1、考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 87 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Not so long ago, it was the stuff of nightmares: you pick up the landline tele
2、phone and there“s no dialing tone. Nothing. The phone is useless,【C1】_in your hand. For most of the 20th century, this was a horror film stereotype, a symbol of isolation and【C2】_foretold. But just 15 years later, the death of the landline is close to being a【C3】_and one entirely of our own making.
3、BT has announced plans to【C4】_charges for landline calls, in a bid to maintain commercial feasibility for landline services. The move suggests that BTwhich has long【C5】_landlines over mobile callsmay have given up on turning back the clock. In the US, the【C6】_of households that have mobile phone con
4、nection but no landline has risen to a quarter. The most recent research in the UK, put the【C7】_figure at 15%. For millions of today“s twentysomethings, who have had a mobile number since their teens and for whom a landline makes no【C8】_sense during the transient years before they settle down, the m
5、oment of【C9】_into land-line-owning may never come【C10】_it becomes an expensive extra. The death of the landline has gone almost unnoticed. After all, the noise of phone chatting is all around us. What【C11】_does it make whether the cables lie underground or not? A lot,【C12】_. The death of the landlin
6、e is a cultural【C13】_that affects our personal and public lives. It has separated us【C14】_our groupingsin the office, where email has disconnected us from what the people who sit three feet away do all day, and even more【C15】_, at home. In any household in the days before mobiles【C16】_, the landline
7、 served as a switchboard for everyone“s connections outside the home.【C17】_families, couples, roommates, it was a kind of【C18】_knowledge map about the state of everyone“s romantic and social lives, and one we took for granted. And【C19】_though we are to our mobiles, most of the time we aren“t talking
8、 but typing. With its arrogant “ignore“ button, we all become a little more untouchable in our individual worlds, and less【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.honestB.crucialC.tirelessD.dead(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.povertyB.doomC.prosperityD.boom(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.realityB.dreamC.disasterD.ceremony(4).【C4】
9、（分数：2.00）A.dropB.hikeC.evaluateD.calculate(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.proposedB.controlledC.promotedD.permitted(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.spendingB.sectionC.proportionD.income(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.respectiveB.finalC.averageD.equivalent(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.fundamentalB.practicalC.sensibleD.theoretical(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.op
10、tingB.investingC.gettingD.expanding(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.untilB.unlessC.soD.if(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.strategyB.contributionC.differenceD.mistake(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.technicallyB.occasionallyC.specificallyD.actually(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.shiftB.necessityC.clashD.display(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.intoB.fromC.aro
11、undD.against(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.significantlyB.simplyC.scientificallyD.carefully(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.handed outB.turned inC.took overD.set off(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.BetweenB.WithinC.ThroughD.Alongside(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.fashionableB.affordableC.debatableD.invisible(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.admittedB.redu
12、cedC.devotedD.engaged(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.vacantB.availableC.miserableD.unoccupiedSunlight is free, but that is no reason to waste it. Yet even the best silicon solar cellsby far the most【C1】_sortconvert only a quarter of the light that falls on them. Silicon has the【C2】_of being cheap: manufacturin
13、g improvements have brought its price to a point where it is snapping at the heels of fossil fuels.【C3】_many scientists would like to replace it【C4】_something fundamentally better. John Rogers, of the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, is one. The cells he has【C5】_can convert 42.5% of sunligh
14、t.【C6】_improved, Dr Rogers reckons, their efficiency could rise to 50%. Their【C7】_is that they are actually not one cell, but four, stacked one on top of another. Solar cells are made of semiconductors, and every type of semiconductor has a【C8】_called a band gap that is different from that of other
15、semiconductors. The band gap【C9】_the longest wavelength of light a semiconductor can absorb (it is transparent to longer wavelengths). It also fixes the【C10】_amount of energy that can be【C11】_from shorter wavelength. The result is that long-wavelength photons are lost and short-wave ones incompletel
16、y utilised. Dr Rogers【C12】_this by using a different material for each layer of the stack. He chooses his materials【C13】_the bottom of the band gap of the top layer matches the top of the band gap of the one underneath, and so on【C14】_the stack. Each layer thus【C15】_off part of the spectrum, convert
