1、考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 21 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Britain“s private schools are one of its most successful exports. The children
2、 of the wealthy【C1】_to them, whether from China, Nigeria or Russia: the number of foreign pupils rose by 1.4% in the last year alone. 【C2】_foreign students, whether educated in British private schools or elsewhere, are decreasingly likely to go to English universities. According to the Higher Educat
3、ion Funding Council for England, 307,200【C3】_students began their studies in the country in 2012-13, down from 312,000 two years earlier and the first【C4】_in 29 years. Student numbers from the rest of the EU fell【C5】_a result of the increase in annual tuition【C6】_in England from 6,000 a year to 9,00
4、0. But【C7】_from India and Pakistan declined most sharply. 【C8】_the visa regime for private schools, which is extremely【C9】_(the Home Office counts private schools as favored sponsors), student visas have been tightened. Foreign students used to be allowed to work for up to two years after graduating
5、. They now have only four months to find a job paying upwards of 20,600 if they want to stay in Britain. This change was【C10】_to deal with sham colleges that were【C11】_offering two-year work visas. But it seems to have put【C12】_serious students too. Nick Hillman of the Higher Education Policy Instit
6、ute says the government has sent unclear messages about the sort of immigration it wants to【C13】_. An emphasis on holding down net immigration discourages young Indians and Pakistanis in particular. Australia and America, which have more【C14】_entry criteria for students, are becoming more favored【C1
7、5】_. Colin Riordan, Cardiff University“s vice-chancellor, adds that Britain“s student-visa regime has become more burdensome and complicated【C16】_. As a result, Britain is losing out to other countries in the【C17】_for talentan odd thing,【C18】_how often the prime minister bangs on about the “global r
8、ace“. Its unwelcoming stand will【C19】_its long-term prospects. And the【C20】_of foreign students from leading British private schools to American colleges may have another, somewhat happier, consequence: America might become rather better at cricket.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.flockB.turnC.devoteD.k
9、eep(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.SoB.AndC.AlthoughD.Yet(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.EuropeanB.overseasC.domesticD.top(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.increaseB.changeC.dropD.period(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.probablyB.inevitablyC.actuallyD.undoubtedly(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.taxB.systemC.assistanceD.fees(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.touristsB.employeesC.arriv
10、alsD.pupils(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.In accordance withB.As a result ofC.By means ofD.In contrast to(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.looseB.reliableC.rigidD.disappointing(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.allowedB.intendedC.scheduledD.determined(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.in particularB.in turnC.in effectD.in time(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.awayB.
11、forwardC.asideD.off(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.supportB.interfereC.restrictD.attract(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.diversifiedB.relaxedC.unifiedD.strict(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.directionsB.scenesC.destinationsD.parts(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.sometimesB.partlyC.temporarilyD.overall(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.contestB.demandC.moodD.s
12、earch(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.exceptB.givenC.concerningD.through(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.benefitB.decideC.harmD.delay(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.returnB.distanceC.riseD.driftDoes the language we speak determine how healthy and rich we will be? New research by Keith Chen of Yale Business School suggests so. The str
13、ucture of languages【C1】_our judgments and decisions about the future and this might have【C2】_long-term consequences. There has been a lot of research【C3】_how we deal with the future.【C4】_, the famous marshmallow studies of Walter Mischel and colleagues showed that being able to resist【C5】_is predict
14、ive of future success. Four-year-old kids were given a marshmallow and were told that【C6】_they do not eat that marshmallow and wait for the experimenter to come back, they will get two marshmallows instead of one. Follow-up studies showed that the kids who were able to wait for the bigger future【C7】
15、_became more successful young adults. Chen“s recent findings suggest that an unlikely【C8】_, language, strongly influences our future-oriented【C9】_Some languages strongly distinguish the present and the future【C10】_other languages can only weakly tell them apart. Chen“s recent research suggests that
16、people who speak languages that weakly distinguish the present and the future are better【C11】_for the future. They accumulate more wealth and they are better able to【C12】_their health. The way these people conceive the future is similar【C13】_the way they conceive the present. As a result, the future
17、 does not feel very【C14】_and it is easier for them to act【C15】_their future interests. Chen analyzed individual-level data from 76 developed and developing countries. The analyses showed that speaking a language that does not have obligatory future markers, such as Mandarin, makes people accumulate
18、more retirement【C16】_smoke less, exercise more, and【C17】_be healthier in older age. Language also has an impact on countries“ national savings rates. Chen“s research shows that language【C18】_our future-related thoughts. And the research also points at the possibility that the way we talk about the f
19、uture can shape our mindsets. Language can【C19】_the future back and forth in our mental space and this might have significant【C20】_on our judgments and decisions.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.hindersB.makesC.guidesD.affects(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.indispensableB.dramaticC.fatalD.direct(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.in
20、toB.atC.ontoD.for(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.In additionB.For exampleC.On averageD.In consequence(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.difficultyB.temptationC.attackD.charm(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.whenC.ifD.though(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.rewardB.chanceC.payD.compensation(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.resultB.factorC.talentD.fact(9).【C9】（分数：2.0
21、0）A.emotionB.scheduleC.behaviorD.idea(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.althoughB.orC.soD.while(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.preparedB.trainedC.understoodD.satisfied(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.checkB.predictC.maintainD.desire(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.withB.asC.toD.in(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.closeB.uncertainC.realD.distant(15).【C15】（分数：2.
