs. Wei introduced her as Xianglins Wife, a neighbour of her mothers family.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.每天天不亮戴着星星去排队。( )A. We had to queue up before dawn when there were still stars in the sk
6、y.B. We had to queue up before dawn and wear the stars.C. We had to wear the stars to queue up before dawn.D. Everyday when the sky is not bright, we will go and queue up while the stars were still in the sky.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.中国海域已经开发的渔场面积达 81.8万平方海里。( )A. The fishing grounds that have been develo
7、ped in Chinas sea areas cover 81,800 square nautical miles.B. The fishing grounds that have been developed in Chinas sea areas cover 818,000 nautical miles.C. The fishing grounds that have been developed in Chinas sea areas cover 818,000 square nautical miles.D. The fishing grounds that have been de
8、veloped in China cover 818,000 square nautical miles.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.合营各方按注册资本比例分享利润和分担风险及亏损。( )A. The parties to the venture shall share the profits, risks and losses according to their contributions to the registered capital.B. The parties to the venture shall share the profits, risks and losse
9、s in proportion to their contributions to the registered capital.C. The parties to the venture shall share the profits, risks and losses in proportion to their contributions to the capital.D. The parties to the venture shall share the profits, risks in proportion to their contributions to the regist
10、ered capital.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.哈佛为增进中美两国人民的相互了解做出了有益的贡献。( )A. Harvard has made useful contribution to enhance mutual understanding between the Chinese and American peoples.B. Harvard has made useful contribution to the enhanced understanding between the Chinese and American peoples.C. Harvard has
11、made useful contribution to the enhanced mutual understanding between the Chinese and American peoples.D. Harvard has give useful contribution to enhance mutual understanding between the Chinese and American peoples.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.B11.下面哪种表述是正确的( )A我国的翻译事业最初是从佛经翻译开始的B我国的翻译事业最初是从科技翻译开始的C我国的翻译事业最初是从
12、文学翻译开始的D我国的翻译事业最初是从文献翻译开始的（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.下列哪种说法是最恰当的( )A好的译文在形式上是忠实的，在语言上是通顺的，在风格上是得体的B好的译文在内容上是忠实的，在语法上是通顺的，在风格上是得体的C好的译文在内容上是忠实的，在语言上是通顺的，在风格上是得体的D好的译文在风格上是忠实的，在语言上是通顺的，在内容上是得体的（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.下列哪一位说过“正确的翻译是直译，也就是意译”，并指出“正确的翻译是分不出直译和意译的”。( )A周建人 B林汉达C周树人 D郭沫若（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.下列哪一位在论演说术
13、中提到“I did not think it necessary to translate word for word, I preserved the general style and force of the language. ”( )A西塞罗 B奈达C泰特勒 D哲罗姆（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.就翻译的上下文而言，从狭义上讲，以下哪种表述是正确的( )A狭义上下文可以分为句群上下文和文体上下文B狭义上下文可以分为段落上下文和词汇上下文C狭义上下文可以分为风格上下文和内容上下文D狭义上下文可以分为句法上下文和词汇上下文（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.A16.full me
14、mbers（分数：1.00）_17.rocking chair（分数：1.00）_18.cottage industry（分数：1.00）_19.stock raising（分数：1.00）_20.eight-tenths（分数：1.00）_21.watchtower（分数：1.00）_22.off-shore oil exploration（分数：1.00）_ income（分数：1.00）_24.multilateral disciplines（分数：1.00）_25.finite stock（分数：1.00）_B26.最高境界（分数：1.00）_27.福利工厂（分数：1.00）_28.全
15、国范围（分数：1.00）_29.单位面积产量（分数：1.00）_30.游记（分数：1.00）_31.试工期（分数：1.00）_32.拾烟头（分数：1.00）_33.长期战略任务（分数：1.00）_34.归根到底（分数：1.00）_35.外汇账户（分数：1.00）_A36.原文：He would do anything he was asked to do but return to his old life.译文：只要能回到旧的生活里去，派他做什么工作都行。改译：（分数：2.00）_37.原文：He laughed and he said “a little bit“ measuring wi
16、th his finger and thumb.译文：他笑了，说道“一点点”，同时用大拇指和食指测量着。改译：（分数：2.00）_38.原文：Built in the early fifteenth century, it is also called the Palace Museum.译文：早在 15世纪，它就被建成了，也被人称为故宫博物院。改译：（分数：2.00）_39.原文：In the last decade, telephone connections rose more than 60%.译文：在过去 10年中，电话连接增加到了 60%。改译：（分数：2.00）_40.原文：It
