1、英语国家概况自考题-13 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B/B(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.At the bottom of the English feudal scale were _. A. slaves B. free peasants C. villeins D. freemen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.Which of the following kings was responsible for the complete establishment of the feudal system in England? _. A. Edw
2、ard . B. Henry . C. Alfred the Great. D. William the Conqueror.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.When William died in 1087, he left Normandy to _, and England to _. A. William Rufus, Robert B. Robert, Henry C. Robert, William Rufus D. Henry, Robert（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.According to historical record, it appeared that
3、 in 1086 about half of the cultivated land in England was in the hands of _. A. 3000 less nobles B. 2000 knights C. 170 tenants-in-chief D. 100 churches（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.William was known as _ because of his red complexion. A. Rufus B. the Conqueror C. the Confessor D. the Unready（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6
4、.The Canterbury Tales was written by _. A. Thomas B. Becket C. Chaucer D.T.S. Eliot（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.The domestic unrest in England in the 12th and 13th centuries was caused by _. A. the Black Death and the Civil War B. Englands possession of territory in France and Norman adherence to Roman Cathol
5、icism C. the Hundred Years War and reform of the church D. the Kings plan to reform the legal system（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.According to Magna Carta no tax should be made without the approval of _. A. the witan B. the King C. the Grand Council D. the Commons（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.The spirit of the _ was the
6、limitation of the powers of the king. A. Book of Concord B. Magna Carta C. Domesday Book D. common law（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.The Great Charter was signed in _ and had _ clauses. A. 1251, 63 B. 1251, 73 C. 1215, 63 D. 1215, 73（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.The Hundred Years War between England and France lasted fr
7、om _. A. 1066 to 1215 B. 1215 to 1266 C. 1337 to 1453 D. 1066 to 1381（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.The Hundred Years War could be divided into _ outstanding stages. A. two B. three C. four D. five（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.The Hundred Years War ended _. A. in defeat for England B. in victory for England C. in peace
8、for both countries D. in defeat for France（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.During the Hundred Years War the French national heroine was _. A. Henry B. Eliot C. Joan of Arc D. Edward（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.As a result of the Black Death, _. A. all land was left untended B. no labor was required any longer C. Landowne
9、rs tended to change from arable to sheep-farming D. surviving peasants were not able to bargain about their wages（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.Black Death reduced Englands population from _ million to _ million by the end of the 14th century. A. 5, 3 B. 4.5, 3 C. 4, 3 D. 4, 2（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.In 1351, the g
10、overnment issued a Statute of _ which made it a crime for peasants to ask for more wages. A. Oxford B. Clarendon C. Laborers D. Westminster（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.The Black Death swept through England on the summer of _ without warning. A. 1348 B. 1347 C. 1350 D. 1351（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.John Wyclifs fol
11、lowers who went about preaching the equality of men before God were known as _. A. Wyclifs brothers B. Gods followers C. new rebels D. the Lollards（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.The Lollards were _ who had played a very important role in the Peasant Uprising of 1381. A. poor priests and itinerant preachers B.
12、poets and writers C. merchants D. craftsmen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、B/B(总题数：7，分数：28.00)21.Which system was completely established under William in English?（分数：4.00）_22.What was William Is policy towards the church?（分数：4.00）_23.What are the two aspects of the Norman legacy that contributed to great domesti
13、c unrest in England in the 12th and 13th centuries?（分数：4.00）_24.What is the Magna Carta also known as?（分数：4.00）_25.Whats the beginning of the English parliament?（分数：4.00）_26.Whats the role of Simons Parliaments?（分数：4.00）_27.What was the result of the Hundred Years War?（分数：4.00）_三、B/B(总题数：3，分数：32.00)
14、28.English feudal system（分数：10.00）_29.the Hundred Years War（分数：11.00）_30.the Black Death（分数：11.00）_英语国家概况自考题-13 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B/B(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.At the bottom of the English feudal scale were _. A. slaves B. free peasants C. villeins D. freemen（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 处在封建等级制底层的是农奴和奴
15、隶差不多的没有自由的人们。2.Which of the following kings was responsible for the complete establishment of the feudal system in England? _. A. Edward . B. Henry . C. Alfred the Great. D. William the Conqueror.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 在威廉统治下，英国的封建制度得以完全确立。根据此制度，国王个人拥有全国所有土地。3.When William died in 1087, he left Nor
16、mandy to _, and England to _. A. William Rufus, Robert B. Robert, Henry C. Robert, William Rufus D. Henry, Robert（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 1087 年威廉去世，把诺曼底留给大儿子罗伯特，把英格兰留给二儿子威廉。三儿子亨利得了一大笔钱。4.According to historical record, it appeared that in 1086 about half of the cultivated land in England was in the
17、hands of _. A. 3000 less nobles B. 2000 knights C. 170 tenants-in-chief D. 100 churches（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 从末日审判书可以看出，1086 年，农村约有一半的耕地掌握在 170个承租人手里，这之中只有两个是英国贵族，约五分之一土地归国王本人所有。5.William was known as _ because of his red complexion. A. Rufus B. the Conqueror C. the Confessor D. the Unready（分数：2.0
18、0）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 威廉因其面色红润而被称为“红脸威廉”。6.The Canterbury Tales was written by _. A. Thomas B. Becket C. Chaucer D.T.S. Eliot（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 杰弗里乔叟(13401400)是英国诗人，他的名著是坎特伯雷故事集。7.The domestic unrest in England in the 12th and 13th centuries was caused by _. A. the Black Death and the Civil War B. E
19、nglands possession of territory in France and Norman adherence to Roman Catholicism C. the Hundred Years War and reform of the church D. the Kings plan to reform the legal system（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 诺曼人遗留下来的两件事情使 12世纪和 13世纪英国国内极不稳定。其一是英国在法国境内拥有的土地；其二是诺曼人对罗马天主教的依附。8.According to Magna Carta no tax
20、 should be made without the approval of _. A. the witan B. the King C. the Grand Council D. the Commons（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 大宪章共有 63条，其中一条是：没有大议会批准不得征税。9.The spirit of the _ was the limitation of the powers of the king. A. Book of Concord B. Magna Carta C. Domesday Book D. common law（分数：2.00）A.B.
