1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 21 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Never underestimate the learning power of play. One of Parks“ findings is that
2、children【C1】_valuable learning opportunities when unstructured play is reduced or eliminated【C2】_more time in the classroom. “I think a lot of public school systems【C3】_to see the importance of play,“ says Parks, assistant professor of early childhood education. “【C4】_, play is under-valued and lot
3、of that is because of top-down【C5】_over standards and testing.“ “Their work is often framed in trying to【C6】_out what“s wrong with these kids. It“s very【C7】_and not at all what I【C8】_as a classroom teacher. “ “I found the children【C9】_to learn, and their families were supportive and curious,“ she ad
4、ds. “So when I got to academia, I thought it was【C10】_to read all these studies about kids not being【C11】_, or not being able to solve problems.“ So she【C12】_her own research project with a different approach. She is【C13】_the same minority group of 14 young children for three years, starting in【C14】
5、_, to see how they learn mathematics, both in the【C15】_classroom setting as well as informally in school, and at home. “Just sitting there, looking at what is happening in their 【C16】_surroundings, you can find things that【C17】_you,“ she says. She hopes her research will prove how important play is
6、to【C18】_ problem-solving skills, and in other critical ways. 【C19】_there is something else, just as important for Parks. “It is the equity piece of trying to change the conversation in the research community about what kids can do generally, and what minority kids can do【C20】_,“ she says.（分数：40.00）(
7、1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.attainB.loseC.catchD.create(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.in charge ofB.in terms ofC.in favor ofD.with regard to(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.helpB.continueC.promiseD.fail(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.Right nowB.At one timeC.At no timeD.In the past(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.allocationsB.featuresC.appointmentsD.pressures(6)
8、.【C6】（分数：2.00）A.runB.figureC.turnD.pull(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.deficit-orientedB.student-orientedC.knowledge-orientedD.strength-oriented(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.expectedB.manipulatedC.experiencedD.summoned(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.unwillingB.eagerC.upsetD.disappointed(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.indifferentB.commonC.necessar
9、yD.weird(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.tiredB.unmotivatedC.preparedD.embarrassed(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.distributedB.designedC.releasedD.disregarded(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.challengingB.suspectingC.overlookingD.following(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.middle schoolB.universityC.pre-schoolD.high school(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.forma
10、lB.relaxingC.previousD.casual(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.artificialB.luxuriousC.unfamiliarD.natural(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.surpriseB.upsetC.annoyD.enhance(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.requiringB.perfectingC.developingD.displaying(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.SinceB.ButC.UnlessD.Though(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.in particularB.in shor
11、tC.in consequenceD.in effectResearch has shown thatin both sexes and across numerous culturesattractive people are judged to be smarter, kinder, more honest and【C1】_. With some regularity we hear about the latest beauty contestant who has【C2】_to a softball of a question with an epic fail of a mistak
12、e, a 【C3】_opinion or an incoherent ramble. Ridiculous. But what“s even more ridiculous is that our brains【C4】_us toward believing such peoplejust because they“re【C5】_. In politics, we are also more likely to believe and vote【C6】_people who are attractive. And when it comes to blind【C7】_, numerous st
