1、2010年对外经济贸易大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：104.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、选择题(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.As a_actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.（分数：2.00）A.flexibleB.versatileC.sophisticatedD.productive2.There are not many teachers who are strong_of traditional methods in English
2、teaching.（分数：2.00）A.sponsorsB.contributorsC.advocatesD.performers3.We managed to reach the top of the mountain, and half an hour later we began to_.（分数：2.00）A.ascendB.descendC.declineD.plunge4.Competition, they believe, _the national character than corrupt it.（分数：2.00）A.enforcesB.confirmsC.intensifi
3、esD.strengthens5.The accident_him of his sight and the use of his legs.（分数：2.00）A.excludedB.disabledC.deprivedD.gripped6.On weekends my grandma usually_a glass of wine.（分数：2.00）A.subscribes toB.engages inC.hangs onD.indulges in7.The people living in these apartments have free_to that swimming pool.（
4、分数：2.00）A.accessB.excessC.excursionD.recreation8.At the party we found that shy girl_her mother all the time.（分数：2.00）A.depending onB.coinciding withC.adhering toD.clinging to9.When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he selects people_ and asks them questions.（分数：2.00）A.a
5、t lengthB.at randomC.in essenceD.in bulk10.I think she hurt my feelings_rather than by accident as she claimed.（分数：2.00）A.virtuallyB.deliberatelyC.literallyD.appropriately11.Even though he was guilty, the_judge did not send him to prison.（分数：2.00）A.mercifulB.impartialC.conscientiousD.conspicuous12.T
6、hey had fierce_as to whether their company should restore the trade relationship which was broken years ago.（分数：2.00）A.debateB.clashC.disagreementD.context13.The politician says he will_the welfare of the people.（分数：2.00）A.prey onB.take onC.get atD.see to14.He was_to steal the money when he saw it l
7、ying on the table.（分数：2.00）A.draggedB.temptedC.elicitedD.attracted15.Of the thousands of known volcanoes in the world, the_majority are inactive.（分数：2.00）A.tremendousB.demandingC.intensiveD.overwhelming16.The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains so many _refe
8、rences.（分数：2.00）A.obscureB.acuteC.notableD.objective17.The morning news says a school bus _ with a train at the junction and a group of policemen were sent there immediately.（分数：2.00）A.bumpedB.collidedC.crashedD.struck18.We are writing to the manager_the repairs recently carried out at the above add
9、ress.（分数：2.00）A.with the exception ofB.with the purpose ofC.with reference toD.with a view to19.In the meantime, the question facing business is whether such research is_the costs.（分数：2.00）A.worthB.worth ofC.worthyD.worthwhile20.Although most dreams apparently happen _, dream activity may be provoke
10、d by external influences.（分数：2.00）A.spontaneouslyB.simultaneouslyC.homogeneouslyD.instantaneously二、选词填空(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Choose the correct headings.(15 points) The following passage has six paragraphs A -F. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below. Note there are
11、more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use them all. Write the correct number a h in blanks 1-5. List of Headings a. Vanishing topsoil influences farm productivities. b. Water is being polluted by chemical fertilizers. c. Advantages and disadvantages of fuel produced from crop residues. d. N
12、egative environmental effects were incurred by subsidies. e. Environmental damages were even worsened by government policies. f. Fertilizer use is recommended in some countries. g. A modest cut in subsidies is adopted in some countries. h. Removal of certain subsidies achieves some positive results.
