1、英语词汇学自考题-7 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can be defined as a _ group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper. A. small B. meaningful C. vocal D. large（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.In spite of the differences, at lea
2、st _ percent of the English words fit consistent spelling patterns. A. sixty B. seventy C. eighty D. ninety（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3._ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argots B. Slangs C. Jargons D. Dialectal words（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.In the Eastern set, _ and _ are each the onl
3、y modern language respectively. A. Italic; Germanic B. Armenian; Albanian C. Celtic; Hellenic D. Balto-Slavic; Indo-Iranian（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.After the invading Germanic tribes settled down in Britain, their language almost totally blotted out the _. A. Old English B. Middle English C. Anglo-Saxon D
4、. Celtic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Modern English began with the establishment of _ in England. A. printing B. Bourgeois Revolution C. Industrial Revolution D. the Renaissance（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The plural morpheme “-s“ is pronounced as/s/ in the following words except _. A. packs B. bags C. cheats D. ships（
5、分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Modern English is a(n) _ language. A. analytic B. synthetic C. grammatical D. all the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The words formed by affixation are called _. A. affixes B. derivations C. derivatives D. derivationals（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Which of the following is a case of suffixation? A
6、. Hemisphere. B. Attempt. C. NATO. D. Respondent.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Verb compounds are created either through _ or A. affixation; conversion B. clipping; affixation C. conversion; backformation D. backformation; borrowing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The word “sandwich“ which now denotes a popular fast food
7、originates from _. A. Faraday B. John Montague C. Bloomers D. Thomas More（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.“_“ is not morphologically motivated words. A. Black Market B. Airmail C. Reading-lamp D. Hopeless（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Functional words possess strong _ whereas, content words have both meanings, and lexical
8、meaning in particular. A. grammatical meaning B. conceptual meaning C. associative meaning D. arbitrary meaning（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Associative meaning is not affected by _. A. experience B. culture C. language D. education（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16._ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stand
9、s at the center and the secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rays. A. Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17._ are words which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning. A. Antonyms B. Metaphors C. Synonyms D. Similes（分数：1.00）A
10、.B.C.D.18._ deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion. A. Polysemy B. Homonymy C. Antonymy D. Hyponymy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.A legal term “alibi“ signifying “plea that the accused is not at the place when the crime is committed“ now means “excuse“. This change of word-meaning is called _. A. tr
11、ansfer B. narrowing C. extension D. degradation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.“Silly“ meant “happy“ in old English, but now it means “foolish“. This mode of word-meaning change is _. A. elevation B. extension C. transfer D. degradation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.Dreadful and hateful belong to _. A. transfer from subje
12、ctive to objective meaning B. transfer of sensation C. transfer from objective to subjective D. transfer between abstract and concrete meanings（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22._ refers to the words that occur together with the word in question. A. Grammatical context B. Lexical context C. Clauses context D. Sent
13、ences context（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.Context clues have _ ones in all. A. seven B. six C. eight D. five（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.We say the structure of idioms are stable because _. A. the constituents of idioms cannot be replaced B. the word order cannot be inverted or changed C. many idioms are grammaticall
14、y unanalysable D. all of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.In terms of complexity of sentences, sentence idioms can be divided into three types except _. A. simple sentence B. declarative sentence C. compound sentence D. complex sentence（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.The idiom “toil and moil“ has _ rhetorical colou
15、ring. A. rhyme B. alliteration C. reiteration D. juxtaposition（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.Jack of all trades belong to which kind of variation of idioms?_ A. Replacement. B. Deletion. C. Shortening. D. Dismembering.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.All of the followings are desk dictionaries except _. A. Websters Third N