17、s it efficiently into electrical energy and passes the rest on. The problem is that the materials needed to make these semiconductors are【C16】_But Dr Rogers has found a way to overcome this.【C17】_solar-cell modules are completely covered by semiconductor, but in his only 0.1% of the surface is so co
18、vered. The semiconducting stacks, each half a millimeter square, are【C18】_over that surface many dots. Each stack then has a pair of cheap glass lenses【C19】_over it. These focus the sun“s light onto the stack, meaning that all【C20】_light meets a semiconductor.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.conventiona
19、lB.commonC.peculiarD.humble(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.meritB.effectC.accessoryD.bonus(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.ButB.BecauseC.SoD.Also(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.asB.toC.forD.with(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.deducedB.devisedC.detectedD.designated(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.FullyB.NoticeablyC.SuitablyD.Casually(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.secretB.measur
20、eC.prescriptionD.rule(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.locationB.propertyC.titleD.status(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.activatesB.resolvesC.definesD.formulates(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.averageB.maximumC.appropriateD.vast(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.capturedB.leakedC.snatchedD.descended(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.gets alongB.gets offC.gets throug
21、hD.gets round(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.so long asB.now thatC.so thatD.as if(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.alongB.downC.toD.across(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.smashesB.retainsC.drainsD.chops(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.costlyB.livelyC.orderlyD.deadly(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.AdvancedB.SpecialC.NormalD.Odd(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.accumulate
22、dB.assembledC.scatteredD.decorated(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.hungB.mountedC.concealedD.shielded(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.incidentB.occasionalC.eventualD.obvious考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 87 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the
23、best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Not so long ago, it was the stuff of nightmares: you pick up the landline telephone and there“s no dialing tone. Nothing. The phone is useless,【C1】_in your hand. For most of the 20th century, this was a horror film stereotype,
24、a symbol of isolation and【C2】_foretold. But just 15 years later, the death of the landline is close to being a【C3】_and one entirely of our own making. BT has announced plans to【C4】_charges for landline calls, in a bid to maintain commercial feasibility for landline services. The move suggests that B
25、Twhich has long【C5】_landlines over mobile callsmay have given up on turning back the clock. In the US, the【C6】_of households that have mobile phone connection but no landline has risen to a quarter. The most recent research in the UK, put the【C7】_figure at 15%. For millions of today“s twentysomethin
26、gs, who have had a mobile number since their teens and for whom a landline makes no【C8】_sense during the transient years before they settle down, the moment of【C9】_into land-line-owning may never come【C10】_it becomes an expensive extra. The death of the landline has gone almost unnoticed. After all,
27、 the noise of phone chatting is all around us. What【C11】_does it make whether the cables lie underground or not? A lot,【C12】_. The death of the landline is a cultural【C13】_that affects our personal and public lives. It has separated us【C14】_our groupingsin the office, where email has disconnected us
28、 from what the people who sit three feet away do all day, and even more【C15】_, at home. In any household in the days before mobiles【C16】_, the landline served as a switchboard for everyone“s connections outside the home.【C17】_families, couples, roommates, it was a kind of【C18】_knowledge map about th
29、e state of everyone“s romantic and social lives, and one we took for granted. And【C19】_though we are to our mobiles, most of the time we aren“t talking but typing. With its arrogant “ignore“ button, we all become a little more untouchable in our individual worlds, and less【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分
30、数：2.00）A.honestB.crucialC.tirelessD.dead 解析：解析：no dialing tone(没有拨号音)和 useless(没有用处的)都表明固话不能用了。D 项dead“死亡的”表示固话不能用了，也能与下段首句中的 death 一词相对应。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.povertyB.doom C.prosperityD.boom解析：解析：该句的主语 this 指代 the stuff of nightmares，填入的内容与 foretold 搭配，且与前面的 a horror film stereotype(恐怖电影的老套伎俩)和 a sym
31、bol of isolation(象征着孤立无援)并列。B 项 doom“厄运，死亡”搭配 foretold 意为“预兆着不祥”。符合上下文语义。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.reality B.dreamC.disasterD.ceremony解析：解析：本段提到：在美国，拥有手机而没有固定电话的家庭增多了由此可知 the death ofthe landline 即将成为现实，故 A 项 reality“现实”正确。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.dropB.hike C.evaluateD.calculate解析：解析：空格处动词是英铟电信公司对固定电话费用打算采取的措施，
32、目的是要维持固话服务的商业可行性。下文提到使用固定电话的家庭减少，因此 BT 只有上涨话费用才能保证商业正常运作。选 B 项hike“提高(价格等)”，排除 A 项 drop“降低”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.proposedB.controlledC.promoted D.permitted解析：解析：空格后的 landlines over mobile calls(固定电话大于移动电话)表明 BT 公司长期注重固定电话，因此 C 项 promoted“促进，发展”满足语义要求。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.spendingB.sectionC.proportion D.
