1、2012年南京大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、填空题(总题数：24，分数：48.00)1.1 “s poetry stands up for the civil liberties of the Self in the New World.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_2.Toward the end of the nineteenth century; the 2 writers committed themselves to the premise of “absolute determinism,“ and wrote novel
2、s in which conditions dictated events.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_3.3 is best known for his international novels in which protagonists arrive in Europe with dreams of cultural possession and end with disillusionment.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_4.The epic 4 is the oldest surviving works in Old English.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_5.From
3、 1790s to 1830s in Britain, there was a sweeping literary shift known as 5 whose chief emphasis was upon freedom of individual self-expression.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_6.In the Poetics, Aristotle set down a detailed analysis of 6 whose heroes are high-born individuals whose personalities develop out of moral
4、 choices under extreme pressures.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_7.“Life“s but a walking shadow, a poor player/that struts and frets his hour upon the stage,/and then is heard no more; it is a tale / told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,/signifying nothing. “ The quote above is excerpted from William Shakespear
5、e“s play 7 and 8 took the phrase “ sound and fury“ to be the title of one of his novels.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_8.9 is the position from which the events seem to be observed and presented to the reader.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_9.The phrase 10 was coined by William James in 1890 as a description of the flow of though
6、t within the human mind. It is a phrase much used in the criticism in the new fiction of the 1920s and 1930s.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_10.Author 1Title 2 I stand on top Of our back steps and breath the rich air A mother skunk with her column of kittens swills the garbage pail.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Author 1Title
7、2 I am going to take just one little tiny nip more, sort of to put the stopper on, so to speak. Then put the bottle away so I won“t be attempted. I want you to look at my figure! You know I haven“t put on one ounce in ten years, Stella?（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_12.Author 1Title 2 I have invented an invaluable
8、 permanent invalid called Bunbury, in order that I may be able to go down into the country whenever 1 choose.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_13.Author 1Title 2 If I were a dead leaf though mightest bear; If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee; A wave to pant beneath thy power, and share（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_14.Author 1
9、Title 2 The darkness drops again; but now I know That twenty centuries of stony sleep Were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle, And what rough beast, its hour come round at last, Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_15.Author 1Title 2 Some books are to be tasted, others to be swa
10、llowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_16.Author 1Title 2 Though use make you apt to kill me, Let not to that, self-murder
11、 added be, And sacrilege, three sins in killing three.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_17.Author 1Title 2 She could see the tablecloth, white linen with a drawn thread-work border, and thick embroidered flowers spilling in swags deepening and paler shades of the same color. She mostly saw the flowers as roses, thoug
12、h many of them, looked at more closely, were hybrid or imaginary creations. She was overdoing the pink.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_18.Author 1Title 2 Moving the lamp as the man moved, I made out that he was substantially dressed, but roughly; like a voyager by sea. That he had long iron-grey hair. That his age
