1、考研英语(完形填空)-试卷 15 及答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_Kimiyuki Suda should be a perfect customer for Japan“s car-makers. He“s a young
2、, successful executive at an Internet-services company in Tokyo and has plenty of disposable【C1】_. He used to own Toyota“s Hilux Surf, a sport utility vehicle. But now he uses【C2】_subways and trains.“It“s not inconvenient at all,“ he says.【C3】_, “having a car is so 20th century.“ Suda reflects a wor
3、risome【C4】_ in Japan; the automobile is losing its emotional appeal, 【C5】_among the young, who prefer to spend their money on the latest electronic devices. 【C6】_mini-cars and luxury foreign brands are still popular, everything in between is【C7】_. Last year sales fell 6.7 percent, 7.6 percent【C8】_yo
4、u don“t count the mini-car market. There have been【C9】_one-year drops in other nations: sales in Germany fell 9 percent in 2007 【C10】_a tax increase. But experts say Japan is 【C11】_in that sales have been decreasing steadily【C12】_ time. Since 1990, yearly new-car sales have fallen from 7.8 million t
5、o 5.4 million units in 2007. Alarmed by this state of 【C13】_ , the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA) 【C14】_a comprehensive study of the market in 2006. It found that a 【C15】_wealth gap, demographic changes and【C16】_lack of interest in cars led Japanese to hold their【C17】_longer, repl
6、ace their cars with smaller ones【C18】_give up car ownership altogether. JAMA【C19】_a further sales decline of 1.2 percent this year. Some experts believe that if the trend continues for much longer, further consolidation in the automotive sector is【C20】_.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.profitB.paymentC.
7、incomeD.budget(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.mostlyB.partiallyC.occasionallyD.rarely(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.ThereforeB.BesidesC.OtherwiseD.Consequently(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.driftB.tideC.currentD.trend(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.remarkablyB.essentiallyC.speciallyD.particularly(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.WhileB.BecauseC.WhenD.Since(7).【C7
8、】(分数:2.00)A.surgingB.stretchingC.slippingD.shaking(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)A.unlessB.ifC.asD.after(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)A.lowerB.slighterC.broaderD.larger(10).【C10】(分数:2.00)A.liable toB.in terms ofC.thanks toD.in view of(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)A.uniqueB.similarC.mysteriousD.strange(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)A.overB.againstC.
9、onD.behind(13).【C13】(分数:2.00)A.messB.boomC.growthD.decay(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)A.proceededB.relievedC.launchedD.revised(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)A.quickeningB.wideningC.strengtheningD.lengthening(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)A.averageB.massiveC.abundantD.general(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)A.labelsB.cyclesC.vehiclesD.devices(18).【
10、C18】(分数:2.00)A.orB.untilC.butD.then(19).【C19】(分数:2.00)A.concludesB.predictsC.reckonsD.prescribes(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)A.distantB.likelyC.temporaryD.immediateThe term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet, including transactions by consumers and business-to-busines
11、s transactions. Conceptually, e-commerce does not 【C1】_from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by phone, “mail order“ catalogs, or sending a purchase order to supplier【C2】_fax. E-commerce follows the same model【C3】_ in other business transactions; the difference【C4】_ in the details. To
12、a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists【C5】_online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, 【C6】_an item, arranges a form of payment, and【C7】_an order. Instead of a physical catalog, e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be【C8】_on the Internet. Instead of sending
