1、2007 年中国人民大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：36.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：16，分数：32.00)1.Ottava rima（分数：2.00）_2.Closet drama（分数：2.00）_3.The cry of “art for art“s sake“（分数：2.00）_4.Psychological realism（分数：2.00）_5.Sentimentalism（分数：2.00）_6.My Last Duchess（分数：2.00）_7.The Fall of the House of Usher（分数：2.00）_8.The S
2、chool for Scandal（分数：2.00）_9.The Man of Property（分数：2.00）_10.She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways（分数：2.00）_11.Anecdote of the Jar（分数：2.00）_12.The American Crisis（分数：2.00）_13.There was music from my neighbor“s house through the summer the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes over cataracts of foam.
3、On week-ends his Rolls-Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in the morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with mops
4、and scrubbing-brushes and hammers and garden shears, nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft, or taking the sun on the hot sand of hi
5、s beach while his tow motor-boats slit repairing the ravages of the night before.（分数：2.00）_14.Make room and let him stand before our face. The world thinks, and I think so too, That thou but lead“st this fashion of thy malice To the last hour of act; and then, “tis thought, Thou“ It show they mercy
6、and remorse, more strange than is thy strange apparent cruelty: And where thou now exacts the penalty, Which is a pound of this poor-merchant“s flesh, Thou wilt not only loose the forfeiture, But, toucht with human gentleness and love Forgive a moiety of the principal Glancing an eye of pity on his
7、losses, That have of late so huddled on his back Enow to press a royal merchant down, And pluck commiseration of his state From brassy bosoms and rough hearts of flint, From stubborn Turks and Tartars, never train“d To offices of tender courtesy.（分数：2.00）_15.The bowls never wanted washing. The boys
8、polished them with their spoons till they shone again; and when they had performed this operation (which never took very long, the spoons being nearly as large as the bowls), they would sit staring at the copper, with such eager eyes, as if they could have devoured the very bricks of which it was co
9、mposed; employing themselves, meanwhile, in sucking their fingers most assiduously , with the view of catching up any stray splashes of gruel that might have been cast thereon. Boys have generally excellent appetites. He and his companions suffered the tortures of slow starvation for three months: a
10、t last they got so voracious and wild with hunger, that one boy, who was tall for his age, and hadn“t been used to that sort of thing (for his father had kept a small cook-shop), hinted darkly to his companions, that unless he had another basin of gruel per diem, he was afraid he might some night ha
11、ppen to eat the boy who slept next him, who happened to be a weakly youth offender age. He had a wild, hungry eye; and they implicitly believed him. A council was held; lots were cast who should walk up to the master after supper that evening, and ask fro more; and it fell to him.（分数：2.00）_16.“Proph
12、et!“ said I, “thing of evil! prophet still, if bird or devil! Whether tempter sent, or whether tempest tossed thee here ashore, Desolate yet all undaunted, on this desert land enchanted On this home by horror hauntedtell me truly, I implore Is there - is there balm in Gilead ?tell metell me, I implo
13、re!“（分数：2.00）_二、问答题(总题数：2，分数：4.00)17.How did Chaucer“s creative work reflect the changes of the English society in the second half of the 14th century? How much was Chaucer influenced by foreign authors such as Dante or Boccaccio? What are some of the significances of such influences?（分数：2.00）_18.In
14、 what ways does Sister Carrie or some other major works by Theodore Dreiser reveal his perception of the “American Dream“? What do you know and think of the controversy about Dreiser as a man and as a writer?（分数：2.00）_2007 年中国人民大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案解析(总分：36.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：16，分数：32.00)1.Ottava
15、 rima（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Ottava rima is a rhyming stanza form of Italian origin, consisting of eight lines rhyming a-b-a-b-a-b-c-c. In its original Italian form, it uses hendecasyllables; but the English version uses iambic pentameters.)解析：解析：本题考查古诗的类型，考生应掌握诗歌的一些基本定义，如 iambic pentameters(五步抑扬格)、ott
16、ava rima(ottave，八行体)、heroic couplet(英雄双韵体)、lyric poems、ballad 等。2.Closet drama（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：A closet drama is a literary composition written in the form of a play (usually as a dramatic poem), but intended or suited only for reading in a closet (say, a private study) rather than for stage per
17、formance.)解析：解析：本题考查了话剧之一的书案剧。与话剧相关的一些概念还包括：dramatic irony、dramatic monologue、masque(假面剧)、melodrama(情节剧)等。3.The cry of “art for art“s sake“（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：“Art for art“s sake“ is the slogan of Aestheticism in the 19th century, often given in its French form as l“art pour l“art. It is a simplifi
18、ed expression of the principle adopted by many great authors that art serves no religious, moral or political purposes but beauty only. So Art for Art“s Sake was a rallying cry, a call for art“s freedom from the demands of tyranny of meaning and purpose.)解析：解析：本题考查了 19 世纪后期唯美主义(Aestheticism)打出的口号。考生
19、回答时要对唯美主义的概念有所涉及。4.Psychological realism（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Psychological realism refers to a psychological novel, in which unusual amount of focus. is placed not only on inner mental struggle of a person but also on motives of characters“ actions. It recognizes that what is real to the individual
20、is that which he or she perceives and tells the story like it is.)解析：解析：本题考查了心理现实主义的基本定义。5.Sentimentalism（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Sentimentalism is one of the important trends in English literature of the middle and later decades of the 18th century. As a European idea that emphasized feelings and emoti