13、was about sixty. That he was a muscular man, strong on his legs, and that he was browned and hardened by exposure to weather.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_19.Author 1Title 2 Mr. Lucas was almost breathless with excitement. When he stood within the tree, he had believed that his happiness would be independent of l
14、ocality. But these few minutes“ conversation had undeceived him.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_20.Author 1Tide 2 A succession of loud and shrill screams, bursting suddenly from the throat the chained form, seemed to thrust me violently back. For a brief moment I hesitated, I trembled.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_21.Author 1Tit
15、le 2 Hold fast to dreams For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_22.Author 1Title 2 I couldn“t work toady. I couldn“t take no interest. T“hell with the farm! I“m leavin it! I“ve turned the cows an“ other stock loose! I“ve druv“em into the woods whar they kin be fre
16、e!（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_23.Author 1Title 2 Leaving behind nights of terror and fear I rise Into a daybreak that“s wondrous clear I rise（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_24.Author 1Title 2 Out of that again the question sprang at him, making his eyes, as he felt, half-start from his head, as they had done, at the top of the
17、 house, before the sign of the other door. If he had left that one open, hadn“t he left this one closed, and wasn“t he now in most immediate presence of some inconceivable occult activity?（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_二、问答题(总题数：4，分数：12.00)25.Pay special notice to the setting in the story “ A Woman on a Roof. “ Ho
18、w does weather help account for the behavior of the characters? Comment on the effectiveness of the descriptions of the heat wave; of the final rain. Do you find the story a comment on any familiar attitudes of men towards women? Explain your answer.(20%)（分数：2.00）_26.What is the point of view in Hem
19、ingway“s story “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place“? Discuss its appropriateness.(20%)（分数：2.00）_27.Choose ANY TWO from the following list of authors and write a comparative essay focusing on ONE of the following elements; literary style, writing techniques, and thematic concerns.(20%)（分数：2.00）_Read the fol
20、lowing poem and answer the questions.(20 %)Late AirBy Elizabeth BishopFrom a magician“s midnight sleevethe radio-singersdistribute all their love-songsover the dew-wet lawns.And like a fortune-teller“sTheir marrow-piercing guesses are whatever you believe.But on the navy-yard aerial I findbetter wit
21、nessesfor love on summer nights.Five remote red lightskeep their nests there; Phoenixesburning quietly, where the dew cannot climb.（分数：6.00）(1).List of Authors-. William Wordsworth, Oscar Wilde, E. M. Forster, James Joyce, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Emily Dickinson, Mark Twain, Arthur Miller.In the first
22、stanza, what suggestions do you find in the magician and the fortune-teller? What do the two have in common?(5%)（分数：2.00）_(2).Does line 4 contain a literal fact, a meaningful suggestion, or both? Comment also on the poet“s reference to dew in the last line.(5%)（分数：2.00）_(3).Discuss this comment: “In
23、 “ Late Air“ Elizabeth Bishop doesn“t like vague, soggy language that can mean just any old thing the hearer wants it tothe language of pop songs and penny-in-the-slot fortune tickets. She likes language to be precise and mechanical, like an aerial. She doesn“t want language to be rich in suggestion
24、s. “(10%)（分数：2.00）_三、分析题(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Write a critical essay in response to the quote and questions below.(30 %)Raymond Williams observed in his The Long Revolution(1961)that “the ordinary Victorian novel ends. . . with a series of settlements, of new engagements and formal relationships, whereas t
25、he ordinary twentieth-century novel ends with a man going away on his own, having extricated himself from a dominating situation, and found himself in so doing. “（分数：4.00）(1).Does Williams“s observation bear out your reading of English novels? Why or why not?(10%)（分数：2.00）_(2).If you agree with Will