13、udies discovered that more-attractive individuals are less likely to be【C8】_of crimes and, if so, 【C9】_shorter-than-average sentences for the crime. Why should this be? Some have【C10】_that since it is pleasurable to meet someone attractive and someone good and honest, we【C11】_merge the two. But this
14、 convergence (the occurrence of two or more things coming together) of rewarding experiences seems【C12】_ . Work by two researchers in Duke University【C13】_something more convincing: one part of the brain is involved in rating both the【C14】_of a face and the goodness of a behavior, and the level of a
15、ctivity in that【C15】_during one of those tasks predicts the level during the other. 【C16】_, the brain does similar things when【C17】_beautiful minds, hearts or cheekbones. It“s a【C18】_finding. But there“s also some good news in this story: The brain can get confused in【C19】_directions. That is to say
16、, the same neural wiring that gives【C20】_to “What is beautiful is good“ also generates “What is good is beautiful.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.pessimisticB.selfishC.trustworthyD.handsome(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.adaptedB.respondedC.comparedD.stuck(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.bizarreB.normalC.scientificD.sensible(4)
17、.【C4】（分数：2.00）A.remindB.impairC.perfectD.bias(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.intelligentB.rationalC.charmingD.optimistic(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.againstB.onC.withD.for(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.accuserB.justiceC.educationD.reform(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.convincedB.complainedC.convictedD.approved(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.receiveB.refuseC.c
18、hangeD.announce(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.assessedB.suggestedC.criticizedD.doubted(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.unconsciouslyB.unwillinglyC.uncommonlyD.actively(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.innovativeB.evidentC.devastatingD.dubious(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.inventsB.experimentsC.illustratesD.undertakes(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.hostil
19、ityB.beautyC.characteristicD.ugliness(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.regionB.extentC.disciplineD.subject(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.In a wordB.On the contraryC.On the other handD.In other words(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.discussingB.contemplatingC.exchangingD.denying(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.discouragingB.fascinatingC.tiringD.sc
20、aring(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.all(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.restrictionB.combinationC.mouthD.rise考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 21 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and
21、 mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Never underestimate the learning power of play. One of Parks“ findings is that children【C1】_valuable learning opportunities when unstructured play is reduced or eliminated【C2】_more time in the classroom. “I think a lot of public school systems【C3】_to see the importan
22、ce of play,“ says Parks, assistant professor of early childhood education. “【C4】_, play is under-valued and lot of that is because of top-down【C5】_over standards and testing.“ “Their work is often framed in trying to【C6】_out what“s wrong with these kids. It“s very【C7】_and not at all what I【C8】_as a
23、classroom teacher. “ “I found the children【C9】_to learn, and their families were supportive and curious,“ she adds. “So when I got to academia, I thought it was【C10】_to read all these studies about kids not being【C11】_, or not being able to solve problems.“ So she【C12】_her own research project with
24、a different approach. She is【C13】_the same minority group of 14 young children for three years, starting in【C14】_, to see how they learn mathematics, both in the【C15】_classroom setting as well as informally in school, and at home. “Just sitting there, looking at what is happening in their 【C16】_surr