13、an order on paper or by telephone, e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent【C9】_ a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper representation of payment such as a check, e-commerce 【C10】_one to send payment information electronically. In the decade【C11】_1993, e-commerce grew from an【C12】_
14、novelty to a mainstream business influence. In 1993, few【C13】_had a web page, and【C14】_a handful allowed one to order products or services online. Ten years【C15】_, both large and small businesses had web pages, and most【C16】_users with the opportunity to place an order. 【C17】_, many banks added onli
15、ne access,【C18】_online banking and bill paying became【C19】_. More importantly, the value of goods and services【C20】_over the Internet grew dramatically after 1997.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.distractB.descendC.differD.derive(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.withB.viaC.fromD.off(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.appearedB.usedC.r
16、esortedD.served(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.situatesB.liesC.rootsD.locates(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.onB.ofC.forD.to(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.reflectsB.detectsC.protectsD.selects(7).【C7】(分数:2.00)A.sends inB.puts outC.stands forD.carries away(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)A.visibleB.responsibleC.feasibleD.sensible(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)A.beside
17、B.overC.beyondD.up(10).【C10】(分数:2.00)A.appealsB.admitsC.advocatesD.allows(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)A.afterB.behindC.untilD.toward(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)A.optionalB.invalidC.occasionalD.insignificant(13).【C13】(分数:2.00)A.communitiesB.corpsC.corporationsD.compounds(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)A.largelyB.slightlyC.solelyD.o
18、nly(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)A.latelyB.laterC.lateD.latter(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)A.offeredB.convincedC.equippedD.provided(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)A.InsteadB.NeverthelessC.HoweverD.Besides(18).【C18】(分数:2.00)A.andB.orC.butD.though(19).【C19】(分数:2.00)A.differentB.flexibleC.widespreadD.productive(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)A.acqu
19、iredB.adaptedC.practicedD.proceeded考研英语(完形填空)-试卷 15 答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_解析:Kimiyuki Suda should be a perfect customer
20、 for Japan“s car-makers. He“s a young, successful executive at an Internet-services company in Tokyo and has plenty of disposable【C1】_. He used to own Toyota“s Hilux Surf, a sport utility vehicle. But now he uses【C2】_subways and trains.“It“s not inconvenient at all,“ he says.【C3】_, “having a car is
21、so 20th century.“ Suda reflects a worrisome【C4】_ in Japan; the automobile is losing its emotional appeal, 【C5】_among the young, who prefer to spend their money on the latest electronic devices. 【C6】_mini-cars and luxury foreign brands are still popular, everything in between is【C7】_. Last year sales
22、 fell 6.7 percent, 7.6 percent【C8】_you don“t count the mini-car market. There have been【C9】_one-year drops in other nations: sales in Germany fell 9 percent in 2007 【C10】_a tax increase. But experts say Japan is 【C11】_in that sales have been decreasing steadily【C12】_ time. Since 1990, yearly new-car
23、 sales have fallen from 7.8 million to 5.4 million units in 2007. Alarmed by this state of 【C13】_ , the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA) 【C14】_a comprehensive study of the market in 2006. It found that a 【C15】_wealth gap, demographic changes and【C16】_lack of interest in cars led Jap
24、anese to hold their【C17】_longer, replace their cars with smaller ones【C18】_give up car ownership altogether. JAMA【C19】_a further sales decline of 1.2 percent this year. Some experts believe that if the trend continues for much longer, further consolidation in the automotive sector is【C20】_.(分数:40.00