33、income解析：解析：句子说明在美国，有手机而没有固定电话家庭增多了(has risen)。空格处名词是句子主语的中心词，根据其后的 to a quarter(四分之一)，可以推测此处谈论有手机而没有固定电话的家庭在所有家庭中所占的比例。选 C 项 proportion“比例”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.respectiveB.finalC.averageD.equivalent 解析：解析：根据句中的地点状语 in the UK 以及 15这一表示比例的数字可以推断此句应承接上句，说明有手机而没有固话的家庭在英国所占的比例。D 项 equivalent“(地位、作用等)相当的，
34、对应的”，表明这一数字在英国为 15。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.fundamentalB.practical C.sensibleD.theoretical解析：解析：前一从句提到这些二十来岁的年轻人从十几岁起就使用手机，由此可推断，他们使用固话的情况并不多。B 项 practical“实用的”搭配 sense 表示“实际意义”，表明固话对这些二十来岁的年轻人实际意义不大。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.opting B.investingC.gettingD.expanding解析：解析：如今二十几岁的年轻人一直在使用手机，成家(settle down)前固话对他们的作用也
35、不大，因此可推测永远不会到来(may never come)的时刻应是他们“使用固话”的时刻。A 项 opting“选择”搭配 into landline-owning 意为“选择拥有固定电话”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.untilB.unlessC.soD.if 解析：解析：空格句的主句为 the momentmay never come，根据空格后的内容“固话成为昂贵的非必需品”，可以判断后者是前者的条件，即如果固话成为昂贵的非必需品，那么使用固话的时刻可能永远不会到来。选 D 项 if。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.strategyB.contribution
36、C.difference D.mistake解析：解析：前两句谈到固话的消亡是无声无息的，而且我们时刻都能听到聊电话的声音。因此电话线是不是埋在地下(即用不用固话)是没什么区别的。选 C 项 difference。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.technicallyB.occasionallyC.specificallyD.actually 解析：解析：空格后的几个句子说明固话的消亡影响着人们的私人和公共生活(affects our personaland public lives)。因此，应认为是否有固话确实影响着人们的生活方式。D 项 actually“实际上”满足逻辑要求。也
37、起到加强语气的作用。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.shift B.necessityC.clashD.display解析：解析：空格处词既是主句的表语，又是 that 定语从句的先行词。因此应从主语 The deathof the landline(固话的消亡)和定语从句 that affects our personal and public lives(影响人们的私人生活和公共生活)的语义来判断它的基本语义。根据其意思可见，固定电话的消亡算得上是一种变革。故选 A项 shift“改变”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.intoB.from C.aroundD.agai
38、nst解析：解析：根据破折号后面的内容“电子邮件断开了我们与近在咫尺的同事间的交流”，可判断所需介词应搭配 separated 表示“分离”之意，因此 B 项 from 正确。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.significantly B.simplyC.scientificallyD.carefully解析：解析：空格后 at home 与上文破折号后的 in the office 相对应，由此可推测此处涉及两者间的对比说明固话的消亡对两者的影响。上一分句说到在办公室人们改用 email 交流，而下几个句子则更详细地说明家庭成员间的交流方式的转变。可见固话的消亡对家庭的影响更大。A
39、 项 significantly“明显地，值得注意地”正确。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.handed outB.turned inC.took over D.set off解析：解析：空格后意为“固定电话曾是人们在家与外界交流的中转站(switchboard)”。句中的一般过去时(served)表明固定电话如此重要已经是过去某个时间的事情，即手机被广泛使用之前的事情。C 项took over“接管，取代”符合语境的逻辑要求。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.BetweenB.Within C.ThroughD.Alongside解析：解析：句子采用了暗喻的修辞手法，把固定
