1、2012年北京第二外国语学院英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：156.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、选择题(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.Come what _, were not going to make any concession to his unreasonable demands.（分数：2.00）A.mustB.shouldC.canD.may2._, electrons are still smaller.（分数：2.00）A.As atoms small areB.As atoms smaller asC.Small as atoms areD.Smal
2、ler atoms as are3.The manager of the hotel requested that their guests_after 11: 00 p. m.（分数：2.00）A.wont play music loudlyB.dont play loud musicC.not play music loudlyD.didnt play music loudly4.I must try to make_as I can of this project which I have undertaken.（分数：2.00）A.as a logical surveyB.such a
3、 logical surveyC.the same logical surveyD.as logical a survey5.Anthropology is a science_anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.（分数：2.00）A.in thatB.that inC.thatD.in6.Im surprised at there_an index.（分数：2.00）A.not to beB.to
4、be notC.not beingD.being not7._, explorers could never have found the cave.（分数：2.00）A.But for the fissure had been spottedB.If not the fissure had been spottedC.Had the fissure not been spottedD.Had not the fissure been spotted8.After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expa
5、nding education, with girls as well as boys_to go to school.（分数：2.00）A.to be encouragedB.been encouragedC.being encouragedD.be encouraged9.Has Mary finished writing her article? No, and it_two days ago.（分数：2.00）A.should be finishedB.should finishC.should have finishedD.ought to have been finished10.
6、_is well-known to all, too much stress can cause disease.（分数：2.00）A.WhichB.ItC.ThatD.As11.A good harvest was obtained_the worse drought in sixty years.（分数：2.00）A.thoughB.despiteC.because ofD.even12.John was_to be found. I looked_for him, but in vain.（分数：2.00）A.nowhere., anywhereB.somewhere., nowhere
7、C.anywhere., nowhereD.nowhere., everywhere13.Susan had worked for three years to be a computer analyst but found her progress_.（分数：2.00）A.discouragingB.to be discouragedC.discouragedD.to be discouraged14._today, he would get there on Sunday.（分数：2.00）A.Was he leavingB.Were he to leaveC.If he leavesD.
8、If he is leaving15.Issues of price, place, promotion, and product are_conventional concerns in planning marketing strategies.（分数：2.00）A.these of the mostB.most of thoseC.among the many ofD.among the most16.When you are driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right_
9、.（分数：2.00）A.laneB.roadC.trackD.way17.Dreams are_in themselves, but when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.（分数：2.00）A.startlingB.harmlessC.uncontrollableD.uninformative18.Being color-blind, Sally cant make a_between red and green.（分数：2.00）A.differenceB.distinctionC.com
10、parisonD.division19.In order to repair barns, build fence, grow crops, and care for animals, a farmer must indeed be_.（分数：2.00）A.restlessB.versatileC.skilledD.strong20.Although he has become rich, he is still very_of his money.（分数：2.00）A.carefulB.economicC.thriftyD.frugal21.After a long delay, she_r
11、eplying to my e-mail.（分数：2.00）A.got round toB.got away withC.got aboutD.got along22.According to the new tax law, any money earned over that level is taxed at the_of 59 percent.（分数：2.00）A.ratioB.percentageC.proportionD.rate23.When he first started in university, he really felt at_with his majorecono
12、mics.（分数：2.00）A.shoreB.bankC.seaD.ocean24.The company has capitalized_the error of judgment made by its business competitor.（分数：2.00）A.inB.overC.onD.with25.The thieves fled with the local police close on their_.（分数：2.00）A.backsB.necksC.toesD.heels26.Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply
13、 in the morning but_slightly in the afternoon.（分数：2.00）A.regainedB.revivedC.recoveredD.restored27.There are still many problems ahead of us, but by this time next year we can see light at the end of the_.（分数：2.00）A.tunnelB.roadC.dayD.battle28.Professor Johnsons retirement_from next January.（分数：2.00）
14、A.takes effectB.carries into effectC.has effectD.puts into effect29.This spacious room is_furnished with just a few articles in it.（分数：2.00）A.lightlyB.sparselyC.hardlyD.rarely30.Im surprised they are no longer on speaking terms. Its not like either of them to bear a（分数：2.00）A.grudgeB.disgustC.curseD
15、.hatred二、完形填空(总题数：2，分数：60.00)The Treasury could pocket 20 million a year in extra fines once the countrys speed camera network is expanded. Motoring organizations warned that the【C1】_could become a poll tax on wheels, 【C2】_huge number of drivers. There could be many more incidents of vandalism 【C3】_
16、cameras. The warnings came【C4】_a Daily Mail survey found almost all the 23 police forces in England and Wales were either【C5】_to expansion plans or considering 【C6】_. Nationwide, the number of speeding tickets is expected to treble, 【C7】_90 million a year. 【C8】_the scheme, police keep some of the ca