25、)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.profitB.paymentC.income D.budget解析:解析:考查名词辨析。文章首先指出,须田公之应该是日本汽车制造商的完美客户,接着指出他可以购买汽车的条件:年轻、工作好、收入高。因此形容词 disposable 后面的空白处是名词,与disposable 构成搭配描述须田的财力状况。Cincome 意为“收入”,填入后 disposable income 意思是“税后收入”,符合句意,因此 C 项为正确答案。profit“利润”,budget“预算”,一般不用来描述个人的经济状况;payment“付款”,与文意相反。(2).【C2】(分
26、数:2.00)A.mostly B.partiallyC.occasionallyD.rarely解析:解析:考查副词辨析。空白处根据结构需填入表频度的副词,前文提到须田过去开汽车,接下来用but 一词转折,可以判定他现在不开车了,那么应该是更频繁地使用其他交通工具,Amostly“大多数情况下”符合题意,为正确答案。partially“部分地”;occasionally“偶尔地”;rarely“很少地,罕有地”,均不符合题意。(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.ThereforeB.Besides C.OtherwiseD.Consequently解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。这句话的开头需要
27、填入一个逻辑连词,与前文衔接。前文须田说不开车没有不便,后文的意思是开车出行已经不流行了,是 20 世纪的老套做法。前后文意思一致,都是解释为什么不开车,应为顺接递进关系。BBesides 意为“而且”,符合句意,为正确答案。Therefore,Consequently 表示因果关系;Otherwise 表示转折关系,均与文意不符。(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.driftB.tideC.currentD.trend 解析:解析:考查名词辨析。空白处应该是一个名词,做前文 reflect 的宾语。根据上下文,须田的例子体现出汽车销售上的趋势,Dtrend 意为“趋势”,符合句意,为正确答
28、案。drift“漂流”;tide“潮流,潮水”,多指如潮水般变动的趋势;current“水流,或指形势或潮流”,均不符合题意。(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.remarkablyB.essentiallyC.speciallyD.particularly 解析:解析:考查副词辨析。空白处在介词短语之前,应该是副词。前文说汽车已不再有吸引力,后面提到年轻人喜欢用电子产品,对他们就更没有吸引力了。可见此处的副词应该表示递进关系。Dparticularly 意为“特别地”,符合句意,为正确选项。remarkably“非凡地”;essentially“本质上”;specially“特殊地,专门地
29、”,均不符合文意。(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.While B.BecauseC.WhenD.Since解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。从结构上看,空白处应该是一个关系连词,所以要考查上下文的逻辑关系。本句中提到两种车型仍然(still)流行,后文又说整体汽车销售额在下降,所以空白处应填入表示让步的关系连词。故 AWhile 正确,在这里表示“尽管”的意思。Because 表示原因;When 表示时间概念;Since 表示时间或原因,均不符合题意。(7).【C7】(分数:2.00)A.surgingB.stretchingC.slipping D.shaking解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空白
30、处的内容是 is 的表语,描述本句主语,因下文讲到销售额下降,可见除了迷你车、豪华车外,其他车型的销售量额都在下滑。Cslipping 意为“渐渐下滑”,符合题意,为正确答案。surging“猛增”,stretching“扩张”,shaking“不稳定”,均不符合题意。(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)A.unlessB.if C.asD.after解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。空白处之前讲述的是“去年销售额下降 67”,接着又举出一个数字76,下降幅度更大。从前文可知,迷你轿车的销售额还不错。如果不把迷你轿车的销售额计算在内,下降幅度自然会更大。空白处要填入一个表示条件的连词。Bif 意为“如果
31、”,符合句意,为正确答案。unless“如果不,除非”,与文意相反;as 表示原因或时间,表示让步状语的时候没有条件的意思;after 表示时间,与上下文的意思不符。(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)A.lowerB.slighterC.broaderD.larger 解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。这句话说“其他一些国家遭到_的年度跌幅”,后文列举德国的例子,降幅为 9,比前文的 67更大,所以 Dlarger 符合要求。填入后表示跌幅更大或下降得更严重。lower“更低”,slighter“更轻微”,与文意相反;broader“宽的,广阔的”,不与 drop 搭配。(10).【C10】(分数:
32、2.00)A.liable toB.in terms ofC.thanks to D.in view of解析:解析:考查短语辨析。这句话说“德国的销售额下降了百分之九_税率上涨”。税率上涨造成销售下降,空白处应填入表示原因的介词短语。Cthanks to 意为“由于”,符合文意,为正确答案。liable to“易受”;in terms of“在方面”,in view of“考虑到”均是介词短语,意思与原文不一致,三项均不符合题意。(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)A.unique B.similarC.mysteriousD.strange解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。本句开头有 but,
33、表明与前文是转折关系。上文说到其他国家年销售额下降,下文说日本是不断地持续下降,说明日本与其他国家相比并不一样。Aunique 意为“独特的,与众不同的”,符合句意,为正确答案。similar“相似的”,与文意相反;mysterious“神秘的”,strange“奇怪的”,都与上下文无关。(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)A.over B.againstC.onD.behind解析:解析:考查介词搭配。此处意为“因为日本的销售额_时间稳步下降”,填入的介词要与后面的 time 搭配,此处强调的是平稳下降的销售额,因此空白处应填入表示时间流逝、跨越时间范围的介词,意为“随着时间的推移”,故
34、Aover 符合文意,为正确答案。against,on,behind 与 time 搭配后的意思分别是“与时间赛跑”、“准时”、“落后于时间”,均不符合文意。(13).【C13】(分数:2.00)A.messB.boomC.growthD.decay 解析:解析:考查名词辨析。这句话说“基于这种_形势的警示”。前文都在讲汽车销售额的下降,所以此处应填入表负面信息的词汇。Ddecay 意为“衰败,衰退”,符合题意,为正确答案。mess“混乱”,与全文主题不符;boom“繁荣”,growth“增长”,与文意相反。(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)A.proceededB.relievedC.l
35、aunched D.revised解析:解析:考查动词辨析。从上下文可以看出,空白处要填入一个动词,与宾语 study 搭配,表示“进行”,“开展”。Claunched 表示开展一项活动或执行一项措施,在本句的意思是“进行全面的市场调研活动”,符合题意,为正确答案。proceeded“继续进行”,不及物动词,常与 with 搭配;relieved“减轻,解除”,revised“修改,修正”,与文意无关。(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)A.quickeningB.widening C.strengtheningD.lengthening解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。空白处为 gap 的定语。