22、00）A.at the cost ofB.in accordance withC.with respect toD.in contrast to(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.assetsB.souvenirsC.benefitsD.allowances(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.latelyB.scarcelyC.generallyD.definitely(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.emphasizesB.conveysC.underminesD.structures(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.swayB.spotC.predictD.mo
23、ve(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.differencesB.influencesC.setbacksD.changes考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 21 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Britain“s p
24、rivate schools are one of its most successful exports. The children of the wealthy【C1】_to them, whether from China, Nigeria or Russia: the number of foreign pupils rose by 1.4% in the last year alone. 【C2】_foreign students, whether educated in British private schools or elsewhere, are decreasingly l
25、ikely to go to English universities. According to the Higher Education Funding Council for England, 307,200【C3】_students began their studies in the country in 2012-13, down from 312,000 two years earlier and the first【C4】_in 29 years. Student numbers from the rest of the EU fell【C5】_a result of the
26、increase in annual tuition【C6】_in England from 6,000 a year to 9,000. But【C7】_from India and Pakistan declined most sharply. 【C8】_the visa regime for private schools, which is extremely【C9】_(the Home Office counts private schools as favored sponsors), student visas have been tightened. Foreign stude
27、nts used to be allowed to work for up to two years after graduating. They now have only four months to find a job paying upwards of 20,600 if they want to stay in Britain. This change was【C10】_to deal with sham colleges that were【C11】_offering two-year work visas. But it seems to have put【C12】_serio
28、us students too. Nick Hillman of the Higher Education Policy Institute says the government has sent unclear messages about the sort of immigration it wants to【C13】_. An emphasis on holding down net immigration discourages young Indians and Pakistanis in particular. Australia and America, which have
29、more【C14】_entry criteria for students, are becoming more favored【C15】_. Colin Riordan, Cardiff University“s vice-chancellor, adds that Britain“s student-visa regime has become more burdensome and complicated【C16】_. As a result, Britain is losing out to other countries in the【C17】_for talentan odd th
30、ing,【C18】_how often the prime minister bangs on about the “global race“. Its unwelcoming stand will【C19】_its long-term prospects. And the【C20】_of foreign students from leading British private schools to American colleges may have another, somewhat happier, consequence: America might become rather be
31、tter at cricket.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.flock B.turnC.devoteD.keep解析：解析：冒号后提到单是去年一年，外国小学生的数量就上升了 14%，可见有大量外国小学生来英国求学。A 项 flock 和 to 搭配后表示“涌向”，符合语义逻辑。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.SoB.AndC.AlthoughD.Yet 解析：解析：前文提到外国小学生的数量在增加，本句提到外国学生到英格兰大学就读的可能性日益下降(are decreasingly)，两者间含有转折关系，故选 D 项 Yet。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A
32、.EuropeanB.overseas C.domesticD.top解析：解析：从 down from 312,000 two years earlier(两年前该数字为 312,000)推断，本句仍继续讨论上句所说的外国学生到英格兰大学就读日益下降，此处所讨论的学生仍是外国学生。B 项 overseas 有“海外的，国外的”之意，语义符合。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.increaseB.changeC.drop D.period解析：解析：本句提到两年前该数字为 312,000，说明现在的数字已经下降。C 项 drop 有“下降”之意，语义符合。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）
33、A.probably B.inevitablyC.actuallyD.undoubtedly解析：解析：前半句提到来自欧盟其他国家的学生数量也有所减少从空格后的 a result of(是的结果)推断，破折号后的内容是对学生数量减少的原因进行分析。A 项 probably 意为“或许，可能”，是一种猜测，符合语义逻辑。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.taxB.systemC.assistanceD.fees 解析：解析：从句中的 from 6,000 a year to 9,000 推断，此处讨论的是学生的学费。D 项 fees 和tuition 搭配后表示“学费”，符合语义逻辑。(7)
34、.【C7】（分数：2.00）A.touristsB.employeesC.arrivals D.pupils解析：解析：上句提到来自欧盟其他国家的学生数量也有所减少，从本句中的 declined most sharply(下降最明显)推断，此处仍是与来自海外的学生有关。C 项 arrivals 有“到来者”之意，语义符合。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.In accordance withB.As a result ofC.By means ofD.In contrast to 解析：解析：本句出现两种 visa，一种是私立学校的，另一种是上文提到的 student visas，后者被收
35、紧，由此可见是对两者进行对比。D 项 In contrast to“与成对比”正确。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.loose B.reliableC.rigidD.disappointing解析：解析：括号内提到英国内政部一直把私立学校当成喜爱的赞助商(countsas favored sponsors)，因此内政部对于私立学校的签证制度(visa regime)应是宽松的，与后面所说的学生签证发放被收紧(have been tightened)形成反差，故选 A 项 loose。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.allowedB.intended C.scheduledD.d