16、ew International Dictionary B. Websters New World Dictionary C. Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary D. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.The main body of a dictionary is _. A. spelling B. pronunciation C. definitions of words D. usage（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.Almost every meani
17、ng of a word has an example to show its meaning and usage. This is the features of _. A. Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary B. The Concise Oxford Dictionary C. A Chinese-English Dictionary D. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)31.Argot generally r
18、efers to the jargon of 1.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_32.The surviving languages show various degrees of 1 to one another.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_33.The number of 1 affixes is small and stable.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_34.A compound tends to play a single 1 role in a sentence.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_35.The reference of a word to a thing
19、outside the language is 1 and conventional.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_36.Perfect homonyms are words identical both in sound and spelling, but different in 1.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_37.Changing in word meaning has never 1 since the language came into being and will continue in the future.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_38. 1 often ari
20、ses due to polysemy and homonymy.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_39.As far as sentence types are concerned, they embrace declarative, interrogative, 1 and exclamative sentences.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_40.Encyclopedic dictionaries can be further divided into 1 and encyclopedic dictionaries.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_三、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00
21、)41.slang（分数：3.00）_42.inflectional affixes（分数：3.00）_43.back-formation（分数：3.00）_44.absolute synonyms（分数：3.00）_45.replacement of idioms（分数：3.00）_四、B(总题数：4，分数：20.00)46.The basic word stock have five obvious characteristics. Why should we say that “all national character“ is the most important of all fe
22、atures among the five?（分数：5.00）_47.Illustrate with examples the types of words from proper names.（分数：5.00）_48.Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the characteristics of antonyms. State your reason with one example. Contrary terms are non-gradable a
23、nd allow intermediate members in between.（分数：5.00）_49.How many types can idioms be classified?（分数：5.00）_五、B(总题数：2，分数：20.00)50.Analyze the morphological structure of the following words in terms of free morpheme and bound morpheme, then explain the differences between the two kinds of morphemes: unha
24、ppily, idealistic.（分数：10.00）_51.Illustrate which kind of antonymy they belong to and the characteristics of this kind of antonymy. Employee/Employer.（分数：10.00）_英语词汇学自考题-7 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can be defined as a _ group of
25、letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper. A. small B. meaningful C. vocal D. large（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 谈论词时，我们往往从词的视觉角度来定义。从这个意义上讲，词可以定义为书写或印刷在纸上、横排的一组有意义的字母。答案为 B。2.In spite of the differences, at least _ percent of the English words fit consistent spelling patterns. A. si
26、xty B. seventy C. eighty D. ninety（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 In spite of the differences, at least eighty percent of the English words fit consistent spelling patterns. 书面形式与口语形式虽然有差异，但 80%以上的拼写在书面语和口语中还是统一的。答案为 C。3._ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argots B. Slangs C. Ja
27、rgons D. Dialectal words（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 Dialectal words are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. 方言词限于讲方言的人所使用。答案为 D。4.In the Eastern set, _ and _ are each the only modern language respectively. A. Italic; Germanic B. Armenian; Albanian C. Celtic; Hellenic D. Balto-Slavic;
28、 Indo-Iranian（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 In the Eastern set, Armenian and Albanian are each the only modern language respectively. 在东部诸语族中，亚美尼亚阿尔巴尼亚语族只留下今天的亚美尼亚语和阿尔巴尼亚语。答案为 B。5.After the invading Germanic tribes settled down in Britain, their language almost totally blotted out the _. A. Old English B.
29、Middle English C. Anglo-Saxon D. Celtic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 继古罗马人之后，盎格鲁、萨克逊和朱特 3 个日耳曼部落大批入侵英伦三岛。他们的语言取得了主导地位，完全取代了凯尔特语。答案为 D。6.Modern English began with the establishment of _ in England. A. printing B. Bourgeois Revolution C. Industrial Revolution D. the Renaissance（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Modern
30、 English began with the establishment of printing in England. 答案为 A。7.The plural morpheme “-s“ is pronounced as/s/ in the following words except _. A. packs B. bags C. cheats D. ships（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 名词复数-s 在/t，p，k/后发/s/，而在/d，b，g/后发/z/。答案为 B。8.Modern English is a(n) _ language. A. analytic B.
