1、英语词汇学自考题-24 及答案解析(总分：92.01，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：7，分数：14.00)1.Associative meaning is not affected by _. A. experience B. culture C. language D. education（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2._ are affective words as they are expressions of emotions such as oh, dear me, alas. A. Prepositions B. Interjections C. Exclamatio
2、ns D. Explanations（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.In many cases, the appreciative or pejorative meanings of the words are brought out in _. A. language B. context C. tense D. education（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.Which of the following statements is not true?_ A. Connotative meaning refers to associations suggested by the
3、 conceptual meaning. B. Stylistic meaning accounts for the formality of the word concerned. C. Affective meaning is universal to all men alike. D. Denotative meaning can always be found in the dictionary.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.Collocation can affect _. A. the meaning of words B. the structure of sentenc
4、es C. the spelling of words D. the function of words（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.“One is filled with ambition usually works hard“. “The reactionarys chief ambition is to become the emperor“. The affective meanings of the two sentences individually are: _. A. pejorative, appreciative B. appreciative, pejorativ
5、e C. pejorative, pejorative D. appreciative, appreciative（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.It is noticeable that _ overlaps with stylistic and affective meanings because in a sense both stylistic and affective meaning are revealed by means of collocations. A. conceptual meaning B. grammatical meaning C. lexical me
6、aning D. collocative meaning（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、B(总题数：15，分数：30.00)8.A word is the 1 of form and meaning.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_9.By the form of the word we mean both its 1 and spelling.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_10.Reference is the 1 between language and the world.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.The reference of a word to a thing
7、outside the language is 1 and conventional.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_12.In many cases meaning is used in the sense of “ 1“.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_13.Meaning and concept are closely connected but not（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_14.The synonymous pair “die-pass away“ has the same 1 but different stylistic values.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_15
8、.The connection of the sign and meaning does not have a logical explanation. That is to say most words are 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_16.In modern English one may find some words whose sounds suggest their 1, for these words were created by imitating the natural sounds and noises.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_17. 1 motiva
9、tion means the words were created by imitating the natural sounds or noises.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_18. 1 motivation refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_19.Functional words such as prepositions, conjunctions, though having little lexical meaning, p
10、ossess strong 1 meaning.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_20.Lexieal meaning has conceptual meaning and 1 meaning.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_21.Words such as “vicious, tyrant, determined, famous, notorious“ usually indicate the speakers attitude towards the person or thing in question. They have 1 meaning in themselves.（分数：2.00
11、）填空项 1:_22.Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、B(总题数：6，分数：24.00)23.motivation（分数：4.00）_24.onomatopoeic motivation（分数：4.00）_25.morphological motivation（分数：4.00）_26.semantic motivation（分数：4.00）_27.grammatical meaning（分数：4.00）_28.appreciative（分数：4
12、.00）_四、B(总题数：8，分数：16.00)29.What is reference?（分数：2.00）_30.What is the relationship between meaning and concept?（分数：2.00）_31.How do you interpret the four types of motivations?（分数：2.00）_32.Does motivation contradict the theory of “arbitrariness and conventionality“ concerning the relationship between
13、 linguistic symbols and their senses? Why?（分数：2.00）_33.Some people hold that Shakespeare is more difficult to read than contemporary writings. Do you agree or disagree to this comment? State your reason(s) with at least three examples.（分数：2.00）_34.What is grammatical meaning of a word? Give an examp