26、iams, what leads to the difference in denouement? If you disagree, how does the ordinary twentieth-century novel differ from the ordinary Victorian novel in the way they end themselves? Use concrete examples to support your argument.(20%)（分数：2.00）_2012年南京大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、填空
27、题(总题数：24，分数：48.00)1.1 “s poetry stands up for the civil liberties of the Self in the New World.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Roger Williams）解析：解析：罗杰威廉姆斯是美国早期的神学家。他提倡个人和宗教自由，并倡导建立民主政府。2.Toward the end of the nineteenth century; the 2 writers committed themselves to the premise of “absolute determinism,
28、“ and wrote novels in which conditions dictated events.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：naturalist）解析：解析：自然主义文学是现实主义文学吸收了实证主义、遗传学说和决定论的观点而发生演变的结果。自然主义认为，人是受环境(包括自然环境和社会环境)、遗传等因素影响的。3.3 is best known for his international novels in which protagonists arrive in Europe with dreams of cultural possession and
29、 end with disillusionment.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Henry James）解析：解析：亨利詹姆斯(Henry James，1843 一 1916)，是 19世纪继霍桑、麦尔维尔之后最伟大的小说家。他的小说以“国际主题”而闻名。小说中常写美国人和欧洲人之间交往的问题。詹姆斯在小说里大致塑造了两种人物：即世故势利、老练圆滑的欧洲人(包括欧化的美国人)，以及滞留欧洲大陆、通常是天真无邪天使化身的美国少女。詹姆斯常将欧洲人刻画为缺乏道德观念的人，却赋予美国人高尚的道德及强烈的责任感，从而形成了强烈对比。4.The epic 4 is the o
30、ldest surviving works in Old English.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Beowulf）解析：解析：贝奥武夫是英国文学史上第一部最重要的民族史诗。这首叙事长诗在结构上与古希腊史诗伊利亚特相仿。第一部分以神话中的英雄、主人公贝奥武夫先后战胜巨怪的英雄事迹为主要线索，描写了主人公年轻时代的光辉业绩。第二部分记述他晚年时不畏火龙、英勇奋战的壮举。5.From 1790s to 1830s in Britain, there was a sweeping literary shift known as 5 whose chief emphasi
31、s was upon freedom of individual self-expression.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Romanticism）解析：解析：浪漫主义作为一种文艺思潮产生于 18世纪后期欧洲资产阶级革命时代，反映了部分作家和诗人在社会变革时期的人生观和意识形态。浪漫主义文学强调人的主观精神和个性自由，着力表现个人的思想和情感。浪漫主义诗人在政治上反对封建专制和资本主义社会的黑暗，在艺术上与古典主义所标榜的理性和规则对立，强调灵感，发挥想象，主张以诗歌来表达对理想的追求，抒发个人的感情。6.In the Poetics, Aristotle set
32、 down a detailed analysis of 6 whose heroes are high-born individuals whose personalities develop out of moral choices under extreme pressures.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：tragedy）解析：解析：亚里士多德在西方文化史上首次构建了系统的美学理论，即他的诗学。他从哲学高度提炼魅力永恒的希腊艺术精神，铸成了西方美学的开山杰作。亚里士多德在诗学中着重讨论悲剧，剖析其艺术特征及构成要素，展示它的审美意义与价值。这并非单纯讨论创作技
33、巧，而是在论悲剧中展开论述他的美学思想。7.“Life“s but a walking shadow, a poor player/that struts and frets his hour upon the stage,/and then is heard no more; it is a tale / told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,/signifying nothing. “ The quote above is excerpted from William Shakespeare“s play 7 and 8 took the phr
34、ase “ sound and fury“ to be the title of one of his novels.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Macbeth，William Faulkner）解析：解析：威廉福克纳(19871962)是美国南方文学的代表人物。他十分热衷探索在美国南方的大背景下的家庭问题和描写庄园主家族的没落。喧哗与骚动就是这样的一部杰作。小说的书名出自莎士比亚悲剧麦克白第五幕第五场麦克白的台词：“人生如痴人说梦，充满着喧哗与骚动，却没有任何意义。”8.9 is the position from which the events seem to
35、 be observed and presented to the reader.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Point of view）解析：解析：叙事角度指叙述者站在何种角度、以何种方式来叙事，重点解决的是“谁在说”的问题。9.The phrase 10 was coined by William James in 1890 as a description of the flow of thought within the human mind. It is a phrase much used in the criticism in the new fict
36、ion of the 1920s and 1930s.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：stream of consciousness）解析：解析：“意识流”原是西方心理学上的术语，最初见于美国心理学家威廉詹姆斯的论文论内省心理学所忽略的几个问题。他认为人类的意识活动是一种连续不断的流程。这是“意识流”这一概念在心理学上第一次被正式提出。而意识流文学则泛指注重描绘人物意识流动状态的文学作品，既包括清醒的意识，也包括无意识、梦幻意识和语言前意识。意识流文学是现代主义文学的重要分支，主要成就局限在小说领域，在戏剧、诗歌中也有表现。10.Author 1Title 2 I st
37、and on top Of our back steps and breath the rich air A mother skunk with her column of kittens swills the garbage pail.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Robert Lowell, Skunk Hour）解析：解析： 本段选自臭鼬的时光的最后一节。洛威尔(1917 一 1977)是美国自白派诗歌的重要代表人物。臭鼠由时光全诗八节，每两节描述一个场景。整首诗歌描写的是洛威尔进入中年期时的“危机情结”。全诗前 7节描述的是作者颓丧、抑郁的心情，但最后一节随着
38、作者看到臭鼬妈妈的出现，她勇敢无畏地带领宝宝们在夜间觅食的场景深深地触动并鼓舞了作者。臭鼬妈妈本身就是作者心理的投影，冈为洛威尔作为一名诗人，恰恰也是从已经异化了的如垃圾堆一样的都市文明之中汲取养分赖以为生。11.Author 1Title 2 I am going to take just one little tiny nip more, sort of to put the stopper on, so to speak. Then put the bottle away so I won“t be attempted. I want you to look at my figure!