17、 is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes.译文：告诉成人和孩子们，让他们别犯错误是没用的。改译：（分数：2.00）_B41.原文：我从头到脚淋成了落汤鸡了。译文：1 was drenched from head to foot like a chick in the soup.改译：（分数：2.00）_42.原文：中国的海域处在中、低纬度地带，自然环境和资源条件比较优越。译文：Located in medium and low longitudes, Chinas sea areas have comparatively
18、 advantageous natural environmental and source conditions.改译：（分数：2.00）_43.原文：中国是一个发展中的沿海大国。译文：China is a big developed coastal country.改译：（分数：2.00）_44.原文：五四运动是反帝国主义的运动，又是反封建的运动。译文：The May 4th Movement was an imperialist as well as a feudal movement.改译：（分数：2.00）_45.原文：审查批准机关应在三个月内决定批准或不批准。译文：The exam
19、ination and approval authorities shall decide to approve and disapprove the venture after three months.改译：（分数：2.00）_A46.As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people, the American people are a great people. If our two people are enemies the future of this world we share together i
20、s dark indeed. But if we can find common ground to work together, the chance for world peace is immeasurably increased.（分数：15.00）_B47.目前，中国的粮食单产水平与世界粮食高产国家相比也是比较低的，中国要在短时间内达到粮食高产国家的水平难度较大，但经过努力是完全可以缩小差距的。通过改造中低产田、兴修水利、扩大灌溉面积、推厂先进适用技术等工程和生物措施，可使每公顷产量提高 1,500公斤以上。（分数：15.00）_英汉翻译教程自考题-3 答案解析(总分：100.00，
21、做题时间：90 分钟)A1.I did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for me.( )A我不知道今后等待着我的是什么，会使我欣喜，还是惊骇。B我不知道今后会是怎样，会是欣喜，还是惊讶。C我不知道未来是否会给我带来欣喜或惊骇。D我不知道未来的我将会是欣喜的还是惊骇的。（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 这句话的翻译注意三个关键词和短语：what，held 和 marvel or surprise。what 在这里指“那件东西，那件事，那种情况”，hold 体现了未来的一种状态。marvel or surpr
22、ise 欣喜或惊骇。另外一点就是整句话的结构，应该符合中文表达习惯。B 项中没有译出 for me；C，D 两项所表达的意思不符合原句。2.The grammar schools legally could only teach the classical subjects for which they have been founded.( )A按规定教授语法的学校只能讲授古典学科，这些学校的办学宗旨本来就是如此。B按规定文法学校只能讲授班级的主题，这些学校的办学宗旨本来就是如此。C按规定文法学校只能讲授古典学科，这些学校的办学宗旨本来就是如此。D按规定文法学校只能讲授古典学科，这些学校建立
23、时就是这样了。（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 翻译这句话需要注意：grammar school 文法学校，而不是指教语法的学校；classical subjects古典学科，而不是班级主题；另外 for which表明这些学校建立的目的，即办学宗旨。3.The devastating floods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax of suffering on the fellahin no longer occur.( )A那些毁灭性的水旱灾害曾经不断地给农民施加赋税，现在已经不再发生了。B过去给农民带来灾难的水旱灾害，现在
24、不再发生了。C那些严重的水旱灾害曾经不断地给农民施加赋税，现在已经不加税了。D过去给农民带来灾难的水旱灾害，现在已经没有灾害了。（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 tax 是一种形象的说法，而不是税收，tax of suffering 表现出灾害给农民们带来的严重影响。no longer occur 是指这些灾难不再发生了。4.The city is separated from its suburbs by extensive areas of park lands.( )A市区被分为郊区和大片公园区。B市区被郊区分为大片公园区。C郊区从市区那儿分开，有一大片公园。D市区与郊区之
25、间有大片公园区。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 D 项的表达最符合原句的意思。5.Often property damage and disrupted lives result.( )A往往是财产损失造成了对生活的影响。B结果往往是财产遭损失，生活受影响。C往往是生活受到影响，导致财产遭受损失。D往往是财产遭损失，生活受影响出现了其他结果。（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 result 一词在这句话中是动词，前面的两个并列短语是导致的结果。6.卫婆子叫她祥林嫂，说是自己母家的邻舍。( )A. Old Mrs. Wei called her Xianglins W
26、ife, a neighbour of her mothers family.B. Old Mrs. Wei introduced her as Xianglins Wife, a neighbour of her mother.C. Old Mrs. Wei introduced her as Xianglins Wife, and says that she was a neighbour of her mothers family.D. Old Mrs. Wei introduced her as Xianglins Wife, a neighbour of her mothers fa
27、mily.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 D 选项为正确答案，语言简洁，原句含义翻译得到位。7.每天天不亮戴着星星去排队。( )A. We had to queue up before dawn when there were still stars in the sky.B. We had to queue up before dawn and wear the stars.C. We had to wear the stars to queue up before dawn.D. Everyday when the sky is not bright, we will go
