1、 2014 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(陕西卷) 英语 第一部分:英语知识运用(共四节,满分 55 分) 第一节 语音知识(共 5 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 5 分) 从每小题的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。 1. open A. become B. across C. lonely D. balcony 2. teacher A. great B. heavy C. idea D. disease 3. physics A. pleasure B. music C. sure D. increase 4. weather A. w
2、armth B. method C. theory D. breathe 5. brown A. however B. sorrow C. knowledge D. owner 答案: 1-5CDBDA 第二节 情景对话(共 5 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 5 分) 根据对话情境 和内容,从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项 。选项中有两个为多余选项。 Linda: Hello, George. 6 George: Hi, Linda. Im reading a tourist guide to Europe. Linda: 7 George: Yes, Im looking t
3、o such a trip. Hey, have you ever been there? Linda: Yes. Ive actually visited my countries in Europe; France, Germany, Italy and Austria, for example. George: 8 And how long did you stay? Linda: Two years ago. For over one month. George: Did you like it? Linda: 9 There are many ancient churches and
4、 castles. Its the best trip Ive ever taken. George: Sounds great. 10 Linda: Good idea. You wont regret it. A: Of course. B: Not exactly. C: What are you doing? D: When did you go there? E: Do you plan to move to Europe? F: Are you thinking of visiting Europe some day? G: I decide to make a trip next
5、 October on my annual leave. 答案: 6-10 CFDAG 第三节 语法和词汇知识(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分) 从每小题的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项, 。 11. I got that job I wanted at the public library. _! Thats good news. A. Go ahead B. Cheers C. Congratulations D. Come on 解析: 本题四个选项中的交际用语都是平时常考的内容。 A 去做吧! B 举杯敬酒的用语;谢谢;再见;振作起来
6、; C 祝贺你; D 加油;得了吧!加油: 我得到了公立图书馆里的那份我想要的工作。 祝贺你。根据句义可知对方梦想成真。所以要祝贺对方。故 C 正确。 答案: C 12. Its quite hot today. Do you feel like _ for a swim? A. to go B. going C go D. having gone 解析: 本题考察的是固定搭配 feel like doing sth.想要做某事;动词短语 feel like 后面只能接动名词做宾语。句义:今天很 热 ,你想要去游泳吗? D 项表示的是已经完成的动作。故 B正确。 答案: B 13. Pleas
7、e send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position. A. that B. which C. as D. what 解析: 本题定语从句的先行词是 all the information,后面的定语从句 you have about the candidate for the position 中动词 have 后面缺少宾语,所以使用关系代词 that/which;当指物的先行词前面有 all 修饰的时候,要使用关系代词 that。关系代词 as 引导的定语从句的先行词前面提出要有 the
8、same 等修饰。 What 不能定语从句的引导词。句义:请把你有的申请这个 职位的所有候选人的信息都发给我。故 A 正确。 答案: A 14. The Scottish girl _ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest. A. by B. of C. in D. with 解析: 本题中的 with 表示有,佩戴;其余三个介词都没有这个用法。句义:能够长着蓝眼睛的苏格拉女孩在第五届汉语演讲比赛里得到了第一名。故 D 正确。 答案: D 15. _ the delayed flight will t
9、ake off depends much on the weather. A. Why B. When C. That D. What 解析: 本题是名词性从句中的主语从句。句义:被延误的航班何时起飞要取决于天气。 Why表示原因, that 在名词性从句中不充当成分,也没有意义; What 通常要在句中做主语,宾语或者表语。根据句义说明使用 when。故 B 正确。 答案: B 16. You know, I met my girlfriends parents for the first time only yesterday. _? I thought youd met them bef
10、ore. A. So what B. Pardon C. Really D. What for 解析: 句义: 你知道的,我昨天第一次见女朋友的父母亲。 真的吗?我还以为你以前见过他们的。根据句义可知 really 表示惊讶或者怀疑等难以置信的语气。 A 哪有怎么样? B 请再说一次; D 为了什么?根据句义说明 C 正确。 答案: C 17. No sooner _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause. A. had Mo Yan B. Mo Yan had C. has Mo Yan D
11、. Mo Yan has 解析 : 本题中的固定句式 no sooner than 一 就 ; 当否定词放在句首的时候 , 主句中要使用部分倒装的形式。句义:莫言一走上舞台,观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。根据句义可知莫言走上舞台是在观众鼓掌之前,而观众鼓掌已经使用了一般过去时,在这之前的动作要使用过去完成时。同时要使用倒装句式。故 A 正确。 答案: A 18. Ralph W. Emerson would always_ new ideas that occurred to him. A. set off B. set about C. set up D. set down 解析: 本题考察的是
