1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 142 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Short stories are due a revival. In recent years, there have been critically【C
2、1】_collections by American writers such as Lydia Davis and Junot Diaz. But few others manage to【C2】_the bestseller lists, and they are all too often【C3】_by novels. 【C4】_their heyday in the early 20th century, short stories are mostly viewed as trials or experiments before an author【C5】_with the real
3、 thing. John Burnside, a Scottish poet and novelist, 【C6】_, this fixed idea in his latest collection, “Something Like Happy“. Over 13 stories, Mr Burnside shows the versatility of the condensed【C7】_. His stories take place mostly in Scotland, in flats “high up on the third floor of an apartment bloc
4、k in the middle of Dundee“ or in the back room of a hardware shop, 【C8】_ men drink “sweet, milky coffee“【C9】_waiting for the results of the races. His men carry knives or conduct extramarital【C10】_; his women are often【C11】_housewives who drink, take up bell-ringing in their local church or fantasis
5、e about younger men【C12】_a way of filling in time. Happiness is the subject that【C13】_the collection together. In other hands, this could become sentimental. 【C14】_Mr Burnside, with only a few【C15】_, never allows that to happen. Instead, happiness【C16】_stays away from these figures; so much【C17】_the
6、y have almost ceased to【C18】_it. Rooted in the bleaker aspects of Scotland“s landscapes, it is something that his【C19】_continually search for, in these concise and poetic talesyet【C20】_to find.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.reclaimedB.acclaimedC.proclaimedD.claimed(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.acquireB.earnC.rea
7、chD.meet(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.replacedB.overshadowedC.rejectedD.overlapped(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.In addition toB.Similar toC.In place ofD.In contrast to(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.cracks upB.cracks downC.cracks intoD.cracks on(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.challengesB.favorsC.demonstratesD.suggests(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.wayB.shape
8、C.signD.form(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.whichB.whenC.whereD.what(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.likeB.whileC.onceD.for(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.affairsB.mattersC.eventsD.incidents(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.obedientB.aggressiveC.lonelyD.enthusiastic(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.asB.aboutC.withD.by(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.goesB.comesC.tiesD.exclu
9、des(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.In particularB.As a resultC.For exampleD.But(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.exclusionsB.substitutionsC.descriptionsD.exceptions(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.frequentlyB.rarelyC.incidentallyD.eventually(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.thatB.in case thatC.so thatD.so as(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.seek forB.believe i
10、nC.give upD.concern about(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.readersB.charactersC.storiesD.careers(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.failB.declineC.striveD.manageLawyers are less than 1% of American adults, 【C1】_they are well-represented in government. Both the president and the vice-president trained as lawyers. 【C2】_did 55% o
11、f senators and 100% of Supreme Court justices. There are【C3】_to having a bit of legal expertise among those who write and【C4】_the nation“s laws, or assess their constitutionality. But there is also a potential conflict of interest. 【C5】_florists had such a lock on the levers of【C6】_, you might expec
12、t subsidies for weddings and a campaign to beautify cities. Lawyers, alas, are no more 【C7】_. The American legal system is the most lawyer-friendly on Earth. It is dizzily【C8】_. The regulations that accompany the Dodd-Frank law governing Wall Street, 【C9】_, are already more than 3 million words long
