1、 2014 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 （ 新课标 I 卷） 英语 第二部分阅读理解 （共两节，满分 60 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题 ;每小题 3 分，满分 45 分） 阅读下列短文 ，从每题所给的四个选项 （ A 、 B 、 C 和 D ）中 ， 选出最佳选项 。 A The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge! The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the s
2、ixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites , even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it inspires them to explore their world. Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo
3、or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue, Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony
4、 during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will exhibited and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in celebration and brunch will be served. Between Mar
5、ch 10th and March 15h, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at :http:/ cambridgesciencefestival.org. 21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge? A. School stud
6、ents. B. Cambridge locals. C. CSF winners. D. MIT artists. 解析： 细节题。根据文章第一段 2,3 行 The challenge invites , even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it inspires them to explore their world.可知这个活动主要的参加对象是学校里的学生。故 A正确。
7、答案： A 22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held? A. On February 8th. B. On March 10th. C. On March 15th D. On April 21st. 解析： 细节题。根据文章第三段 Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honor at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st.可知进入挑战 赛的并获奖
8、的同学将在 4 月 21 日的颁奖典礼上接受颁奖。故 D 正确。 答案： D 23. What type of writing is this text? A. An exhibition guide. B. An art show review. C. An announcement. D. An official report. 解析： 推理题。本文主要介绍了 The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge 剑桥科技节的很多信息，属于应用文中的通知。也就是让别人知道这件重大活动的情况。故 C 正确。 答案： C B Passenger
9、pigeons (旅鸽 )once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks (群 )so large that they the sky for hours. It was calculated that when it population reached its highest point ,they were more than 3billlion passenger pig
10、eonsa number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen n
11、ear Cincinnati. Sadly the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were most abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands, Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settl
12、ed to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants. By the closing decades of the 19th century ,the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans need for wood, which scattered (驱散 ) t
13、he flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again. In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons but by then, no sizable flocks had be
14、en seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wi pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time , a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1, 1914. 2
15、4. In the 18th and early 19teh centuries, passenger pigeons_. A. were the biggest bird in the world B. lived mainly in the south of America C. did great harm to the natural environment D. were the largest bird population in the US 解析： 细节题。根据文章第一段 3,4行 It was calculated that when it population reache
16、d its highest point ,they were more than 3billlion passenger pigeonsa number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.可知鸽子在当时是美国数量最多的 鸟类。故 D 正确。 答案： D 25. The underlined word undoing probably refers to the pige
17、ons _. A. escape B. ruin C. liberation D. evolution 解析： 推理题。根据文章第二段 3,4 行 there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands, Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at
18、a time.可知很多鸽子都被捕捉并杀死卖往餐厅。所以该词应该是指鸽子遇见了毁灭性的打击。故 B 正确。 答案： B 26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons? A. To seek pleasure. B. To save other birds. C. To make money. D. To protect crops. 解析： 推理题。根据第二段最后一句 The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.可知鸽子被捕捉并背
19、运往大城市卖给了各个餐厅，说明人们捕捉鸽子是为了挣钱。故 C 正确。 答案： C 27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan? A. It was ignored by the public. B. It was declared too late. C. It was unfair. D. It was strict. 解析： 推理题。根据本段第二行 but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirme
20、d wi pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900.可知虽然制定了法律，但是十年以后还没有看见成规模的很多的鸽子，说明这部法律的发行已经晚了。故 B 正确。 答案： B C A typical lion tamer（驯兽师） in peoples mind is an entertainer holding a whip( 鞭 ) at a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but its mostly for show. In re
21、ality, it the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair n front of the lions face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options,
22、 the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair. How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more)only to end up confused by all of the options in
23、front of you and never make progress? This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is been the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we cant focus or that were
24、 focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving. It doesnt have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing,. You just need to get started. S
25、tarting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to becometake immediate action. If youre clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out