12、动词 set 的短语辨析。 A 出发,开始;点燃; B 着手,开始(后面接动名词 doing); C 建立,成立,设立; D 写下,记下;句义: Ralph W. Emerson 过去常常会记下他突然想起的新的主意。根据句义说明本句中使用 set down 表示写下,记下。故 D 正确。 答案: D 19. _ village where I was born has grown into _town. A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a 解析: 本题第一空后面的名词 village 的后面有定语从句 where I was born 修饰,说明该词
13、表示特指,使用定冠词 the 表示特指。 第二空后的名词 town 是一个可数名词,使用 a 修饰,表示泛指。句义:我出生的那个小山村已经成为了一个小镇。根据句义说明 A 正确。 答案: A 20. _the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. A. Working out B. Worked out C. To work out D. Work out 解析: 本题考察的是不定式做目的状语的用法,在非 谓语动词中通常只有不定式才可以表示目的状语。句义:为了算出这个数学问题,我已经
14、咨询了拉塞尔教授好几次了。 ABD 三项都不能表示目的状语。故 C 正确。 答案: C 21. Id appreciate_ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. A. it B. you C. one D. this 解析: 本句是 it 的特殊用法。有语法家称为:无所指 it;常见用法为 make it 成功了; got it明白了。本句句式: I would appreciate it if/when 如果 我感激不尽 ;句义:如果你能提前让我知道你是否回来我将感激不尽。故 A 正确。 答案:
15、A 22. During his stay in Xian, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends _, A. would recommend B. had recommended C. have recommended D. were recommending 解析: 句义:在 Jerry 待在西安期间,他尝试了他的朋友向他推荐的几乎所有的食物。根据句义可知他的朋友向他推荐食物是在 Jerry 尝试的食物之前,句中已经使用了 tried,所以推荐使用过去完成时。故 B 正确。 答案: B 23. We would rather
16、our daughter _at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer. A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay 解析: would rather 后面的从句要使用虚拟语气,如果从句表示与现在将来相反,所以使用一般过去时,如果与过去相反,要使用过去完成时。句义:我们宁愿我们的女儿待在家里,但是这是她的选择,她已经不再是孩子了。根据句义可知是与现在相反,所以使用一般现在时。故 C 正确。 答案: C 24. The young couple,
17、who returned my lost wallet, left _ I could ask for their names. A. while B. before C. after D. since 解析: 本题考察的是状语从句连词辨析 .while 当 时;然而; before 在 之前; after 在 之后; since 自从; before 有多种不同的翻译方法。句义:归还我丢掉的钱包的那对年轻的夫妻在我问他们名字之前就离开了。故 B 正确。 答案: B 25. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who _have taken it?
18、 A. need B. must C. should D. could 解析: 本题考察的是 “情态动词 +have done”的用法。该结构既可以表示虚拟,也可以表示对过去情况的推测。 Need have done 本可以做某事,实际上却未做; must have done 一定做了某事; should have done 本应该做某事,实际上却未做; could have done 可能做了某事 /本可以做某事,实际上却未做;句义:我的书 The House of Hales,不见了。可能是谁拿走了它呢?根据句义可知本句中的 could have done 表示 “可能做了某事 ”。故 D
19、 正确。 解析: D 第四节 完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中,选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项。 It was Mothers Day and I was shopping at the local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were 26 , we realized that only minutes earlier an 27 woman had fallen over at the entrance and h
20、it her head on the ground. 28 was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock. 29 a lot of people stopped to help out. 30 we were walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very 31 about what had happened to the elderly couple. He 32 to me, “Mom, its no
21、t much fun falling over in front of 33 .” Seeing that there was a flower stall(摊位) at the front of the supermarket, he added, “Why shouldnt we 34 the lady a flower? It will make her feel better.” I was 35 that hed come up with this 36 idea. So we went over and told the flower seller 37 we wanted. “J
22、ust take it,” she replied. “I 38 take your money for such a wonderful 39 .” By now medical staff had arrived, and were 40 the injured woman. We gave the flower to the womans husband and I told him it was 41 my son. At that, the old man started crying and said, “Thank you very much.” He then turned t