13、and not yet half-written. Companies must hire【C10】_lawyers to guide them【C11】_a maze created by other lawyers. They must also hire lawyers to【C12】_themselves against attacks by other lawyers on a playing field【C13】_by lawyers. The costroughly $800 a year for every Americanis【C14】_to consumers. The【C
14、15】_are hard to detect Americans are probably no less likely to be injured or cheated than the citizens of countries【C16】_spend a fraction as much. 【C17】_it is hard to feel sympathy for lawyers facing a【C18】_labour market. America“s 250 biggest law firms shed more than 9500 people last year. Law stu
15、dents are【C19】_to find the lavishly paid work they expected after graduation. One big law firm even went bust. None of this is nice for the people【C20】_especially those with large student debts.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.butB.andC.orD.then(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.AlsoB.NorC.SoD.As(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.appe
16、alsB.advantagesC.concernsD.issues(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.readB.breakC.observeD.execute(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.IfB.UnlessC.WhenD.Where(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.abilityB.strengthC.powerD.force(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.carelessB.selflessC.blamelessD.helpless(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.complexB.comprehensiveC.complementaryD.commercial(
17、9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.thereforeB.howeverC.namelyD.for example(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.scholarlyB.richlyC.costlyD.unfriendly(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.acrossB.throughC.amidD.throughout(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.defendB.leanC.fightD.turn(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.restoredB.sustainedC.builtD.maintained(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.hande
18、d outB.put awayC.turned overD.passed on(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.drawbacksB.fatesC.benefitsD.frauds(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.howB.thatC.whereD.what(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.HoweverB.ThoughC.InsteadD.So(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.more flexibleB.looserC.tighterD.stronger(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.attemptingB.willingC.managingD.s
19、truggling(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.concernedB.confusedC.connectedD.confined考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 142 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Short
20、stories are due a revival. In recent years, there have been critically【C1】_collections by American writers such as Lydia Davis and Junot Diaz. But few others manage to【C2】_the bestseller lists, and they are all too often【C3】_by novels. 【C4】_their heyday in the early 20th century, short stories are m
21、ostly viewed as trials or experiments before an author【C5】_with the real thing. John Burnside, a Scottish poet and novelist, 【C6】_, this fixed idea in his latest collection, “Something Like Happy“. Over 13 stories, Mr Burnside shows the versatility of the condensed【C7】_. His stories take place mostl
22、y in Scotland, in flats “high up on the third floor of an apartment block in the middle of Dundee“ or in the back room of a hardware shop, 【C8】_ men drink “sweet, milky coffee“【C9】_waiting for the results of the races. His men carry knives or conduct extramarital【C10】_; his women are often【C11】_hous
23、ewives who drink, take up bell-ringing in their local church or fantasise about younger men【C12】_a way of filling in time. Happiness is the subject that【C13】_the collection together. In other hands, this could become sentimental. 【C14】_Mr Burnside, with only a few【C15】_, never allows that to happen.
24、 Instead, happiness【C16】_stays away from these figures; so much【C17】_they have almost ceased to【C18】_it. Rooted in the bleaker aspects of Scotland“s landscapes, it is something that his【C19】_continually search for, in these concise and poetic talesyet【C20】_to find.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.reclai
