1、考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 76 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_People have been holding heated discussions recently about women“s experience
2、in the workplace. Last month Sheryl Sandberg, chief operating officer at Face-book, published “Lean In“, a【C1】_declaration on why women have not【C2】_to the most senior positions at companies. She concludes that it is partly women“s own【C3】_: they do not “lean in“ and ask for promotions,【C4】_at meeti
3、ngs and insist on taking a seat at the table. Another new book will not have the same impact as “Lean In“, but it offers some interesting new【C5】_on how women are coping at work, and what is holding them【C6】_. Some of it is down to simple miscommunication. Barbara Annis and John Gray argue in “Work
4、With Me“ that men and women are biologically wired to think and react【C7】_to situations, and have “gender blind spots“ when it comes to understanding their co-workers“ behavior. Ms Annis, who leads workshops on gender for big companies and governments, and Mr. Gray, author of “Men are from Mars, Wom
5、en are from Venus“, have【C8】_to produce an easy-to-read guide to work place communications. Women ask more questions,【C9】_more people“s opinions and seek collaboration with coworkers more frequently than men. Men view these preferences as【C10】_of weakness, and women, in turn, grow【C11】_by how compet
6、itively men work, and how quickly they arrive【C12】_conclusions by themselves. 【C13】_both female and male employees became more “gender【C14】_“ about how their work and behavioral preferences are hard-wired, it would contribute to a more harmonious workforce. Women have been choosing to leave companie
7、s at twice the【C15】_of men, and more than half the women whom the authors met in workshops were considering leaving their【C16】_. Women often tell their bosses that they are【C17】_for personal reasons, but the majority actually leave because they feel【C18】_teams and not valued for their contributions.
8、 Yet the【C19】_is that women often have trouble communicating with other women at work as well,【C20】_the authors do not explain in quite as much detail why this is so.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.controversialB.perplexingC.distractingD.ambiguous(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.descendedB.promotedC.ascendedD.improv
9、ed(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.faultB.willC.troubleD.duty(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.dress upB.show upC.pipe upD.shut up(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.conceptsB.theoriesC.effectsD.perspectives(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.backB.outC.onD.off(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.broadlyB.differentlyC.identicallyD.partly(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.constructedB.correlated
10、C.coordinatedD.collaborated(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.reviseB.respectC.supportD.gather(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.signalsB.stimuliC.signsD.messages(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.indifferentB.annoyedC.delightedD.irritated(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.atB.inC.onD.from(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.MeanwhileB.AlthoughC.IfD.Moreover(14).【C14】（分数：
11、2.00）A.fortunateB.intelligentC.differentD.witless(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.amountB.rationC.rateD.interest(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.childrenB.firmsC.bossesD.tasks(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.quittingB.pausingC.perseveringD.dismissing(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.honorable inB.embarrassed forC.familiar withD.excluded from(19).【
12、C19】（分数：2.00）A.phenomenonB.dilemmaC.realityD.evidence(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.furthermoreB.thoughC.ifD.sinceThe average British people get six-and-a-half hours“ sleep a night, according to the Sleep Council. It has been known for some time that the amount of sleep people get has,【C1】_declined over the y