31、 synthetic C. grammatical D. all the above（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Modern English is an analytic language. 现代英语是分析型语言。答案为 A。9.The words formed by affixation are called _. A. affixes B. derivations C. derivatives D. derivationals（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 用词缀法构词叫派生构词(derivation)。用词缀法构词产生的词叫派生词(derivative
32、s)。答案为 C。10.Which of the following is a case of suffixation? A. Hemisphere. B. Attempt. C. NATO. D. Respondent.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 hemisphere(半球)，用了前缀 hemi-；NATO(北大西洋公约组织)用的是首字母缩略法；respondent(应答者)是在动词 respond 后添加了-ent 后缀。答案为 D。11.Verb compounds are created either through _ or A. affixation; conv
33、ersion B. clipping; affixation C. conversion; backformation D. backformation; borrowing（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 The limited number of verbs are created either through conversion or backformation. 有限的动词复合词是按转类法或逆生法构词的。答案为 C。12.The word “sandwich“ which now denotes a popular fast food originates from _
34、. A. Faraday B. John Montague C. Bloomers D. Thomas More（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 The word sandwich, which now denotes a popular fast food. It originates from John Montague, Fourth Earl of Sandwich in 18th-century England. “三明治”一词源于英国 18 世纪三明治第四代伯爵 John Montague。答案为 B。13.“_“ is not morphologically mot
35、ivated words. A. Black Market B. Airmail C. Reading-lamp D. Hopeless（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 black market 的意义不是“黑色的市场”，而是“非法买卖(黑市)”，因此不是形态理据。答案为 A。14.Functional words possess strong _ whereas, content words have both meanings, and lexical meaning in particular. A. grammatical meaning B. conceptual me
36、aning C. associative meaning D. arbitrary meaning（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Functional words possess strong grammatical meaning whereas content words have both meanings, and lexical meaning in particular. 答案为 A。15.Associative meaning is not affected by _. A. experience B. culture C. language D. educati
37、on（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Associative meaning is liable to the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion, geographical region, class background, education, etc. 联想意义易受文化、经历、宗教、地域、阶级背景、教育等因素的影响。答案为 C。16._ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the center and the
38、 secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rays. A. Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Radiation is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the centre and the secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like
39、rays. 辐射型以原始意义为中心，从原始意义发展而来的次要意义就像射线那样四处散去。答案为 A。17._ are words which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning. A. Antonyms B. Metaphors C. Synonyms D. Similes（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Synonyms can be defined as words different in sound and spelling but most nearly alike or exactly the
40、same in meaning. 答案为 C。18._ deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion. A. Polysemy B. Homonymy C. Antonymy D. Hyponymy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion. 上下义关系涉及语义包容的关系。答案为 D。19.A legal term “alibi“ signifying “plea that the accused is not at t
41、he place when the crime is committed“ now means “excuse“. This change of word-meaning is called _. A. transfer B. narrowing C. extension D. degradation（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Extension of meaning is also found in many technical terms, which as the term suggests are confined to specialized use. For i
42、nstance, alibi, a legal term signifying plea that the accused is not at the place when the crime is committed, has nwo come into common use, meaning excuse. 许多意义有专指的技术术语中也有词义扩大的现象。比如说，alibi 原义为“不在犯罪现场的抗辩”，现义为“辩解，托辞”。答案为 C。20.“Silly“ meant “happy“ in old English, but now it means “foolish“. This mode
43、 of word-meaning change is _. A. elevation B. extension C. transfer D. degradation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 词义的降格与词义的升格相反，这是词从表示褒扬或中性的意义向表示贬义的意义的演变过程。silly 一词的词义正是经历了这种变化。答案为 D。21.Dreadful and hateful belong to _. A. transfer from subjective to objective meaning B. transfer of sensation C. transfer from objective to subjective D. transfer between abstract and concrete meanings（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Other examples are dreadful and hateful, which have transferred from a subjective mean