25、medB.acclaimed C.proclaimedD.claimed解析：解析：空格填入形容词，说明这些 collections(短篇故事集)的特点，由首句的“短篇小说应再度流行”，可推断这里指这些文集是成功的，故选 B 项 acclaimed“备受赞扬的”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.acquireB.earnC.reach D.meet解析：解析：空格处填入动词与 bestseller lists(畅销书单)构成动宾搭配，句中的主语 few others 指few other collections(很少其他故事集)，而书籍一般是“登上”畅销书的行列，故选 C 项 reach
26、“到达”合适。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.replacedB.overshadowed C.rejectedD.overlapped解析：解析：本句对比短篇小说(short stories)与长篇小说(novels)的普及程度。由文章首句的 due a revival(理应复兴)及 heyday in the early 20th century 可知，短篇小说过去兴旺。现在已不及长篇小说，故选 B 项 overshadowed，指与长篇小说相比“相形见绌”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.In addition toB.Similar toC.In place ofD.In
27、contrast to 解析：解析：前一分句说 heyday(辉煌的日子)，后一分句说把短篇小说视为“试验”，两者情况相反，故应填上表对比的 D 项 m contrast to。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.cracks upB.cracks downC.cracks intoD.cracks on 解析：解析：本句意为“作家在_真正事物之前，把短篇小说看作试验”，D 项 crack on 指“努力继续做”符合文意。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.challenges B.favorsC.demonstratesD.suggests解析：解析：空格下一句的 shows versa
28、tility of是对 John Burnside 的褒奖，结合前文说短篇小说的复兴，故推断这里说的是对前文提及的成见(写短篇小说只是个试验)的不认同，故选 A 项challenges“挑战”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.wayB.shapeC.signD.form 解析：解析：由于 Mr Burnside 写的是短篇小说，故填上 D 项 form“形式”，实际上 condensed form 是指短篇小说。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.whichB.whenC.where D.what解析：解析：空格处填入引导词，连接前后分句，空格后的句子主谓宾成分齐全，而空格前的 a h
29、ardware shop 表示地点，因此应填入表“地点”的关系副词，故选 C 项 where。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.likeB.while C.onceD.for解析：解析：空格后为现在分词短语，故可首先排除连词 once，该词后需接从句，而空格后的“等待赛马结果”与前面的“喝甜牛奶咖啡”不构成列举(like)或因果关系(for)，而应该是在等待赛果期间喝咖啡，故选 B 项 while。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.affairs B.mattersC.eventsD.incidents解析：解析：四个选项均有“事件、事情”之意，但文中指的“婚外情”属于私人的事务，
30、应用 A 项affair，该词可指“暖昧关系，私通”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.obedientB.aggressiveC.lonely D.enthusiastic解析：解析：空格后的定语从句中说到这些妇女靠上教堂敲钟和幻想年轻男性度日，故推断她们的生活较单调、寂寞，因此选 C 项 lonely“寂寞的”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.as B.aboutC.withD.by解析：解析：上文提到的“上教堂敲钟和幻想年轻男性”应是作为消磨时光的一种方式，因此选 A 项as“作为”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.goesB.comesC.ties D.ex
31、cludes解析：解析：空格处填入动词作定语从句的谓语，表明主语 the subject 与宾语 collection 的关系，即“幸福这一主题所有故事一起”，选项中只有 C 项 tie“把联系在一起”代入空格，句意通顺。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.In particularB.As a resultC.For exampleD.But 解析：解析：前一句指出幸福在其他人笔下可能是个煽情的(sentimental)主题，后一句提到 Mr Burnside 从来不允许这种情况发生，两者存在转折关系，故选 D 项 But。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.exclusions
32、B.substitutionsC.descriptionsD.exceptions 解析：解析：空格所在短语为插入语，对 never allows that to happen(从来不允许这种情况发生)作补充说明，填入 D 项 exceptions“例外”符合文意。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.frequently B.rarelyC.incidentallyD.eventually解析：解析：前文提到 Mr Burnside 不会把幸福写得很煽情，下文则用含否定意味的 ceased to(停止)，故推断他笔下的人物通常不会拥有幸福，故选 A 项 frequently“经常地”，与
33、上文的 never 相对。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.thatB.in case thatC.so that D.so as解析：解析：空格后的“他们停下来”是前面“幸福远离这些故事人物”的结果，故应填上引导结果状语从句的 so that。so much so that 表示“达到这种程度以致”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.seek forB.believe in C.give upD.concern about解析：解析：空格后的 it 指代 happiness，由于故事人物与幸福无缘，故致使他们不再“相信”幸福，故选 B 项 believe in。(19).【C
34、19】（分数：2.00）A.readersB.characters C.storiesD.careers解析：解析：本句的主语 it 同样指 happiness，his 指代故事作者 Mr Burnside，本句讲述故事的内容，故应该是故事的人物，即 characters，与上文的 figures 对应。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.fail B.declineC.striveD.manage解析：解析：空格前的 yet 表转折，表明空格内容与前面的 continually search for“不断寻找”语义相反，故表正面意义的 C、D 两项可先排除；B 项 decline 指“
35、拒绝”接受，与前文的“不断寻找”相矛盾，只有填入 A 项 fail“不能(找到)”才与上文呼应。Lawyers are less than 1% of American adults, 【C1】_they are well-represented in government. Both the president and the vice-president trained as lawyers. 【C2】_did 55% of senators and 100% of Supreme Court justices. There are【C3】_to having a bit of legal
36、 expertise among those who write and【C4】_the nation“s laws, or assess their constitutionality. But there is also a potential conflict of interest. 【C5】_florists had such a lock on the levers of【C6】_, you might expect subsidies for weddings and a campaign to beautify cities. Lawyers, alas, are no mor