21、 C.D.解析：解析 大宪章的精神是限制王权，置王权于封建法律的约束下。10.The Great Charter was signed in _ and had _ clauses. A. 1251, 63 B. 1251, 73 C. 1215, 63 D. 1215, 73（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 1215 年 6月 19日，国王极不情愿地在大宪章上盖上印鉴。大宪章共有 63条。11.The Hundred Years War between England and France lasted from _. A. 1066 to 1215 B. 1215 to 12
22、66 C. 1337 to 1453 D. 1066 to 1381（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 百年战争是指从 1337年开始，断断续续直至 1453年英法两国之间的战争。12.The Hundred Years War could be divided into _ outstanding stages. A. two B. three C. four D. five（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 百年战争分为三个主要阶段。13.The Hundred Years War ended _. A. in defeat for England B. in vi
23、ctory for England C. in peace for both countries D. in defeat for France（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 1422 年亨利去世。此后法国人民在民族女英雄圣女贞德的鼓舞下，把英军驱逐出了法国。14.During the Hundred Years War the French national heroine was _. A. Henry B. Eliot C. Joan of Arc D. Edward（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 百年战争中的法国民族英雄是圣女贞德。15.As a res
24、ult of the Black Death, _. A. all land was left untended B. no labor was required any longer C. Landowners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming D. surviving peasants were not able to bargain about their wages（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 黑死病对经济造成的后果更为深远。鼠疫导致了大片土地无人照管和劳动力极度匮乏，选项 A表述“全部的”有误。地主只得把耕地
25、改成对人力需求较少的牧场，选项 C表述正确。幸存的农民处于有利的地位，可以讨价还价，他们从农奴变成了雇佣劳动力，选项 B和 D表述错误。16.Black Death reduced Englands population from _ million to _ million by the end of the 14th century. A. 5, 3 B. 4.5, 3 C. 4, 3 D. 4, 2（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 黑死病使英国的人口在 14世纪末从 400万锐减至 200万。17.In 1351, the government issued a Statu
26、te of _ which made it a crime for peasants to ask for more wages. A. Oxford B. Clarendon C. Laborers D. Westminster（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 1351 年政府颁布“劳工法令”，规定农民们涨工资的要求、或者是雇主支付比地方官制订的工资水平高的工资都是犯罪。18.The Black Death swept through England on the summer of _ without warning. A. 1348 B. 1347 C. 1350 D. 1
27、351（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 1348 年夏天，黑死病横扫英国全国，事先毫无预兆，而更重要的是无药可救。19.John Wyclifs followers who went about preaching the equality of men before God were known as _. A. Wyclifs brothers B. Gods followers C. new rebels D. the Lollards（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 那些四处讲道、宣扬上帝面前人人平等的约翰威克里夫的信徒，被称为劳拉派。20.The Loll
28、ards were _ who had played a very important role in the Peasant Uprising of 1381. A. poor priests and itinerant preachers B. poets and writers C. merchants D. craftsmen（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 劳拉派是一些穷教士和巡回传教士，在 1381年的农民起义中发挥了重大作用。二、B/B(总题数：7，分数：28.00)21.Which system was completely established under W
29、illiam in English?（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(The feudal system was completely established under William in English.)解析：22.What was William Is policy towards the church?（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(He wanted to keep it completely under his control, but at the same time to uphold its power.)解析：23.What are the two aspects of
30、the Norman legacy that contributed to great domestic unrest in England in the 12th and 13th centuries?（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(One was Englands possession of territory in France. The other was Norman adherence to Roman Catholicism.)解析：24.What is the Magna Carta also known as?（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(It is also known
31、as the barons charter (the Great Charter).)解析：25.Whats the beginning of the English parliament?（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(Simon de Montfort summoned in 1265 the Great Council to meet at Westminster, together with two knights from each county and two burgesses (citizens) from each town, a meeting which has been
32、 seen as that of the earliest parliament.)解析：26.Whats the role of Simons Parliaments?（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(Its role was to offer advice, not to make decisions.)解析：27.What was the result of the Hundred Years War?（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(Britain was defeated by French.)解析：三、B/B(总题数：3，分数：32.00)28.English feudal syste
33、m（分数：10.00）_正确答案：(English feudal system: In this system, the King owned all the land personally, who gave his barons large estates in England in return for a promise of military service and a proportion of the lands produce.)解析：29.the Hundred Years War（分数：11.00）_正确答案：(the Hundred Years War: It refer
34、s to the intermittent war between France and England that lasted from 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic. When Edward claimed the French Crown but the French refused to recognize, the war broke out. At first the English were successful, but in the end, they were def
35、eated and lost almost all their possessions in France. The expelling of the English was a blessing for both countries.)解析：30.the Black Death（分数：11.00）_正确答案：(the Black Death: It is a modern name given to the deadly bubonic, an epidemic disease caused by rat fleas. It spread through Europe in the fourteenth century, particularly in 13471350. It came without warning, and without any cue. In England, it killed almost half of the total population, causing far-reaching economic consequences.)解析：