36、根据上下文,此处意为“不断扩大的财富差距”。Bwidening 意为“正在扩大的”,符合题意,为正确答案。quickening“正在加快的”,strengthening“正在加强的”,lengthening“正在加长的”均不合题意。(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)A.averageB.massiveC.abundantD.general 解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。这句话说“不断扩大的财富差距、人口结构的变化和 对汽车缺乏兴趣都导致”根据上下文可以看出,日本很多人都对汽车失去了兴趣。Dgeneral 意为“普遍的”,符合文意,且可以与 lack 搭配,为正确答案。average“平均的”
37、,abundant“丰富的”,massive“大量的”,均不符合题意。(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)A.labelsB.cyclesC.vehicles D.devices解析:解析:考查名词辨析。空白处需填入 their 所修饰的名词,作为 hold 的宾语;由上下文可知,日本民众不再常买汽车,买了不轻易换,所以持有一辆汽车的时间就会长一些,此处应填入汽车。四个选项中 Cvehicles 表示汽车,符合文意,为正确答案。labels“标签,商标”;cycles“循环,自行车”;devices“装置,设计,设备”,均不符合文意。(18).【C18】(分数:2.00)A.or B.unt
38、ilC.butD.then解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。这句话说“日本民众持有同一辆汽车的时间更长、换开小型车、_完全放弃使用汽车”。此处作者在列举日本汽车消费的三种状况,其语法结构相似,含义都表示不积极购买汽车的原因。所以三者之间是并列关系,Aor“或者”正确。but 表示转折关系;until,then 表示时间关系,均不正确。(19).【C19】(分数:2.00)A.concludesB.predicts C.reckonsD.prescribes解析:解析:考查动词辨析。这句话说:“日本汽车制造商联合会 今年销售额会继续下降 12 个百分点”。空白处为及物动词,后接名词作宾语。B.predi
39、cts 作及物动词,后可接名词,表示“预计,预测”。因为今年销售额会继续下降可以是一种预测,所以 B 项符合题意,正确。concludes,后接名词作宾语表示“结束”,不合题意;reckons 后接名词作宾语表示“计算”,不合题意;prescribes“指示,规定”,不合文意。(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)A.distantB.likely C.temporaryD.immediate解析:解析:考查逻辑关系及形容词辨析。文章最后一句说“如果这种趋势持续下去,汽车产业内部的深层合并是_”。根据上下文,汽车产业持续低迷的话,很有可能通过内部合并来渡过难关,Blikely 意为“很可能的”
40、,符合题意,为正确答案。distant“疏远的,间隔的”,与文意无关;temporary“暂时的,临时的”,与文意相反;immediate“紧接的,立即的”,本句前一部分提出的是假设,还没有完全证实,所以合并不会立即完成,此项也不正确。The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet, including transactions by consumers and business-to-business transactions. Conceptually, e-comm
41、erce does not 【C1】_from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by phone, “mail order“ catalogs, or sending a purchase order to supplier【C2】_fax. E-commerce follows the same model【C3】_ in other business transactions; the difference【C4】_ in the details. To a consumer, the most visible form of
42、 e-commerce consists【C5】_online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, 【C6】_an item, arranges a form of payment, and【C7】_an order. Instead of a physical catalog, e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be【C8】_on the Internet. Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone, e
43、-commerce arranges for orders to be sent【C9】_ a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper representation of payment such as a check, e-commerce 【C10】_one to send payment information electronically. In the decade【C11】_1993, e-commerce grew from an【C12】_novelty to a mainstream business inf
44、luence. In 1993, few【C13】_had a web page, and【C14】_a handful allowed one to order products or services online. Ten years【C15】_, both large and small businesses had web pages, and most【C16】_users with the opportunity to place an order. 【C17】_, many banks added online access,【C18】_online banking and b
45、ill paying became【C19】_. More importantly, the value of goods and services【C20】_over the Internet grew dramatically after 1997.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.distractB.descendC.differ D.derive解析:解析:考查动词辨析。文中提到的电话银行、传真等是对 commercial offerings 的举例说明,这些例子显然与电子商务概念中提到的 all commercialover the Internet 相符,由
46、此可知,二者在概念上没区别,故答案为 Cdiffer“有区别”。distract“转移”;descend“下来,下降”;derive“起源”,均不符合题意。(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.withB.via C.fromD.off解析:解析:考查介词辨析。fax 的意思为“传真”,通过传真传递文件通常使用介词 by 或者 via,故本题选 BVia。其他选项均不符合题意。(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.appearedB.used C.resortedD.served解析:解析:考查动词辨析。此句意为“电子商务沿用与其他商业交易_的一样的模式”,根据句意可知,只有 used“使用”
47、符合句意,故本题选 B。appear 意为“出现”;resort 意为“诉诸,求助”;serve 意为“服务”,均不符合题意。(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.situatesB.lies C.rootsD.locates解析:解析:考查词语搭配。lie in 为固定搭配,意为“在于”,代入句中,意为“电子商务沿用其他商业交易活动使用的模式,两者的区别在于细节方面”,符合语境,故答案为 Blies。其他选项均不符合题意。(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.onB.of C.forD.to解析:解析:考查固定搭配。consist of 为固定搭配,意思是“由组成,包括”,代入句中,意为“对于消费者来说,最常见的电子商务形式包括网上订购”,符合语境,故本题选 Bof。consist 还可与 in 搭配,表示“在于,存在”。(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.reflectsB.detectsC.protectsD.selects 解析:解析:考查动词辨析。此处讲述的是消费者网上购物的流程:_商品确定付款形式下订单,只有 Dselects“选择”符合句意,故选 D。reflect 意为“反射,反映”;detect