36、etermined解析：解析：This change 指的是前面提到的外国留学生毕业后在英国工作的年限的改变和对年薪的要求。从 deal with sham colleges(对付冒牌大学)推断，这是改变的目的，be intended to 意为“旨在”，表示目的，故选 B 项。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.in particularB.in turnC.in effect D.in time解析：解析：that 从句是修饰 sham colleges(冒牌大学)的定语从句，表明这些冒牌大学的目的。它们不是为了培养学生而是给那些想利用先前的留学政策来工作挣钱的外国留学生。C 项 i
37、neffect 意为“实际上”。能准确表达出冒牌大学的实际意图。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.awayB.forwardC.asideD.off 解析：解析：前文提到学生签证被收紧，这意味着很多学生被挡在了门外，从本句的 too(也)推断，serious students(认真求学的学生)也一样被挡在了门外。D 项 off 和 put 搭配后有“阻止”之意，符合语义逻辑。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.supportB.interfereC.restrict D.attract解析：解析：下句提到限制入境移民净数(holding down net immigration)
38、的做法对印度和巴基斯坦的学生影响尤其明显这是对本句 the government 做法的进一步说明。可以推断所填动词应与 hold down(限制)意思相近，C 项 restrict“限制”符合。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.diversifiedB.relaxed C.unifiedD.strict解析：解析：空格所在词语位于非限制性定语从句中，用于描述澳大利亚及美国的学生入境标准，主句的表语中的 favored 一词表明这个标准有利于吸引留学生。B 项 relaxed 表示“宽松的”，语义符合。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.directionsB.scenesC.d
39、estinations D.parts解析：解析：此处对比不同国家的签证制度及留学生人数的因果关系。这些国家都是海外学生前往的留学地点，C 项 destinations 意为“目的地”，符合此处的语境。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.sometimesB.partlyC.temporarilyD.overall 解析：解析：本句的谓语动词 adds 表明说话人是对上文话题做进一步说明，指出英国留学签证政策相对于先前及上述两个国家政策的对比。D 项 overall“总的来说”能概括该话题，符合语义逻辑。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.contest B.demandC.moo
40、dD.search解析：解析：本句提到英国正在输给其他国家(is losing out to)，通常在比赛中才论输赢。A 项contest 意为“竞赛”，in the contest for 意为“在竞赛中”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.exceptB.given C.concerningD.through解析：解析：空格后提到英国首相整天把“全球竞赛”挂在嘴边(bangs on)，所以英国输给其他国家就显得奇怪(odd)。B 项 given 有“鉴于，考虑到”之意，可表示原因。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.benefitB.decideC.harm D.delay解
41、析：解析：本句中 Its 指代英国，它这种不欢迎的立场(unwelcoming stand)对它发展来说是不利的，因此空格处应填一个带有贬义的词。C 项 harm“损害”正确。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.returnB.distanceC.riseD.drift 解析：解析：本句提到外国学生从英国一流的私立学校到美国大学，其中 fromto 表示位置的移动。D项 drift 有“转移”之意，语义符合。Does the language we speak determine how healthy and rich we will be? New research by Keith
42、 Chen of Yale Business School suggests so. The structure of languages【C1】_our judgments and decisions about the future and this might have【C2】_long-term consequences. There has been a lot of research【C3】_how we deal with the future.【C4】_, the famous marshmallow studies of Walter Mischel and colleagu
43、es showed that being able to resist【C5】_is predictive of future success. Four-year-old kids were given a marshmallow and were told that【C6】_they do not eat that marshmallow and wait for the experimenter to come back, they will get two marshmallows instead of one. Follow-up studies showed that the ki
44、ds who were able to wait for the bigger future【C7】_became more successful young adults. Chen“s recent findings suggest that an unlikely【C8】_, language, strongly influences our future-oriented【C9】_Some languages strongly distinguish the present and the future【C10】_other languages can only weakly tell
45、 them apart. Chen“s recent research suggests that people who speak languages that weakly distinguish the present and the future are better【C11】_for the future. They accumulate more wealth and they are better able to【C12】_their health. The way these people conceive the future is similar【C13】_the way
46、they conceive the present. As a result, the future does not feel very【C14】_and it is easier for them to act【C15】_their future interests. Chen analyzed individual-level data from 76 developed and developing countries. The analyses showed that speaking a language that does not have obligatory future m
47、arkers, such as Mandarin, makes people accumulate more retirement【C16】_smoke less, exercise more, and【C17】_be healthier in older age. Language also has an impact on countries“ national savings rates. Chen“s research shows that language【C18】_our future-related thoughts. And the research also points at the possibility that the way we talk about the future can shape our mindsets. Language can【C19】_the future back and forth in our mental space and this might have significant【C20】_on our judgments and decisions.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.hindersB.makesC.guidesD.affects