17、sh from fines to【C9】_the costs of fitting and maintaining extra cameras and 【C10】_that existing ones always have film in them. The rest will go to the Treasury. Both Ministers and police insist the scheme is aimed 【C11】_at making roads safer. They point to trials in eight areas which cut collisions
18、by a quarter and deaths and serious injuries by【C12】_a half. But motoring organizations fear cameras will be sited on relatively safe 【C13】_fast stretches to catch as many drivers as possible. Some forces are also expected to 【C14】_the “threshold“ speeds at which cameras are【C15】_to the absolute leg
19、al minimum15 mph in a 10 mph limit, and 26 mph in a 20 mph zone. This could encourage drivers to stare at their speedometers instead of concentrating on the road, and【C16】_to more accidents. Sue Nicholson, head of campaigns at the RAC, said, “We dont have a problem with speed cameras【C17】_. But we d
20、o have concerns about【C18】_they are sited. Police risk losing credibility 【C19】_ motorists if cameras are seen as revenue raising【C20】_safety devices. “（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.promotionsB.punishmentsC.penaltiesD.payments(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.isolatingB.separatingC.alienatingD.detaching(3).【C3】（分数：
21、2.00）A.towardsB.againstC.beforeD.over(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.soB.onceC.asD.where(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.subjectedB.engagedC.intendedD.committed(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.taking partB.keeping silenceC.making exceptionD.paying respect(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.financingB.profitingC.fundingD.netting(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.FromB.Unde
22、rC.OnD.With(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.hideB.coverC.concealD.veil(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.pledgingB.assuringC.confirmingD.ensuring(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.essentiallyB.stronglyC.purelyD.wholeheartedly(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.in allB.fewer thanC.at mostD.up to(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.butB.whereasC.thoughD.while(14).【C14】（分数：
23、2.00）A.fitB.putC.setD.fix(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.leveredB.gearedC.handledD.triggered(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.leadB.addC.contributeD.resort(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.any lessB.by itselfC.after allD.as such(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.whoB.whenC.whereD.which(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.inB.withC.againstD.for(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.i
24、n spite ofB.far fromC.rather thanD.by means ofDisposing of waste has been a problem since human started producing it. As more and more people 【C21】_to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult. During the eighteenth century, it was【C22】_for several neig
25、hboring towns to get together to select faraway spot as a dumpsite. Residents or trash haulers would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem【C23】_n
26、obody lived close by. Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those【C24】_ on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem. Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern
27、society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily【C25】_areas. Such areas rarely have empty land【C26】_for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or too close to residential neighborhoods. Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practi
28、ce, but once farm areas are 【C27】_to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent. Awareness of pollution dangers has 【C28】_in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a【C29】_people can no
29、longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow. Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many town require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, 【C30】_, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a citys reusable waste.（分数：2
30、0.00）(1).【C21】（分数：2.00）_(2).【C22】（分数：2.00）_(3).【C23】（分数：2.00）_(4).【C24】（分数：2.00）_(5).【C25】（分数：2.00）_(6).【C26】（分数：2.00）_(7).【C27】（分数：2.00）_(8).【C28】（分数：2.00）_(9).【C29】（分数：2.00）_(10).【C30】（分数：2.00）_三、阅读理解(总题数：3，分数：30.00)After what could well be called a whirlwind courtship, Margaret unaccountably marr