13、ears. But【C2】_the average amount of sleep we are getting has fallen, rates of obesity and diabetes have soared. Could the two be connected? We wanted to see what the【C3】_would be of increasing average sleep by just one hour. So we asked seven volunteers, who【C4】_sleep anywhere between six and nine h
14、ours, to be【C5】_at the University of Surrey“s Sleep Research Centre. The volunteers were randomly【C6】_to two groups. One group was asked to sleep for six-and-a-half hours a night, the other got seven-and-a-half hours. After a week the researchers took blood tests and the volunteers were asked to swi
15、tch sleep【C7】_. The group that had been sleeping six-and-a-half hours got an【C8】_hour, the other group slept an hour less. Computer tests designed to measure brain wave activity【C9】_that most of them struggled with mental agility tasks when they had less sleep, but the most interesting results came
16、from the blood tests that were【C10】_. Dr Simon Archer and his team at Surrey University were【C11】_interested in looking at the genes that were switched on or off in our volunteers【C12】_changes in the amount that we had made them sleep. “We found that【C13】_there were around 500 genes that were affect
17、ed,“ Archer【C14】_. “Some which were going up, and some which were going down.“ What they discovered is that when the volunteers【C15】_back from seven-and-a-half to six-and-a-half hours“ sleep a night, genes that are【C16】_with processes like immune response and response to stress became more【C17】_The
18、team also saw increase in the activity of genes related to diabetes and risk of cancer. The【C18】_happened when the volunteers added an hour of sleep. So the clear【C19】_from this experiment was that if you are getting less than seven hours“ sleep a night and can alter your sleep habits, even one hour
19、 more, it could make you【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.by chanceB.on averageC.at lengthD.for good(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.whileB.sinceC.only ifD.even(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.conceptB.objectC.perspectiveD.effect(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.incidentallyB.normallyC.rarelyD.lately(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.investigatedB.guarded
20、C.studiedD.identified(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.adaptedB.admittedC.allocatedD.attributed(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.patternsB.stylesC.samplesD.norms(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.auxiliaryB.excessiveC.alternateD.extra(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.detectedB.submittedC.assumedD.revealed(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.runB.hostedC.processedD.treated(11
21、).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.consistentlyB.particularlyC.essentiallyD.barely(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.atB.toC.byD.for(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.insteadB.overallC.indeedD.perhaps(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.predictedB.inferredC.gossipedD.explained(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.turnB.comeC.cutD.go(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.associatedB.coveredC.co
22、mparedD.filled(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.activeB.abnormalC.stillD.orderly(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.resemblanceB.reverseC.repetitionD.stereotype(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.senseB.signatureC.messageD.motive(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.nicerB.healthierC.happierD.luckier考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 76 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of Englis
23、h(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：People have been holding heated discussions recently about women“s experience in the workplace. Last month Sheryl Sandberg, chief opera