25、oundings, you can find things that【C17】_you,“ she says. She hopes her research will prove how important play is to【C18】_ problem-solving skills, and in other critical ways. 【C19】_there is something else, just as important for Parks. “It is the equity piece of trying to change the conversation in the
26、 research community about what kids can do generally, and what minority kids can do【C20】_,“ she says.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.attainB.lose C.catchD.create解析：解析：文章首句提到“不要小看玩耍中学习的力量”，意即玩耍能帮助孩子们学习或玩耍能提供孩子们学习的机会。句中提及如果孩子们随意玩耍的时间少了或者没了，那在玩耍中学习的机会也会相应减少。故选 B 项 lose“失去”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.in charge ofB
27、.in terms ofC.in favor of D.with regard to解析：解析：文中提及“课堂学习的时间增多而随意玩耍的时间减少”。据此可推断，在时间安排方面，人们更倾向于学习。因此应选择表倾向性的 C 项 in favor of“偏向”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.helpB.continueC.promiseD.fail 解析：解析：下文提及玩耍是 under-ued(不够重视的)。之所以不够重视，是_ to see the importance of play(因为看到玩耍的重要性)。因此，此处需要填入一个表否定的动词。故选 D 项fail，fail to se
28、e 表示“没有弄明白”，与 under-value 相呼应。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.Right now B.At one timeC.At no timeD.In the past解析：解析：空格后面紧跟的句子使用的是现在时，讲述玩耍不被重视的原因是因为要应付达标和测验。所描述的正是眼下我们面临的情况，所以选择表示现在状态的 A 项 right now。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.allocationsB.featuresC.appointmentsD.pressures 解析：解析：此处需要一个名词解释玩耍不受重视的原因。玩耍是能令人轻松、开心的，但因为达标要求和测试
29、使得大家忽视玩耍，这说明这给人们带来了一些压力。故选 D 项 pressures“压力”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.runB.figure C.turnD.pull解析：解析：下文帕克斯提及她在学校里看到很多关于孩子们的具体不足(如没法解决问题)的研究。因此可推断，学校工作的准则是找出这些不足，故选 B 项，figure out 意为“弄清楚”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.deficit-oriented B.student-orientedC.knowledge-orientedD.strength-oriented解析：解析：上文提及学校关注的是 what“s wro
30、ng with these kids(孩子们有什么问题)，这种只看事情的消极方面的行为属于 A 项 deficit-oriented“以不足为导向的”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.expectedB.manipulatedC.experienced D.summoned解析：解析：下一段首句的“我发现(found)孩子们_ 学习新知识，家长也很支持而且好奇”提示这是帕克斯的一种发现。作为一名老师，这种发现只有通过选项中的 C 项 experience“经历：体验”才能得到。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.unwillingB.eager C.upsetD.disappointe
31、d解析：解析：下文提及家长们的态度是很积极的(supportive and curious)，因此，与此对应，孩子们的态度也应该是积极的，故选 B 项 eager“渴望的”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.indifferentB.commonC.necessaryD.weird 解析：解析：上文“我”的发现是孩子和家长们的态度是积极的(supportive)，但下文提及的“study”的发现却是消极的(not being able to solve problems)。这种反差会让人感觉 weird“奇怪的”，故选D。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.tiredB.unmo
32、tivatedC.prepared D.embarrassed解析：解析：not being_ 与 not being able to solve problems(不能解决问题)为并列的表达，因此前者应为负面信息，而空格前有否定词 not，因此选表示积极语义的词。C 项 prepared“准备好的”符合要求。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.distributedB.designed C.releasedD.disregarded解析：解析：此处需要一个动词与 research project 连用。下文告知了帕克斯研究的对象、方式、特点等，而这些都是被研究者设计出来进行科学研究的。
33、因此选 B 项 design“设计”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.challengingB.suspectingC.overlookingD.following 解析：解析：下文提及的 the samegroupfor three years 提示帕克斯对同一组人群的研究持续了三年。因此，空格处动词应表示“持续调查”，与之相关的是 D 项 following“跟随；密切关注”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.middle schoolB.universityC.pre-school D.high school解析：解析：上文提及研究者帕克斯是专门研究儿童早期教育的副教授
34、，由此可推断应选 C 项 pre-school“学前阶段”。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.formal B.relaxingC.previousD.casual解析：解析：句中 as well as 提示此处是一个并列结构。as well as 的前后部分虽然都是与学校相关，但上文中的 both 提示研究者想强调的是他们观察场合的多样性。相对于下文的 informally in school，classroom setting(课堂环境)就属于较为正式的，故选 A 项 formal“正式的”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.artificialB.luxuriousC.u
35、nfamiliarD.natural 解析：解析：上文强调人们只需要坐在那里看着事情发生，提示我们观察者不需要刻意地参与，因此，孩子们所处的环境是无人干扰的。而且上文也提及本研究的目的是证明自由玩耍的重要性。相对于学习，玩耍的环境应是 D 项 natural“自然的”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.surprise B.upsetC.annoyD.enhance解析：解析：下文提及帕克斯希望她的研究会证明玩耍在解决问题和其他方面的重要性，而这一结果是与上文“孩子们没法解决问题”的论点是不一致的。因此推断。帕克斯研究的结果将会使人 surprise“惊讶”，故选 A。(18).【C1
36、8】（分数：2.00）A.requiringB.perfectingC.developing D.displaying解析：解析：此处需要一个动词与 problem-solving skills 连用，上文提及此研究项目前，提到孩子们不会解决问题，结合本文主题“不要低估孩子们在玩耍中学习的能力”，因此应选具有积极语义的词，C项 develop“发展”符合要求。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.SinceB.But C.UnlessD.Though解析：解析：上文提及帕克斯希望她的研究能达到一个目标(提高解决问题的能力)，此处却说“还有其他的东西也同等重要”。语义上存在转折，故选 B 项