31、ied him. The incongruity of the marriage was underlined by the fact of her undoubted physical beauty and his quite remarkable ugliness. Friends were too stunned for a while to indulge in even mild comment; it was as if the enormity of the match had dulled the edge of malice. He was of insignificant
32、height, fat, and of a singularly unpleasant disposition. His clothes looked as though they had been carefully chosen to give the least possible flattery to an already handicapped body and added to the overall effect of grossness that Nature in her perversity had begun to create some thirty-five year
33、s before. It was thus that they walked together down the aisle, he bobbing at her shoulder like evil imp, she serene and calm, seemingly unaware of the striking contrast. Of course, gossip needs at least a basis of hard fact to feed its flame on, and so George, with no known background and no appare
34、nt antecedents, with few friends and, as far as was known, even fewer enemies, was poor fuel for those professional good friends who attach themselves to some circle and desperately try to compensate for their own inadequacy by laying bare the sores of others. The wedding passed and they immediately
35、 settled into domesticity with scarcely a ruffle. He could be seen regularly on the morning train to town, and it is pleasant to be able to record that his face was, for most of the time, buried in “The Times“ and that his clothes were at least the right color to give the impression of respectable o
36、ccupation. She, on most mornings, went about her various good works or shopped in the village. She was unfailingly polite and was thus well-liked by her neighbors. They entertained enough to fulfill the needs of convention and quickly sank into the comfortable anonymity of suburban life. All seemed
37、set fair for a dull but tolerable existence. There was much disappointment among those who had predict that little short of disaster would ensue from such an unlikely mating. These good friends visited them, in consequence, more frequently perhaps than they would normally have done, in the hope of d
38、etecting the first crack in the structure of their marriage.（分数：10.00）(1).What initially prevented people from making remarks about the marriage?（分数：2.00）A.It was an enormous wedding.B.They were too dull to comment.C.They were too astonished to say anything.D.They had known the couple long before.(2
39、).The writer says that Georges clothes（分数：2.00）A.flattered his handicaps.B.looked awful on him.C.made him look even fatter.D.had been chosen with great care.(3).Why was it difficult to sustain gossip as far as George was concerned?（分数：2.00）A.There was no burning desire to talk about him.B.He was a v
40、ery private person and always kept to himself.C.Neither his friends nor his enemies would say anything about him.D.No one seemed to know where he came from or who his family were.(4).How frequently did they have friends to the house?（分数：2.00）A.Probably too often.B.Often but as courtesy calls.C.When
41、they needed company.D.Only when convention demanded.(5).How did their friends react when the marriage seemed to be a success?（分数：2.00）A.They predicted that it would be a disappointment.B.They hid their disappointment by visiting more frequently.C.They thought it unlikely that the couple would love e
42、ach other.D.They became more determined than ever to see some sign of disagreement.Thanks to closed doors and fierce gatekeepers, bosses are tricky to observe in their natural habitat. Yet it might be useful to know what they do all day, and whether any of it benefits shareholders. A new Harvard Bus
43、iness School working paper sheds some light. Researchers asked the chief executives of 94 Italian firms to have their assistants record their activities for a week. You may take this with a grain of salt. Is the bosss assistant a neutral observer? If the boss spends his lunch hour boozing, or in a m
44、otel with his assistant, will she record this truthfully? Nonetheless, here are the results. The average Italian boss works for 48 hours a week and spends 60% of that time in meetings. The most diligent put in another 20 hours. And the longer they work, the better the company does. Less diligent chi
45、ef executives are more likely to have one-to-one meetings with people from outside the company. The authors speculate that such people are trying to raise their own profile, perhaps to secure a better job. Bosses who work longer hours, by contrast, spend more of them meeting their own employees. Bosses often complain that they get bogged down in day-to-day operations, says Rajesh Chandy, a professor at the London Business School. Regulations that make them legally responsible for their underlings wrongdoings are partly to blame. The prospect of jail is a powerful attention-grabber. Ma