14、le to illustrate your point.（分数：2.00）_35.What is affective meaning? What are words with positive or negative emotive values used to denote?（分数：2.00）_36.What is colloeative meaning? Give one example to illustrate your point.（分数：2.00）_五、B(总题数：1，分数：8.00)What connotations do you think the word atomic mi
15、ght have for each of the following people?（分数：8.01）(1).A scientist working in a project to develop industrial uses for nuclear power.（分数：2.67）_(2).A Japanese resident of Hiroshima.（分数：2.67）_(3).A student of nuclear physics.（分数：2.67）_英语词汇学自考题-24 答案解析(总分：92.01，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：7，分数：14.00)1.Associati
16、ve meaning is not affected by _. A. experience B. culture C. language D. education（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Associative meaning is liable to the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion, geographical region, class background, education, etc联想意义易受文化、经历、宗教、地域、阶级背景、教育等因素的影响。答案为 C。2._ ar
17、e affective words as they are expressions of emotions such as oh, dear me, alas. A. Prepositions B. Interjections C. Exclamations D. Explanations（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 oh(哦)，dear me(天哪)，alas(唉)这些词都是表示感情的，是感叹词，即interjections。prepositions 是介词；exclamations 是惊叹词。答案为 B。3.In many cases, the appreciative
18、or pejorative meanings of the words are brought out in _. A. language B. context C. tense D. education（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 In many cases，the appreciative or pejorative meanings of the words are brought out in context. 在很多情况下，词的褒义或贬义会在语境中显现出来。答案为 B。4.Which of the following statements is not true?_
19、 A. Connotative meaning refers to associations suggested by the conceptual meaning. B. Stylistic meaning accounts for the formality of the word concerned. C. Affective meaning is universal to all men alike. D. Denotative meaning can always be found in the dictionary.（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 内涵意义是指由概念
20、意义所暗示的言外之意或联想意义，A 正确。文体意义是指词的正式程度，B 正确。Affective meaning indicates the speakers attitude towards the person or thing in question感情意义显示了言者对于正在讨论的人或事的态度，C 错误。答案为 C。5.Collocation can affect _. A. the meaning of words B. the structure of sentences C. the spelling of words D. the function of words（分数：2.0
21、0）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 green(绿色)是一种颜色，但当其出现于像 green on the job(在那项工作上是生手)、green fruit(未成熟的果实)、green with envy(妒忌得眼睛发红)及 green-eyed monster(妒忌的魔鬼)等短语中，其意义明显受到了影响。答案为 A。6.“One is filled with ambition usually works hard“. “The reactionarys chief ambition is to become the emperor“. The affective meanings of t
22、he two sentences individually are: _. A. pejorative, appreciative B. appreciative, pejorative C. pejorative, pejorative D. appreciative, appreciative（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 题干译文：“雄心勃勃的人常常工作十分努力。”“那个反动分子的首要野心是当上皇帝。”这两个句子的情感意义分别是什么?第一句 ambition译为雄心，显然是褒义；第二句译为野心，是贬义。答案为 B。7.It is noticeable that _ ove
23、rlaps with stylistic and affective meanings because in a sense both stylistic and affective meaning are revealed by means of collocations. A. conceptual meaning B. grammatical meaning C. lexical meaning D. collocative meaning（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 It is again noticeable that collocative meaning ove
24、rlaps with stylistic and affective meanings because in a sense both stylistic and affective meanings are revealed by means of collocations. 值得注意的是因为某种意义上说文体和感情意义都是通过搭配来揭示的，所以搭配意义与文体意义及感情意义发生了重叠。答案为 D。二、B(总题数：15，分数：30.00)8.A word is the 1 of form and meaning.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：combination）解析：解析 词
25、是形式和意义的什么?A word is the combination of form and meaning答案为combination。9.By the form of the word we mean both its 1 and spelling.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：pronunciation）解析：解析 我们所说的形式是指词的什么和拼写?By the form we mean both its pronunciation and meaning答案为 pronunciation。10.Reference is the 1 between language a
26、nd the world.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：relationship）解析：解析 所指是语言与周围世界的什么?Reference is the relationship between language and the world答案为 relationship。11.The reference of a word to a thing outside the language is 1 and conventional.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：arbitrary）解析：解析 词对语言以外的事物的指称是什么样的和约定俗成的?The refere