26、 of the way. 28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair? A. To trick the lion. B. To show off his skills. C. To get ready for a fight. D. To entertain the audience. 解析： 推理题。根据文章第一段最后一句 When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.可知
27、把椅子放在狮子前面的时候，狮子被椅子的四条腿迷惑住了，不知道该攻击那一个。所以椅子起着迷惑狮子的作用。故 A正确。 答案： A 29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair? A. They feel puzzled over choices. B. They hold on to the wrong things. C. They find it hard to make changes. D. They have to do something for show 解析： 推理题。根据文章第二段 How often
28、 do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight., start a business, travel more)only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?可知当我们面临着很多选择的时候，我们也会很困惑，不知道该选择哪一种。这一点和面对椅子的狮子是相似的。故 A 正确。 答案： A 30. What is the authors attitude towards the expert menti
29、oned in Paragraph3? A. Tolerant. B. Doubtful. C. Respectful. D. Supportive. 解析： 推理 题。根据第三段 The end result is that we feel like we cant focus or that were focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.说明作者对于专家有怀疑，因为我们最后采取的行动较
30、少，取得的进步也小。故 B 正确。 答案： B 31. When the world is waving a chair in your face, youre advised to_. A. wait for a better chance B. break your old habits C. make a quick decision D. ask for clear guidance 解析： 推理题。根据文章最后一段 2,3 行 All you need to do is focus on one thing,. You just need to get started. Starti
31、ng before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people.可知当我们面对多种选择的时候，我们需要的只是立刻采取行动。故 C 正确。 答案： C D As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken aro
32、und the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational , Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations _UNESCO and National Geographic among themhave for many years been
33、documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect. Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Centre Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethno linguisti
34、c Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal. Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan re
35、aches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China . But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record. At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials-including photographs, films, tape recordings, and field noteswhich had remained unstu
36、died and were badly in need of care and protection. Now, through the two organizations that he has founded the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project _Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, for the world available not just to scholars but to the younger generati
37、ons of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities. 32. Many scholars are making efforts to_. A. promote global languages B. r
38、escue disappearing languages C. search for language communities D. set up language research organizations 解析： 细节题。根据第二段 2,3 行 have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.可知很多学者正在记录这些即将消失的语言和文化。以防止这些语言和文化永远地消失。他们在挽救这些文化。故 C 正确。 答案： B 33. What does that tradition
39、 in Paragraph 3 refer to ? A. Having full records of the languages. B. Writing books on language teaching. C. Telling stories about language users. D. Living with the native speaker. 解析： 推理题。根据文章第二段 have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.可知很多学者正在记录这些即将消失的语
40、言和文化。以防止这些语言和文化永远地消失。而 Mark Turin 正在 following in that tradition（追随这样的传统）。所以这 里的 It 就是指前面一 段里的学者在记录这些即将消失的语言和文化。故 A 正确。 答案： A 34. What is Turins book based on? A. The cultural studies. B. The documents available at Yale. C. His language research in Bhutan. D. His personal experience in Nepal. 解析： 细节
41、题。根据文章第三段中的 grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.这本书的内容出自他在尼泊尔生活，工作以及抚养家人的经历。说明这本书是以他的个人经历为基础的。故 D 正确。 答案： D 35. Which of the following best describe Turins work? A. Write, sell and donate. B. Record, repair and reward. C. Collect, protect and recon
42、nect. D. Design, experiment and report. 解析： 推理题。根据文章第四段 Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China .他一直都在收集这些材料；根据文章第五段 which had remained u
43、nstudied and were badly in need of care and protection 可知他在努力这些材料。再根据文章最后一段 the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities 可知 C 项说法是正确的。 答案： C 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 15 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 .
44、By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1. Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious. 37 . Ask kids, What ingredients (配料 )can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ? and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes
45、better? What could we try next time? 2. Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new 38 . There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their cre
46、ativity. 3. Personal skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know whats going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 39 . Why do you think shes crying? Can you tell
47、how that man is feeling by looking at his face? If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel? 4. Self Expression 40 there are many ways to express thoughts and ideas music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. A. Encoura
48、ge kids to cook with you. B. And we cant forget science education. C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist? E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 解 析： 36. 推理题。根据前一句 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented 未来的工作还没有发明出来。所以我们也不知道它们究竟是什么样子的。更