21、ons, a physical appreciation of God, nature, and other people, it presents a new view of human nature which prizes feeling over thinking, passion over reason, and personal instincts of “pity, tenderness, and benevolence“ over social duties.)解析：解析：本题考查了伤感主义的定义。这样的题目看似简单，回答起来比较复杂。这种类型的题目很容易在复习的时候被忽视。6
22、.My Last Duchess（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：It is a poem written by Robert Browning in the 19th century .)解析：7.The Fall of the House of Usher（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：It is a novel written by Edgar Allan Poe in the 19th century .)解析：8.The School for Scandal（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：It is a comedy written by Richard
23、Brinsley Sheridan in the 18th century .)解析：9.The Man of Property（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：It is the first novel of the trilogy the Forsyte Saga written by John Galsworthy in the 20th century .)解析：10.She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：It is a poem written by William Wordsworth in the 1
24、8th century .)解析：11.Anecdote of the Jar（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：It is a poem written by Wallace Stevens in the 20th century .)解析：12.The American Crisis（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：It is a series of political essays written by Thomas Paine in the 18th century .)解析：解析：托马斯潘恩(Thomas Paine)，1737-1809，英裔美国思想家。其代表作包括常
25、识(Common Sense，1776)与论文集美洲危机(The American Crisis，1776-1783)。潘恩是激进的民主主义和自然神论者，他的“世界公民”理念宣传建立，“世界共和国”，他也是公共教育、最低工资限额的提出者之一。在潘恩思想体系中，国王与贵族不存在了，人与人之间是平等的。13.There was music from my neighbor“s house through the summer the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes over cataracts of foam. On week-ends his Ro
26、lls-Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in the morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with mops and scrubbing-brush
27、es and hammers and garden shears, nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft, or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his t
28、ow motor-boats slit repairing the ravages of the night before.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The passage is excerpted from The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. Cataracts means “a sudden rush of water“. In the passage, it refers to Gatsby“s personal beach. The word Scamper means “to run with quick light st
29、eps“. In the passage, it describes how frequent Gatsby“s car goes to fetch guests.)解析：14.Make room and let him stand before our face. The world thinks, and I think so too, That thou but lead“st this fashion of thy malice To the last hour of act; and then, “tis thought, Thou“ It show they mercy and r
30、emorse, more strange than is thy strange apparent cruelty: And where thou now exacts the penalty, Which is a pound of this poor-merchant“s flesh, Thou wilt not only loose the forfeiture, But, toucht with human gentleness and love Forgive a moiety of the principal Glancing an eye of pity on his losse
31、s, That have of late so huddled on his back Enow to press a royal merchant down, And pluck commiseration of his state From brassy bosoms and rough hearts of flint, From stubborn Turks and Tartars, never train“d To offices of tender courtesy.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The stanza is excerpted from The Merch
32、ant of Venice by William Shakespeare. The line “ lead“st this fashion of thy malice “ means that you looks as if you were cruel. Moiety means a lesser part of the debt. Enow means enough.)解析：15.The bowls never wanted washing. The boys polished them with their spoons till they shone again; and when t
33、hey had performed this operation (which never took very long, the spoons being nearly as large as the bowls), they would sit staring at the copper, with such eager eyes, as if they could have devoured the very bricks of which it was composed; employing themselves, meanwhile, in sucking their fingers
34、 most assiduously , with the view of catching up any stray splashes of gruel that might have been cast thereon. Boys have generally excellent appetites. He and his companions suffered the tortures of slow starvation for three months: at last they got so voracious and wild with hunger, that one boy,
35、who was tall for his age, and hadn“t been used to that sort of thing (for his father had kept a small cook-shop), hinted darkly to his companions, that unless he had another basin of gruel per diem, he was afraid he might some night happen to eat the boy who slept next him, who happened to be a weak
36、ly youth offender age. He had a wild, hungry eye; and they implicitly believed him. A council was held; lots were cast who should walk up to the master after supper that evening, and ask fro more; and it fell to him.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The passage is excerpted from Olive Twist by Charles Dickens. A
37、ssiduously means diligently and persistently. In the passage, it implies how little food the orphans have for meals. Voracious means wanting or devouring large quantities of food. It describes their eagerness to have food.)解析：16.“Prophet!“ said I, “thing of evil! prophet still, if bird or devil! Whe
38、ther tempter sent, or whether tempest tossed thee here ashore, Desolate yet all undaunted, on this desert land enchanted On this home by horror hauntedtell me truly, I implore Is there - is there balm in Gilead ?tell metell me, I implore!“（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The stanza is excerpted from The Raven b
39、y Edgar Allan Poe. A prophet is a person regarded as an inspired teacher or proclaimer of the will of God. In the stanza, it refers to the bird that brings the sad news to the narrator. Balm in Gilead means a resin used for medicinal purposes, thus suggesting, perhaps, that the narrator needs to be healed after the lost track of the beloved.)解析：二、问答题(总题数：2，分数：4.00)17.How did Chaucer“s creative work reflect the changes of the English society in the second half of the 14th century? How much was Chaucer influenced by foreign authors such as Dan