39、You know I haven“t put on one ounce in ten years, Stella?（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Tennessee Williams, A Streetcar Named Desire）解析：解析： 本段选自美国著名戏剧家田纳西威廉斯(1911 一 1983)的名剧欲望号街车。欲望号街车糅合了“性、美国南方和暴力”三个元素，而这些成为威廉斯作品的标记。作者自己评价这部剧时曾经说过：“欲望号街车的意义是现代社会里各种野蛮残忍的势力强奸了那些温柔、敏感而优雅的人。”此段节选描述的就是女主人公布兰琪和她的妹妹斯蒂拉的一段交谈。
40、12.Author 1Title 2 I have invented an invaluable permanent invalid called Bunbury, in order that I may be able to go down into the country whenever 1 choose.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Oscar Wilde, The Importance of Being Earnest）解析：解析： 本段选自英国作家奥斯卡王尔德的著名喜剧认真的重要性。该剧是王尔德的喜剧代表作。其中语言俏皮幽默，剧中人物妙语连珠。作者借用了一
41、个荒诞的故事，批判了英国上层阶级，讽刺了维多利亚时代所谓的高尚的道德与理想。节选中提到的 Bunbury是主人公为了下乡玩乐而杜撰的弟弟。13.Author 1Title 2 If I were a dead leaf though mightest bear; If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee; A wave to pant beneath thy power, and share（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ode to the West Wind）解析：解析： 本段选自英
42、国诗人雪莱(1792 一 1822)的著名诗歌西风颂的第四节。诗人由自然界的电闪雷鸣自然地联想到人世间的狂风暴雨。1819 年 8月，曼彻斯特的 8万名工人为争取生活权利举行示威游行，英国政府竞派骑兵镇压，致使 15名工人被杀，400 人受伤。西风颂正是在这样的背景下创作而成，诗人借自然景物来抒情言志，表达对黑暗的反抗，对光明的热切期盼和向往，以及对未来的坚定信念和希望。节选的第四节中诗人写到了自己，他呼唤西风将“我”带走，像树叶、浮云、水波一样，不羁地、自由地浮游于世界。14.Author 1Title 2 The darkness drops again; but now I know T
43、hat twenty centuries of stony sleep Were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle, And what rough beast, its hour come round at last, Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：William Butler Yeats, The Second Coming）解析：解析： 本段选自英国诗人叶芝(18651939)的名诗第二次降临。这首诗的题目指的是传统基督教的一个信念：基督会在将来
44、的某天重返这个世界，并且会在善恶之战中消灭旧有的文明之后，统治这个世界。基督在未来的再生被称为第二次降临。诗人写这首诗的时候(1919 年)正值一次世界大战结束之际，爱尔兰(叶芝的祖国)正处于动荡与流血冲突之中。惨烈的战争似乎预示着旧有的基督教文明的终结，而一个可怕的时代即将来临。狂野的狮身人面怪兽将出现，象征着叶芝对西方文明的幻灭感，讽刺的是这个“第二次降临”不是和平地到来，伴随它而来的，将是由一个可怕的野兽带来的巨大的混乱时代。诗的结尾处，那个狮身人面怪兽正走向伯利恒去投胎，犹如两千年前耶稣基督的诞生一样，预示着一个新的时代的到来，只是这一次是一个可怕的两千年。15.Author 1Tit
45、le 2 Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Francis Bacon, Of Studies）解析：解析： 本段选自英国作家培根(1561 一 1626)的散文论学习。 【节选译文】 有些书可浅尝辄止，有些书可囫囵吞枣，但有少量书需细细咀嚼，慢