24、ting officer at Face-book, published “Lean In“, a【C1】_declaration on why women have not【C2】_to the most senior positions at companies. She concludes that it is partly women“s own【C3】_: they do not “lean in“ and ask for promotions,【C4】_at meetings and insist on taking a seat at the table. Another new
25、 book will not have the same impact as “Lean In“, but it offers some interesting new【C5】_on how women are coping at work, and what is holding them【C6】_. Some of it is down to simple miscommunication. Barbara Annis and John Gray argue in “Work With Me“ that men and women are biologically wired to thi
26、nk and react【C7】_to situations, and have “gender blind spots“ when it comes to understanding their co-workers“ behavior. Ms Annis, who leads workshops on gender for big companies and governments, and Mr. Gray, author of “Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus“, have【C8】_to produce an easy-to-read g
27、uide to work place communications. Women ask more questions,【C9】_more people“s opinions and seek collaboration with coworkers more frequently than men. Men view these preferences as【C10】_of weakness, and women, in turn, grow【C11】_by how competitively men work, and how quickly they arrive【C12】_conclu
28、sions by themselves. 【C13】_both female and male employees became more “gender【C14】_“ about how their work and behavioral preferences are hard-wired, it would contribute to a more harmonious workforce. Women have been choosing to leave companies at twice the【C15】_of men, and more than half the women
29、whom the authors met in workshops were considering leaving their【C16】_. Women often tell their bosses that they are【C17】_for personal reasons, but the majority actually leave because they feel【C18】_teams and not valued for their contributions. Yet the【C19】_is that women often have trouble communicat
30、ing with other women at work as well,【C20】_the authors do not explain in quite as much detail why this is so.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.controversial B.perplexingC.distractingD.ambiguous解析：解析：上句指出女性的职场工作经验引发了人们的热议(heated discussions)，空格所在句子表明向前一步一书这是一部怎样的宣言(declaration)。此句与上句之间没有转折连词，可知空格所在部分表示的意思
31、和上文一致。A 项 controversial“有争议的”与 heated discussion 对应，是正确答案。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.descendedB.promotedC.ascended D.improved解析：解析：此空格需填入谓语动词，其宾语是“最高级职位”(the most senior positions)。下一句总结(concludes)本句，说明女性 do not“lean in”and ask for promotions。因此应指职位晋升，C项 ascended 指“(地位等的)提高”，符合语义及搭配。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.fault
32、 B.willC.troubleD.duty解析：解析：本句冒号后的内容是对前半句的解释：她们没有“向前一步”，不要求晋升。A 项fault“过错”，总结了冒号后的原因。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.dress upB.show upC.pipe up D.shut up解析：解析：此句的主语是 they，谓语部分的助动词是 do not，状语为 at meetings。C 项 pipe up 指“大声说话”，在这里指在女性不在会议上发言，符合语境。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.conceptsB.theoriesC.effectsD.perspectives 解析：解析：此空
33、格需填入名词作宾语，其补足语是 how women are coping at work。该书的作者就这个问题提出了自己的看法，D 项 perspectives“视角，观点”正确。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.back B.outC.onD.off解析：解析：本段提到女性没有“向前一步”，不要求晋升，也不坚持自己在公司里拥有一席之地等。因此空格应填入与这些问题相对应的词。A 项 hold back 表示“抑制；阻挡”，意为“是什么绊住了女性”，与 lead in 意义相反。符合语义逻辑。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.broadlyB.differently C.identica
34、llyD.partly解析：解析：这里需要填入一个副词来修饰男性和女性对不同情况的思考反应。根据上文提到biologically(天生)与下文的 gender blind spots(性别盲点)可推断出，男人和女人对不同情况的思考和反应不相同。B 项 differently“不同地”符合语义逻辑。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.constructedB.correlatedC.coordinatedD.collaborated 解析：解析：本句主语为 Ms Annis 和 MrGray，其宾语为 an easy-to-read guide(一本通俗易懂的指南)。D 项 collabora
35、ted 意为“(尤指在文艺、科学等方面)合作；合著；协作”，符合语义逻辑。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.reviseB.respectC.supportD.gather 解析：解析：空格需要填入能与前后并列、与沟通有关，且能与 opinions 搭配的谓语动词，故选 D 项gather“收集”，表示女性会收集更多人的意见。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.signalsB.stimuliC.signs D.messages解析：解析：本句说明男性把这些偏好看作是弱点(weakness)，该词为抽象名词，而女性的这些特点是具体表现，因此 C 项 signs 为答案，可指某种情况的
36、征兆，signs of weakness 表示“软弱的标志”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.indifferentB.annoyed C.delightedD.irritated解析：解析：上文提到女性更常寻求与同事合作(seek collaboration)，男性对此持消极态度。反过来，女性认为男性工作中非常好胜(competitively)，带有否定意义。空格需填入表明女性的态度的形容词作表语，B 项 annoyed“反感的”符合语义逻辑。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.at B.inC.onD.from解析：解析：本句说明男性与之相反的特点，即快速地得出结论。arr