37、e 【C7】_. The American legal system is the most lawyer-friendly on Earth. It is dizzily【C8】_. The regulations that accompany the Dodd-Frank law governing Wall Street, 【C9】_, are already more than 3 million words longand not yet half-written. Companies must hire【C10】_lawyers to guide them【C11】_a maze
38、created by other lawyers. They must also hire lawyers to【C12】_themselves against attacks by other lawyers on a playing field【C13】_by lawyers. The costroughly $800 a year for every Americanis【C14】_to consumers. The【C15】_are hard to detect Americans are probably no less likely to be injured or cheated
39、 than the citizens of countries【C16】_spend a fraction as much. 【C17】_it is hard to feel sympathy for lawyers facing a【C18】_labour market. America“s 250 biggest law firms shed more than 9500 people last year. Law students are【C19】_to find the lavishly paid work they expected after graduation. One big
40、 law firm even went bust. None of this is nice for the people【C20】_especially those with large student debts.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.but B.andC.orD.then解析：解析：空格处填入连词，表明前后两句的逻辑关系。前句说“律师仅占成人的 1”，强调数量少，后句说“他们在政府中很有代表性”，两者是转折关系，故选 A 项 but。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.AlsoB.NorC.So D.As解析：解析：空格所在句为倒装句，表示与前一句情
41、况一致，且前一句为肯定句，故用 C 项 so 来引导，表示“也如此”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.appealsB.advantages C.concernsD.issues解析：解析：空格所在句与下一句由表转折的 But 连接，故两句语义相反，下一句说的是 conflict of interest“利益冲突”，属于消极的一面，故本句应说明其积极的一面，因此选 B 项 advantage“好处”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.readB.breakC.observeD.execute 解析：解析：空格处填入动词与 laws 构成动宾搭配，本句的 those who对应前面出身
42、于律师、在政府各机关任职的官员，故这些人应该是编写和“执行”法律，因此选 D 项 execute“执行”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.If B.UnlessC.WhenD.Where解析：解析：空格填入引导词，表明从句与主句的逻辑关系。注意从句用了虚拟语气(had)，而四个选项中只有 If 引导的从句能接虚拟语气，故选 A 项 If。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.abilityB.strengthC.power D.force解析：解析：文中假设花商像律师一样在政府中位居要职，故此处强调其拥有的“权力”，应选 C 项power。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.carel
43、essB.selfless C.blamelessD.helpless解析：解析：本句意为“律师不会更加_”，上一句提到如果卖花商人当权，会做出对其有利的决定(实施婚礼补贴和美化城市运动都可以增加鲜花的销量)，这是自私的行径，空格前有否定短语 no more，故应选 selfless“无私的”，说明律师也会这样自私。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.complex B.comprehensiveC.complementaryD.commercial解析：解析：空格处填入形容词，说明美国法律的特点。下文提到的“300 万字长”、“迷宫”(maze)都证明了其复杂性，故应选 A 项 compl
44、ex“复杂的”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.thereforeB.howeverC.namelyD.for example 解析：解析：本句指出还未完成到一半的多德-弗兰克法案长达 300 多万字，这是举出具体实例，故选 D 项 for example“例如”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.scholarlyB.richlyC.costly D.unfriendly解析：解析：空格处填入形容词，修饰 lawyer，结合下文的“聘请律师的花费大约每个人需要 800 美元”可知，此处应指律师花费大，故选 C 项 costly“昂贵的”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A
45、.acrossB.through C.amidD.throughout解析：解析：本句意思为“帮助他们穿越迷宫”，从某事物或某空间的内部穿过用 B 项 throttgh。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.defend B.leanC.fightD.turn解析：解析：根据下文的 attacks by other lawyers“其他律师的攻击”可知，这里应该是说聘请律师，保护自己免受其他律师的攻击，故选 A 项 defend“保护”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.restoredB.sustainedC.built D.maintained解析：解析：空格所在的 a pla
46、ying fieldby lawyers 与前文的 a maze created by other lawyers结构对称，故空格所填单词应与 created(创造)意思相近，故确定答案为 C 项 built“建造”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.handed outB.put awayC.turned overD.passed on 解析：解析：根据文意，企业聘请律师的支出最终将转移到消费者身上，因此应选具有“转移”语义的词或短语。C 项 turn over 及 D 项 pass on 均有“移交”、“传递”之意，但 C 项 turn over 常指将“事物或权力转交给别人”，与
47、文中的 cost 不符，故应选 D 项 pass on。A 项 hand out 指“分发，分配”和 B项 put away“拿走”不具有“转移”语义，可排除。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.drawbacksB.fatesC.benefits D.frauds解析：解析：空格处填入名词，作 detect(察觉)的宾语。下一句提到美国人相比其他国家可能并没有少受伤害或欺骗，这说明律师费用支出高的好处没有得到体现，故选 C 项 benefits“益处”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.howB.that C.whereD.what解析：解析：空格后的 spend a fraction as much 为定语从句，修饰前面的 countries，由于该从句缺少主语，故须填上关系代词 that 或 which，因此选 B 项。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.HoweverB.ThoughC.InsteadD.So 解析：解析：上段末提到律师费高昂，且人们并未从中获益，本句说“难以同情律师”，两者是因果顺承的关系，故选表“结果”的 D 项 So。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.more flexibleB.looserC.tighter D.str