28、 and queue up while the stars were still in the sky.（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 B，C 两项均把“戴着星星”的含义理解错了，并不是指佩戴，天空中还能看见星星，天还没亮。D 项“天不亮”翻译不当。故选 A。8.中国海域已经开发的渔场面积达 81.8万平方海里。( )A. The fishing grounds that have been developed in Chinas sea areas cover 81,800 square nautical miles.B. The fishing grounds that h
29、ave been developed in Chinas sea areas cover 818,000 nautical miles.C. The fishing grounds that have been developed in Chinas sea areas cover 818,000 square nautical miles.D. The fishing grounds that have been developed in China cover 818,000 square nautical miles.（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 A 项数字翻译错误；B
30、 项没有翻译“平方”；D 项没有译出“海域”；故选 C。9.合营各方按注册资本比例分享利润和分担风险及亏损。( )A. The parties to the venture shall share the profits, risks and losses according to their contributions to the registered capital.B. The parties to the venture shall share the profits, risks and losses in proportion to their contributions to
31、the registered capital.C. The parties to the venture shall share the profits, risks and losses in proportion to their contributions to the capital.D. The parties to the venture shall share the profits, risks in proportion to their contributions to the registered capital.（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 这个译题涉
32、及法律术语的翻译，法律文件的翻译一定要准确，文中注意三个关键点“按比例”，“注册资本”，“分享利润和分担风险及亏损”A，C，D 分别将这三点漏译或错译。故应选 B。10.哈佛为增进中美两国人民的相互了解做出了有益的贡献。( )A. Harvard has made useful contribution to enhance mutual understanding between the Chinese and American peoples.B. Harvard has made useful contribution to the enhanced understanding betw
33、een the Chinese and American peoples.C. Harvard has made useful contribution to the enhanced mutual understanding between the Chinese and American peoples.D. Harvard has give useful contribution to enhance mutual understanding between the Chinese and American peoples.（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 作贡献 make
34、 contribution to为固定搭配，后面可以跟动名词或名词。相互了解为mutual understanding。B11.下面哪种表述是正确的( )A我国的翻译事业最初是从佛经翻译开始的B我国的翻译事业最初是从科技翻译开始的C我国的翻译事业最初是从文学翻译开始的D我国的翻译事业最初是从文献翻译开始的（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 我国的翻译事业是从佛经翻译开始的。东汉时代，天竺人摄摩腾、竺法兰翻译四十二章经，这是我国现存佛经中最早的译本。12.下列哪种说法是最恰当的( )A好的译文在形式上是忠实的，在语言上是通顺的，在风格上是得体的B好的译文在内容上是忠实的，在语法上是通
35、顺的，在风格上是得体的C好的译文在内容上是忠实的，在语言上是通顺的，在风格上是得体的D好的译文在风格上是忠实的，在语言上是通顺的，在内容上是得体的（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 如果一篇译文在内容上是忠实的，在语言上是通顺的，在风格上是得体的，那的确就是一篇很好的译文了。13.下列哪一位说过“正确的翻译是直译，也就是意译”，并指出“正确的翻译是分不出直译和意译的”。( )A周建人 B林汉达C周树人 D郭沫若（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 1953 年，林汉达在“翻译的原则”一文中写道：“正确的翻译是直译，也就是意译。死译和胡译不同，呆译和曲译不同，这是可以划分的
36、，它们都是错误的翻译。正确的翻译是分不出直译或意译的。”14.下列哪一位在论演说术中提到“I did not think it necessary to translate word for word, I preserved the general style and force of the language. ”( )A西塞罗 B奈达C泰特勒 D哲罗姆（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 西塞罗是古罗马政治家、雄辩家和哲学家。他著述广博，今存演说和哲学论文、政治论文多篇，及大批书简。他的文体流畅，被誉为拉丁文的典范。他表示没有必要逐字翻译，强调保持原作的总的风格和力量。15.就
37、翻译的上下文而言，从狭义上讲，以下哪种表述是正确的( )A狭义上下文可以分为句群上下文和文体上下文B狭义上下文可以分为段落上下文和词汇上下文C狭义上下文可以分为风格上下文和内容上下文D狭义上下文可以分为句法上下文和词汇上下文（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 狭义上下文可以分为句法上下文和词汇上下文。句法上下文是指该词词组或(从属)句子所属的句法结构。词汇上下文指的是该单位周围具体的词汇单位、词和固定词组的总和。A16.full members（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(正式成员)解析：17.rocking chair（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(安乐椅)解析：18.cottage industry（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(家庭手工业)解析：19.stock raising（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(畜牧业)解析：20.eight-tenths（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(十分之八)解析：21.watchtower（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(嘹望塔)解析：22.off-shore oil exploration（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(近海石油勘探)解析： income（分数：1.00）_