37、 but“但是”。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.in particular B.in shortC.in consequenceD.in effect解析：解析：此处是讲帕克斯希望通过她的研究项目发现有关普通小孩和少数族裔小孩之间的不同处。本题应选与 generally 相对的 A 项 in particular“尤其”。Research has shown thatin both sexes and across numerous culturesattractive people are judged to be smarter, kinder, more honest and
38、【C1】_. With some regularity we hear about the latest beauty contestant who has【C2】_to a softball of a question with an epic fail of a mistake, a 【C3】_opinion or an incoherent ramble. Ridiculous. But what“s even more ridiculous is that our brains【C4】_us toward believing such peoplejust because they“r
39、e【C5】_. In politics, we are also more likely to believe and vote【C6】_people who are attractive. And when it comes to blind【C7】_, numerous studies discovered that more-attractive individuals are less likely to be【C8】_of crimes and, if so, 【C9】_shorter-than-average sentences for the crime. Why should
40、this be? Some have【C10】_that since it is pleasurable to meet someone attractive and someone good and honest, we【C11】_merge the two. But this convergence (the occurrence of two or more things coming together) of rewarding experiences seems【C12】_ . Work by two researchers in Duke University【C13】_somet
41、hing more convincing: one part of the brain is involved in rating both the【C14】_of a face and the goodness of a behavior, and the level of activity in that【C15】_during one of those tasks predicts the level during the other. 【C16】_, the brain does similar things when【C17】_beautiful minds, hearts or c
42、heekbones. It“s a【C18】_finding. But there“s also some good news in this story: The brain can get confused in【C19】_directions. That is to say, the same neural wiring that gives【C20】_to “What is beautiful is good“ also generates “What is good is beautiful.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.pessimisticB.sel
43、fishC.trustworthy D.handsome解析：解析：此处需要一个与 smarter, kinder, more, honest 并列的形容词，所提示的三个词均为评价人物性格的具有积极意义的形容词。因此，应选同为评价人物性格的褒义词 C 项 trustworthy“值得信赖的”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.adaptedB.responded C.comparedD.stuck解析：解析：此处需要一个动词与 a question 连用，下文的 with an epic of a mistake，aopinion or all incoherent ramble(错得离谱
44、、观点或前言不搭后语地闲扯)提示这是对某一个问题作出的反应。故选 B 项 respond“作出反应”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.bizarre B.normalC.scientificD.sensible解析：解析：作为 a mistake 和 an incoherent ramble(前言不搭后语的闲聊)的并列成分，a_ opinion 应与 mistake，incoherent, ramble 相关。四个选项中，只有 A 项 bizarre“奇异的”符合要求。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.remindB.impairC.perfectD.bias 解析：解析：上文提及选
45、手们的回答是错误的或前言不搭后语的，下文则提及我们会相信这些胡言乱语。因为某些原因而相信那些明显错误的内容，这说明我们的大脑“使我们存在偏见”，故选 D 项bias“使有偏见”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.intelligentB.rationalC.charming D.optimistic解析：解析：本部分是对首段中提及的文章主题(长相迷人者往往被认为更聪明、更和善、更诚实)的一个例证。我们相信主题中提及的那些被认为更聪明、更诚实的“长相迷人者”，原因应是他们迷人的长相，因此选与 attractive 近义的 C 项 charming“迷人的”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）
46、A.againstB.onC.withD.for 解析：解析：对于那些长相迷人者，上文提及人们更容易相信他们(to believe)，由此推断在选举中人们也会偏向于“投票赞成他们”，故选 D 项 for。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.accuserB.justice C.educationD.reform解析：解析：此处是本文主题的又一例证，下文的关键词 crime（罪行）和 sjorter-than-average sentence（短于平均水平的刑期）均提示本例证与司法有关。故选 B 项 justice“司法”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.convincedB.compl
47、ainedC.convicted D.approved解析：解析：下文提及的 if so(如果这样的话)和 shorter-than-average sentence(比平均刑期短)均提示我们此处谈论的是有关犯罪行为的定刑。故选 C 项 convicted，be convicted of 意为“被宣判有罪”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.receive B.refuseC.changeD.announce解析：解析：下文 for the crime 提示本句主语是犯了罪的人，犯罪必定受到惩罚，也就是说，他们将会“得到判决”，故选 A 项 receive“得到”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.assessedB.suggested C.criticizedD.doubted解析：解析：空格前提出问题 Why?空格后的 that 从句中解释了我们混淆两者的原因：两者都能令人愉悦(since it is pleasurable to，we merge the two)。由此可推断空格后的 that 从句是有人给出自己的想法，对 Why 作出回答。应选表示“提出看法”的 B 项 suggest。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.unconsciously B.un