13、Example Answer Paragraph A d A All these activities may have damaging environmental impacts. For example, land clearing for agriculture is the largest single cause of deforestation; chemical fertilizers and pesticides may contaminate water supplies; more intensive farming and the abandonment of fall
14、ow periods tend to exacerbate soil erosion; and the spread of monoculture and use of high-yielding varieties of crops have been accompanied by the disappearance of old varieties of food plants which might have provided some insurance against pests or diseases in future. B Soil erosion threatens the
15、productivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil“s productivity. The country subsequently embarked upon a progr
16、am to convert 11 percent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is vanishing much faster than in America. C Government policies have frequently compounded the environmental damage that farming can cause. In the rich countries, subsidies for growing crops and price suppor
17、ts for farm output drive up the price of land. The annual value of these subsidies is immense:about $250 billion, or more than all World Bank lending in the 1980s. To increase the output of crops per acre, a farmer“s easiest option is to use more of the most readily available inputs; fertilizers and
18、 pesticides. Fertilizer use doubled in Denmark in the period 1960 - 1985 and increased in The Netherlands by 150 percent. The quantity of pesticides applied has risen too; by 69 percent in 1975 - 1984 in Denmark, for example, with a rise of 115 percent in the frequency of application in the three ye
19、ars from 1981. D In the late 1980s and early 1990s some efforts were made to reduce farm subsidies. The most dramatic example was that of New Zealand, which scrapped most farm support in 1984. A study of the environmental effects, conducted in 1993, found that the end of fertilizer subsidies had bee
20、n followed by a fall in fertilizer use(a fall compounded by the decline in world commodity prices, which cut farm incomes). The removal of subsidies also stopped land-clearing and over-stocking, which in the past had been the principal causes of erosion. Farms began to diversify. The one kind of sub
21、sidy whose removal appeared to have been bad for the environment was the subsidy to manage soil erosion. E In less enlightened countries, and in the European Union, the trend has been to reduce rather than eliminate subsidies, and to introduce new payments to encourage farmers to treat their land in
22、 environmentally friendlier ways, or to leave it fallow. It may sound strange but such payments need to be higher than the existing incentives for farmers to grow food crops. Farmers, however, dislike being paid to do nothing. In several countries they have become interested in the possibility of us
23、ing fuel produced from crop residues either as a replacement for petrol(as ethanol)or as fuel for power stations(as biomass). Such fuels produce far less carbon dioxide than coal or oil, and absorb carbon dioxide as they grow. F They are therefore less likely to contribute to the greenhouse effect.
24、But they are rarely competitive with fossil fuels unless subsidizedand growing them does no less environmental harm than other crops.（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph B 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph C 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph D 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph E 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph F 1（分数：2.00
25、）填空项 1:_三、阅读理解(总题数：3，分数：30.00)Every man is a philosopher. Every man has his own philosophy of life and his special view of the universe. Moreover, his philosophy is important, more important perhaps than he himself knows. It determines his treatment of friends and enemies, his conduct when alone and
26、 in society, his attitude towards his home, his work, and his country, his religious beliefs, his ethical standards, his social adjustment and his personal happiness. Nations, too, through the political or military party in power, have their philosophers of thought and action. Wars are waged and rev
27、olutions incited because of the clash of ideologies, the conflict of philippics. It has always been so. World War II is but the latest and most dramatic illustration of the combustible nature of differences in social and political philosophy. Philosophy, says Plato, begins with wonder. We wonder abo
28、ut the destructive fury of earthquakes , floods, storms, drought, pestilence, famine, and fire, the mysteries of birth and death , pleasure and pain, change and permanence, cruelly and kindness, instincts and ideals, mind and body, the size of the universe and man“s place in it. Our questions are en
29、dless. What is man? What is Nature? What is justice? What is duty? Alone among the animals man is concerned about his origin and end, about his purposes and goals, about the meaning of life and the nature of reality. He alone distinguishes between beauty and ugliness, good and evil, the better and t
30、he worse. He may be a member of the animal kingdom, but he is also a citizen of the world of ideas and values. Some of man“s questions have had answers. Where the answer is clear, we call it science or art and move on to higher ground and a new vista of the world. Many of our questions, however, wil
31、l never have final answers. Men will always discuss the nature of justice and right, the significance of evil, the art of government, the relation of mind and matter, the search for truth, the quest for happiness, the idea of God, and the meaning of reality. The human race has reflected so long and
32、so often on these problems that the same patterns of thought recur in almost every age. We should know what these thoughts are. We should know what answers have been suggested by those who have most influenced ancient and modern thought. We shall want to do our own thinking and find our own answers.