23、o me, “You have a 42 son. Happy Mothers Day to you.” The man bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling her who it was from 43 being badly hurt, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with 44 in her eyes and gave him a little 45 . 26. A. leaving B. driving C. moving D. stopping 解析: 考察动词词义辨析及上下文串联。 A
24、 离开; B 驾车; C 移动; D 停止;当我们正要离开的时候,我们意识到就在几分钟前一位老妇人摔倒在入口处,头部撞到了地上。他们去出口,说明他们要回家了。故 A 正确。 答案: A 27. A. injured B. awkward C. honest D. elderly 解析: 考察形容词辨析及上下文串联。 A 受伤的; B 笨拙的; C 诚实的; D 年老的;根据 31空后 the elderly couple 可知她是一个老人。我们意识到就在几分钟前一位老妇人摔倒在入口处,头部撞到了地上。故 D 正确。 答案: D 28. A. Her husband B. My son C. T
25、he crowd D. The seller 解析: 考察名词辨析及上下文串联。 A 她丈夫; B 我儿子; C 人群; D 售货员;根据 31 空后 the elderly couple 可知他们是一对夫妻一起出来的,那么是她的丈夫和她在一起。故 A 正确。 答案: A 29. A. Specifically B. Particularly C. Interestingly D. Fortunately 解析: 考察副词词义辨析。 A 特别地; B 尤其地; C 有趣地; D 幸运地;她流了很多血,到处都是。这让她很尴尬,但是幸运地是 很多人都停下了帮助她。很多人都帮助她,这真是幸运的事情。
26、故 D 正确。 答案: D 30. A. If B. Since C. While D. Unless 解析: 考察连词辨析。 A 如果; B 自从; C 当 时;然而; D 除非,如果 不 ;当我们朝着事发地点走过去的时候,我儿子很担心这位老人。根据句中的 were walking 说明应该使用 while。故 C 正确。 答案: C 31. A. guilty B. curious C. angry D. worried 解析: 考察形容词词义辨析及上下文串联。 A 内疚的,有罪的; B 好奇的; C 生气的; D 担心的;当我们朝着事发地点走过去的时候,我儿子很担心这位老人。根据下文他给
27、他们买花说明他很担心同情他们。故 D 正确。 答案: D 32. A. complained B. said C. lied D. responded 解析: 考察动词词义辨析及语境理解。 A 抱怨; B 说; C 说谎; D 回应;儿子对我说:妈妈,在很多人面前摔倒可不是好玩的事情。 ACD 三项不符合语境, say to sb 对某人说。故 B 正确。 答案: B 33. A. no one B. someone C. everyone D. anyone 解析: 考察代词辨析。 A 没有人; B 某个人; C 所有人; D 任何人;儿子对我说:妈妈,在很多人面前摔倒可不是好玩的事情。老人
28、摔倒是所有人都看到的。故 C 正确。 答案: C 34. A. lend B. bring C. leave D. buy 解析: 考察动词词义辨析及上下文串联。 A 借出; B 带来; C 离开; D 购买;为什么不给她买一束花呢?这会让她感觉好起来。本句是儿子对我的建议。故 D 正确。 答案: D 35. A. amazed B. shocked C. puzzled D. concerned 解析: 考察形容词辨析及语境串联。 A 惊讶的; B 震惊地; C 困惑的; D 担心的;我很惊讶他能够想起这样一个很好的想法。儿子才 5 岁,就能够想起这个主意,让我很惊讶。 故 A正确。 答案:
29、 A 36. A. wise B. sweet C. innocent D. crazy 解析: 考察形容词词义辨析及语境串联。 A 明智的; B 甜的;愉快的,快乐的;温柔的,亲切的;芳香的; C 无辜的,幼稚的; D 疯狂的;五岁的孩子能够想出这样一个让人愉快的主意真让人惊讶。故 B 正确。 答案: B 37. A. which B. when C. what D. whether 解析: 考察语法分析。本句是一个宾语从句,作为动词 told 的宾语,在宾语从句中 what 既引导起这个宾语从句,也在句中做动词 want 的宾语。我们故事卖花的人我们想要的东西。故 C 正确。 答案: C
30、38. A. must not B. cant C. may not D. neednt 解析: 考察词义辨析。 A 禁止,千万不能; B 不可能; C 也许不; D 不需要,不必;买花的人:我们不能收你的钱,因为你做的是一件很棒的事情。根据句义说明 cant 符合上下文串联。 答案: B 39. A. scene B. habit C. flower D. deed 解析: 考察名词词义辨析。 A 场景,风景; B 习惯; C 花; D 行为;儿子买花给老人向他们表示同情这是很棒的行为。故 D 正确。 答案: D 40. A. checking with B. looking after C
31、. operating on D. paying for 解析: 考察短语辨析及语境串联。 A 核对; B 照顾; C 做手术; D 付钱; 救护人员已经到场了,正在照顾这位受伤的老人。根据句义可知救护人员来了,应该是为了照顾这老人。故 B正确。 答案: B 41. A. from B. to C. with D. about 解析: 考察介词辨析。 A 来自; B 向,给; C 和; D 关于;我把花送给了老人的丈夫,告诉他这个花是我的儿子送的。本句中的 from 表示花的来源。故 A 正确。 答案: A 42. A. respectful B. cheerful C. successful
32、 D. wonderful 解析: 考察形容词词义辨析及语境串联。 A 尊敬的; B 兴高采烈的; C 成功的; D 很棒的;老人哭着对我说:谢谢你,你有一个很棒的儿子。母亲节快乐。故 D 正确。 答案: D 43. A. Out of B. Regardless of C. Thanks to D. As to 解析: 考察介词短语辨析。 A 出于; B 不管不顾; C 多亏; D 至于,关于;老人的丈夫朝我鞠躬,并把花给了他的妻子,告诉她花是我的儿子送的 。尽管受了伤,他的妻子还是带着爱意看着我的儿子,朝着他微笑。故 B 正确。 答案: B 44. A. love B. hope C. p
33、ity D. pain 解析: 考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。 A 爱; B 希望; C 遗憾; D 痛苦;儿子给她送花,她认为我的儿子很出色,很喜欢我的儿子,所以是眼带爱意看着他。故 A 正确。 答案: A 45. A. idea B. money C. smile D. comfort 解析: 考察上下文串联。 A 主意,想法; B 钱; C 微笑; D 安慰;老人眼带笑意地看着我的儿子并朝他微笑。故 C 正确。 答案: C 第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节:(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30) 阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选