37、ive at 表示“达成(决议、决定等)；得出(结论)”，故选 A 项 at。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.MeanwhileB.AlthoughC.If D.Moreover解析：解析：从句指出男女员工要应对因性别差异而导致的行为偏好(behavioral preferences)，主句表明他们的职场就会更加和谐(more harmonious)。从逻辑上判断该从句应是条件状语从句。另外从句的谓语动词是 became，主句的谓语动词是 would contribute，由此可判断这是虚拟语气中表示与现在事实相反的情况句式，选 C 项 If。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A
38、.fortunateB.intelligent C.differentD.witless解析：解析：上文提到了男性跟女性在工作中有不同的偏好。本句要讨论的问题是：男女员工要如何面对固有的工作与行为的偏好，才能让他们在职场上更加和谐?此处应填入一个有肯定意义的形容词。B 项intelligent“聪明的”，gender intelligent 意为“聪明地应对性别差异”，符合语义逻辑。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.amountB.rationC.rate D.interest解析：解析：本句涉及男性和女性的离职人数比较，出现了两个表示比较的词语 twice、more thanhalf
39、。因此所填入的词语必须能体现两者之间的比较，并且能和空格前的介词 at 搭配，所以选择 C项 rate“比率”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.childrenB.firms C.bossesD.tasks解析：解析：上半句提到部分女性已经选择了离开公司(choosing to leave companies)，本句的语境是：在职场上，有女性中还有一半以上正考虑离开，此空格需要填入 leaving 的宾语。B 项 firms“公司”与上半句的 companies 意思一致。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.quitting B.pausingC.perseveringD.di
40、smissing解析：解析：空格后的 for personal reasons 表明了女性离开公司的原因。离开公司意味着“辞职”。选 A 项 quitting“辞职”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.honorable inB.embarrassed forC.familiar withD.excluded from 解析：解析：空格后的 team 表明大多数女性离职的一个原因跟团队有关，因此填入的词语应与人际关系有关联。D 项 excluded from 代入句子表示“在团队中受到排挤”，符合语义逻辑。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.phenomenonB.dilemma
41、C.reality D.evidence解析：解析：上文提及女性辞职的原因(在团队中受到排挤)，本句表转折的 Yet“然而”后指出另一种情况：女性与同性之间也存在沟通困难，这也是一种现实情况。C 项 reality“现实”，侧重指某事物的客观存在的真实性。符合语义。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.furthermoreB.though C.ifD.since解析：解析：上半句提到女性在工作中与其他同性也存在沟通困难，作为职场沟通指南的书籍理应做出分析，然而下半句指出：作者并未详细解释为何如此，因此空格处应填入表示语义转折的连词。B 项though“虽然，尽管”正确。The avera
42、ge British people get six-and-a-half hours“ sleep a night, according to the Sleep Council. It has been known for some time that the amount of sleep people get has,【C1】_declined over the years. But【C2】_the average amount of sleep we are getting has fallen, rates of obesity and diabetes have soared. C
43、ould the two be connected? We wanted to see what the【C3】_would be of increasing average sleep by just one hour. So we asked seven volunteers, who【C4】_sleep anywhere between six and nine hours, to be【C5】_at the University of Surrey“s Sleep Research Centre. The volunteers were randomly【C6】_to two grou
44、ps. One group was asked to sleep for six-and-a-half hours a night, the other got seven-and-a-half hours. After a week the researchers took blood tests and the volunteers were asked to switch sleep【C7】_. The group that had been sleeping six-and-a-half hours got an【C8】_hour, the other group slept an h
45、our less. Computer tests designed to measure brain wave activity【C9】_that most of them struggled with mental agility tasks when they had less sleep, but the most interesting results came from the blood tests that were【C10】_. Dr Simon Archer and his team at Surrey University were【C11】_interested in l
46、ooking at the genes that were switched on or off in our volunteers【C12】_changes in the amount that we had made them sleep. “We found that【C13】_there were around 500 genes that were affected,“ Archer【C14】_. “Some which were going up, and some which were going down.“ What they discovered is that when
47、the volunteers【C15】_back from seven-and-a-half to six-and-a-half hours“ sleep a night, genes that are【C16】_with processes like immune response and response to stress became more【C17】_The team also saw increase in the activity of genes related to diabetes and risk of cancer. The【C18】_happened when the volunteers added an hour of sleep. So the clear【C19】_from this experiment was that if you are getting less than seven hours“ sleep a night and can alter your sleep habits, even one hour more, it could make you【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.by chanceB.on average C.at lengthD.for good解析：解析：下一