40、电话的交流中转站功能比作是“一张知识地图(akind ofknowledge map)”。它帮助了解“每个人的恋爱和社交生活状况”。这张地图显然应该是网罗家人、情侣和室友等人在内的地图。因此 B 项 Within“在之内”符合语义要求。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.fashionableB.affordableC.debatableD.invisible 解析：解析：所需形容词修饰向中的 knowledge map(知识地图)，说明该地图的特征。但 knowledgemap在句中是修辞性的语言是对固话所充当的作用的一个形象描述：为了解“每个人的恋爱和社交生活状况”。既然它不是真实的
41、地图，它所具备的特征就应不同于一般意义上的地图。D 项 invisible“无形的，看不见的”符合逻辑要求。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.admittedB.reducedC.devoted D.engaged解析：解析：本句中的 though 和 to our mobiles 表明此句开始讨论手机对人们交流方式的影响。该句用了倒装句，强调空格处的形容词，还原后应为 though we are_toC 项 devoted 代入后构成 be devoted to 的表达，可表示专心于手机的使用。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.vacantB.available C.mise
42、rableD.unoccupied解析：解析：句子主要说明手机上的“拒接”键对我们个人空间的影响。两个比较级形式(moreand less)的表达都是说明其具体的影响和结果。因此可考虑空格处名词搭配 less 所表示的语义与more untouchable(更难以触摸)相近。B 项 available“可用的，可得到的”符合句意，与 less 搭配表明“难以接近”。Sunlight is free, but that is no reason to waste it. Yet even the best silicon solar cellsby far the most【C1】_sortco
43、nvert only a quarter of the light that falls on them. Silicon has the【C2】_of being cheap: manufacturing improvements have brought its price to a point where it is snapping at the heels of fossil fuels.【C3】_many scientists would like to replace it【C4】_something fundamentally better. John Rogers, of t
44、he University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, is one. The cells he has【C5】_can convert 42.5% of sunlight.【C6】_improved, Dr Rogers reckons, their efficiency could rise to 50%. Their【C7】_is that they are actually not one cell, but four, stacked one on top of another. Solar cells are made of semiconduct
45、ors, and every type of semiconductor has a【C8】_called a band gap that is different from that of other semiconductors. The band gap【C9】_the longest wavelength of light a semiconductor can absorb (it is transparent to longer wavelengths). It also fixes the【C10】_amount of energy that can be【C11】_from s
46、horter wavelength. The result is that long-wavelength photons are lost and short-wave ones incompletely utilised. Dr Rogers【C12】_this by using a different material for each layer of the stack. He chooses his materials【C13】_the bottom of the band gap of the top layer matches the top of the band gap o
47、f the one underneath, and so on【C14】_the stack. Each layer thus【C15】_off part of the spectrum, converts it efficiently into electrical energy and passes the rest on. The problem is that the materials needed to make these semiconductors are【C16】_But Dr Rogers has found a way to overcome this.【C17】_solar-cell modules are completely covered by semiconductor, but in his only 0.1% of the surface is so covered. The semiconducting stacks, each half a millimeter square, are【C18】_over that surface many dots. Each stack then has a pair of cheap glass lenses【C19】_over it. T