27、nce of a word to a thing outside the language is arbitrary and conventional答案为 arbitrary。12.In many cases meaning is used in the sense of “ 1“.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：concept）解析：解析 在许多情况下，“意义”在使用中作什么讲?In many cases meaning is used in the sense of “concept“答案为 concept。13.Meaning and concept are closel
28、y connected but not（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：identical）解析：解析 意义和概念有紧密的联系，但并不怎么样?Meaning and concept are closely connected but not identical答案为 identical。14.The synonymous pair “die-pass away“ has the same 1 but different stylistic values.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：concept）解析：解析 die 和 pass away表示的概念是相同的，但社会
29、文化和文体有差异。答案为 concept。15.The connection of the sign and meaning does not have a logical explanation. That is to say most words are 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：non-motivated）解析：解析 符号和意义之间并没有逻辑上的理解性。也就是说多数词都是什么样的?Most words can be said to be non-motivated. That is, the connection of the sign and meaning d
30、oes not have a logical explanation答案为 non-motivated。16.In modern English one may find some words whose sounds suggest their 1, for these words were created by imitating the natural sounds and noises.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：meanings）解析：解析 在现代英语中，人们可能发现有些词的声音暗示了其什么，因为这些词是通过模仿自然声音创造出来的。In modern English
31、 one may find some words whose sounds suggest their meanings, for these words were created by imitating the natural sounds and noises答案为 meanings。17. 1 motivation means the words were created by imitating the natural sounds or noises.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Onomatopoeic）解析：解析 通过模拟自然声音创造词叫做什么理据?拟声理据是指
32、通过模仿自然声音创造词。答案为Onomatopoeic。18. 1 motivation refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Semantic）解析：解析 由词的概念意义所暗示的联系意义叫做什么理据?Semantic motivation refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word答案为 Semantic。19.
33、Functional words such as prepositions, conjunctions, though having little lexical meaning, possess strong 1 meaning.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：grammatical）解析：解析 诸如介词，连词等功能词尽管词汇意义很弱，但拥有很强的什么意义?Functional words such as prepositions, conjunctions, though having little lexical meaning, possess strong gramma
34、tical meaning答案为 grammatical。20.Lexieal meaning has conceptual meaning and 1 meaning.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：associative）解析：解析 词汇意义包括概念意义和什么意义?Lexical meaning has two components: conceptual meaning and associative meaning。答案为 associative。21.Words such as “vicious, tyrant, determined, famous, notoriou
35、s“ usually indicate the speakers attitude towards the person or thing in question. They have 1 meaning in themselves.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：affective）解析：解析 什么意义显示了言者对于正在讨论的人或事的态度?Affective meaning indicates the speakers attitude towards the person or thing in question答案为 affective。22.Collocative mea
36、ning consists of the associations a word acquires in its 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：collocation）解析：解析 搭配意义由一个词在其什么中所获得的联想所组成?Collective meaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation答案为 collocation。三、B(总题数：6，分数：24.00)23.motivation（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(Motivation accounts for the con
37、nection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.)解析：24.onomatopoeic motivation（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(Onomatopoeic motivation explains the words whose sounds suggest their meaning, because these words were created by imitating the natural sounds or noises.)解析：25.morphological motivation（分数：4.00）_正确答案：
38、(Morphological motivation concerns the words whose morphological structures suggest their meaning, for generally speaking, the meaning of a derived word or a compound is based on the meanings of the word-building elements.)解析：26.semantic motivation（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(Semantic motivation is the mental as
39、sociations based on the conceptual meaning of a word, i.e. the figurative sense of a word suggested by the literal sense.)解析：27.grammatical meaning（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(Grammatical meaning refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships such as part of s
40、peech of words, singular and plural meanings of nouns, tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional forms.)解析：28.appreciative（分数：4.00）_正确答案：(The appreciative are words which have positive overtones to show ones appreciation or the attitude of approval.)解析：四、B(总题数：8，分数：16.00)29.What is reference?（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(Words are but symbols, many of which have