34、项中,选出最佳选项 。 A Our warming planet is expected to face serious water crisis(危机) in the coming decades which means each nations natural resource will be more important than ever. Percentage of total land area covered by forests( 2011) WORLD AVERAGE 30. 88 TOP 5 AVERAGE 90.15 Freshwater resource, cubic
35、kilometers per year( 2011) WORLD AVERAGE 241 TOP 5 AVERAGE 3.642 Freshwater resource, cubic kilometers per person( 2011) WORLD AVERAGE 6,122 TOP 5 AVERAGE 244, 973 1. SURINAME 94.58 REST OF TOP 5 2. Micronesia 91.66 3. Seychelles 88.48 4. Samoa 88.40 5. Palau 87.61 123. CHINA 22.47 1. BRAZIL 5,418 R
36、EST OF TOP 5 2. Russian Federation 4,313 3. Canada 2,850 4. United States 2,818 5. CHINA 2,813 1. ICELAND 532,891 REST OF TOP 5 2. Guyana 304,723 3. Suriname 166,112 4. Papua New Guinea 114,216 5. Bhutan 106,923 102. CHINA 2,092 46. According to the statistics, what is the world average of freshwate
37、r resource per person? A. 244,973 cubic kilometers B. 241 cubic kilometers C. 3,642 cubic kilometers D. 6,122 cubic kilometers 解析: 细节题。根据第三列 Freshwater resource, cubic kilometers per person( 2011) WORLD AVERAGE 6,122 可知人均淡水是 6,122 cubic kilometers 故 D 正确。 答案: D 47. Which country or region has the mo
38、st freshwater resource per year? A. Guyana B. Brazil C. Iceland D. China 解析: 细节题。根据第二列 1. BRAZIL 5,418 可知排名第一是巴西。故 B 正确。 答案: B 48. Which country or region appears twice on the top 5 lists? A. Bhutan B. Seychelles C. Canada D. Suriname 解析: 细节题。根据第一列中的 1. SURINAME 94.58 和第三列中的 3. Suriname 166,112 可知Su
39、riname 在前五名里出现了两次。故 D 正确。 答案: D B When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines, Iowa, he told me about the only time he had been there. It was in the 1930s, when he was an editor in the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University( SMU) in Dallas, Texas. He also worked as a professor
40、at SMU, and there was a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease. She couldnt afford the operation because her family was poor. Her mother ran a boardinghouse in Galveston, a seaside town near Houston, Texas. She was cleaning out the attic(阁楼) one day when she came across a
41、n old dusty manuscript(手稿) . On its top page were the words, “By O. Henry”. It was a nice story, and she sent it to her daughter at SMU, who showed it to my father. My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O. Henry, and he knew that O. Henry had once lived in Houston. So it was
42、 possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Gainestown boardinghouse, and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident. My father visited an O. Henry expert at Columbia University in New York, who authenticated the story as O. Henrys. My father
43、then set out to sell it. Eventfully, he found himself in Des Moines, meeting with Gardner Cowles, a top editor at the Des Moines Register. Cowles loves the story and bought it on the spot. My father took the money to the girl. It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately neede
44、d. My father never told me what the O. Henry story was about. But i doubt that it could have been better than his own story. 49. Who found the O. Henrys manuscript? A. The girls mother. B. The authors father. C. The girl. D. The author. 解析: 细节题。根据文章第二段 1,2 行 She was cleaning out the attic(阁楼) one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript(手稿) . On its top page were the words, “By O. Henry”.可知正是她的母亲在打扫阁楼的时候发现了欧亨利的手稿的。故 A 正确。 答案: A 50. Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was f