33、 It is, however, neither necessary nor advisable to travel alone. Others have helped dispel the darkness, and the light they have kindled may also illuminate our way.（分数：10.00）(1).In the passage, the author says that every man is a philosopher. This is because_ .（分数：2.00）A.every man lives like a phi
34、losopherB.every man is aware of the importance of philosophyC.every man lives in accordance with his world outlookD.every man lives consciously(2).According to Plato, philosophy originated from_.（分数：2.00）A.what we don“t knowB.some miraclesC.the question on what man isD.moral values(3).According to t
35、he author, we can trace the root of war in_.（分数：2.00）A.the power struggleB.the military competitionC.the conflict of ideasD.the racial contradiction(4).In the passage, the author implies that_.（分数：2.00）A.it is not good for people to travel aloneB.one should explore philosophical problems under the g
36、uidance of other philosophersC.one should follow the path of other philosophersD.one would study philosophy with others(5).What is called science or art, according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.The deficit answers of some of man“s questions.B.Man“s thoughts.C.All of man“s questions.D.The meaning of reali
37、ty.1 Debt Settlement USA, Inc. , a leading debt settlement company, today announced that the number of consumers who are choosing debt settlement as an alternative to personal bankruptcy is significantly increasing. Debt Settlement USA expects to see a 40 percent increase in the number of consumers
38、in 2008 who see debt settlement as the best solution to help them deal with financial hardships and a weakening economy versus last year. 2 “ We are in the most difficult credit environment in recent history, “ Jack Craven, President of Debt Settlement USA, said, “ so it“s no surprise that, taken as
39、 a whole, the debt settlement industry has shifted into overdrive. Today“s economic environment is driving an unprecedented number of consumers into additional financial hardships, increasing the number of consumers seeking relief assistance from legitimate debt settlement companies. “ 3 Currently,
40、charge-off and delinquency rates are rising and bankruptcy filings increased by 38 percent from 2006 to 2007, according to Standard Decide whether the following statements are TRUE, FALSE or NOT GIVEN, and write your choice in the blanks.（分数：10.00）(1).As the vehicles are getting more and more, the d
41、emand for gas has increased.（分数：2.00）A.TRUEB.FALSEC.NOT GIVEN(2).With the development of technology, the production can be maximized.（分数：2.00）A.TRUEB.FALSEC.NOT GIVEN(3).The real investment is increasing with the sufficiency of labor services.（分数：2.00）A.TRUEB.FALSEC.NOT GIVEN(4).Most probably the pr
42、ices will get lower in the foreseeable future.（分数：2.00）A.TRUEB.FALSEC.NOT GIVEN(5).The improved efficiency can be offset by the rising demand for transport.（分数：2.00）A.TRUEB.FALSEC.NOT GIVEN四、短文改错(总题数：1，分数：20.00)ANXIETY of college students has reached record levels. 【M1】_Many colleges“ class schedule
43、s make them hard for students to 【M2】_get enough sleep. College-aged individuals are naturally night owls. 【M3】_Students rarely are awake enough to learn in classes that begin at 8 or 8 : 30 amsay nothing of those beginning even earlier. 【M4】_ Some schools have altered the schedules of high schools
44、to reflecting the natural circadian rhythms of teenage students. 【M5】_The systems have reported decreases to students“ tardiness and illness, and increases in their class performance. Colleges should consider of making similar changes. That need 【M6】_not lead to scheduling conflicts. Replacing early
45、-morning classes for late-high expectations about careers, relationships, 【M7】_and appearance may help explain the rise in students“ anxiety can be difficult to build meaningful relationships in large, 【M8】_impersonal campuses, where most of the social life consists of large parties where people dan
46、ce and drink. In contrast, 【M9】_organizing students“ living quarter into “houses“ of about 【M10】_30 people helps students feel that they are part of a cohesive and supportive group.（分数：20.00）(1).【M1】（分数：2.00）_(2).【M2】（分数：2.00）_(3).【M3】（分数：2.00）_(4).【M4】（分数：2.00）_(5).【M5】（分数：2.00）_(6).【M6】（分数：2.00）_(7).【M7】（分数：2.00）_(8).【M8】（分数：2.00）_(9).【M9】（分数：2.00）_(10).【M10】（分数：2.00）_
