1、2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷） I 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 115 各题所给的 A、 B、 C和 D 项中，选出最佳选项 。 Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a 1 in number. Human beings are born with this ability. 2 , experiments show that many animals
2、are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not 3 . However, if you remove two, the bird 4 leaves. This means that the bird knows the 5 between two and three. Another interesting experiment showed a birds 6 number sense. A man w
3、as trying to take a photo of a crow(乌鸦 ) that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not 7 until the man left the tower. The man had an 8 . He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not 9 the bird. The cr
4、ow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was 10 with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were 11 . It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were 12 able to fool the crow. How good is a huma
5、ns number sense? Its not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a 13 group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are 14 fooled. It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in
6、 this world, and that our human 15 is not much better than a crows. 1. A. rise B. pattern C. change D. trend 解析：考查 动词 。 （后文中的从 1 到 4 等都说明是在变化） 根据上下文意思答题。 答案： C 2. A. Importantly B. Surprisingly C. Disappointedly D. Fortunately 解析：考查 副词 。 根据上下文句意，此处表示惊讶，居然动物也具有这种能力。 答案： B 3. A. survive B. care C. hat
7、ch D. notice 解析：考查 动词 。 （原词重现， 13 题前面）意为注意留意。此题的 C选项意为，是属于超纲词。 答案： D 4. A. Generally B. sincerely C. casually D. deliberately 解析：考查 副词。根据上下文意思可以得出答案。此句意为，鸟普遍会离开。另外，此题也可以通过排除发法解答。其他选项代入意思都不批匹配。 答案： A 5. A. distance B. range C. different D. interval 解析：考查 名词。根据上下文意思答题。从上两句的表达不难得出答案。 D 选项 interval超纲了。
8、答案： C 6. A. amazing B. annoying C. satisfying D. disturbing 解析：考查 形容词 。 根据上下文意思以及第二题的 surprisingly 不难得出答案。 答案： A 7. A. relax B. recover C. react D. return 解析：考查 动词。根据第九题后的 stayed away 以及第十一题前的 return 不难得出答案。此题答题的关键是看重复出现 until的结构一语句。 （原词重现及反义重现 11 题前） 答案： D 8. A. appointment B. excuse C. idea D. exp
9、lanation 解析：考查 名词 。 上下义重现。根据上下文，后面的做法都表明这是一个主意想法。可以直接排除其他选项。 答案： C 9. A. fool B. hurt C. catch D. kill 解析：考查 动词 。 （原词重现， 12 题后的词 fool 以及 14 题后的词 fooled） 答案： A 10. A. reported B. repeated C. designed D. approved 解析：考查 动词 。 从上下文意思可以得出答案为重复做。此外，也可以根据常识中的实验是要反复进行的。 答案： B 11. A. confused B. gone C. tired
10、 D. drunk 解析：考查 动词 。 （同义重现，根据第 10 题和第 12 题前的 left 可以知道答案） 答案： B 12. A. gradually B. luckily C. strangely D. finally 解析：考查 副词 。 根据上下文意思可知此处表示多次努力后最终成功。 答案： D 13. A. single B. small C. local D. new 解析：考查 形容词 。 反义重现及排除法可以解答。相对于 three or four， 用 small较恰当。 single只能表示 1 不能表示 2。 local和 new 与本文的内容没有任何关系。 答案
11、： B 14. A. seldom B. temporarily C. merely D. often 解析：考查 副词。根据上下文意思可以得出答案。上文的 always 和 but表示此处答案为 often。 答案： D 15. A. sight B. nature C. ability D. belief 解析：考查 名词 。 最后一段是对文章的总结，根据第一段第一和第二句话不难得出答案。原词重现。（原词重现，第一行首句） 答案： C 第 二 节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或
12、者括号中词语的正确形式填空。 One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen .Suddenly, he 16 (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son,” Go to the Village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 17 too little.” His son lo
13、oked surprised. ”I can understand why I shouldnt pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 18 not save a bit of money?” “That would be a very 19 (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said. Nicks guests, 20 had heard their conversation, asked why
14、 they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied,” The only reason a man would sell salt 21 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked
15、very hard to produce it.” “But such a small thing couldnt 23 (possible) destroy a village.” “In the beginning, there was only 24 very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little ,always 25 (think) that it was only small and not very important ,and look where we have ended up
16、 today.” 解析： 16.考查动词的过去式 。 根据上下文的时态不难得出答案。 17.考查连词搭配 。 neither nor 表示既不也不 18.考查连词 。 why not do sth. 为什么不做某事，可以看作是固定搭配使用。 19.考查形容词 。 其结构形式为 a/an+形容词 +单数名词。 20.考查定语从句的连词 。 先行词是 Nicks guests， who在从句中做主语。 21.考查介词 。 固定搭配 at a price 以什么的价格。此题易错，主要是对这个搭配不熟悉。 22.考查介词 。 show respect for sth. 23.考查副词 。 修饰动词 d
17、estroy，此题多数学生知道是填副词形式，但会错在没有去 e 变 y ,而是直接加 ly。 24.考查冠词 。 搭配 a small amount of sth.结构同 19 题。 25.考查非谓语动词，动名词表伴随。此题的结构为 A， B and C，其中 A， C用 and 连接表并列，谓语动词形式须一致，但 B多数用现在分词形式表伴随。 答案： 16.found 17. nor 18. why 19. reasonable 20. who 21. at 22. for 23. possibly 24. a 25. thinking II 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 阅读理解
18、（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、 B、 C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。 A Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. Children know this very well. Fred Epstein ,in his book If I Make It to Five, tells a story he heard from one of friends about Tom, a four-year-old boy
19、 with a cancer in his back bone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination. Tom loved to pretend, and he particularly loved to play superheroes ,Dr. Epstein explained that it was actually a brilliant way for his young mind to handle the terrifying and painful
20、life he led. The day before his third trip to the operating room, Tom was terribly afraid. ”Maybe I could go as Superman ,”he whispered to his mom. Hearing this, the mother hesitated for a while. She had avoided buying the expensive costume（戏装）， finally she agreed. The next day Tom appeared as the p
21、owerful Superman, showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way. And Tom, with the strength of his fantasy, successfully made it through the operation. The power of imagination need not be reserved for children only. We all have the power
22、to use our fantasies to attempt things we never thought possible, to go through those things that seem impossible, and to achieve what we never believed we could. Just as Dr. Epstein puts it ,”If you can dream it, you can do it” It doesnt mean that you should dress as a superhero for your next job i
23、nterview. But, next time you are texted in a way that seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it .Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first. So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream. 26.What do we know about Tom? A. He w
24、as seriously ill B. He was a dishonest boy. C. He was crazy about magic D. He was Dr. Epsteins patient 解析： 细节理解题 。 根据第一段此句 “ Fred Epstein, in his book of If I Make It to Five, tells a story he heard from one of his friends about Tom, a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone. He came throug
25、h several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.” 得知，Tom 得了癌症，并且经历了许多次手术。 答案： A 27.What can be inferred about Toms mother? A. She was a rich lady B. She refused Toms request C. She wanted Tom to be a superhero D. She wanted to get Tom through the pain 解析： 推理判断题 。 可以通过排除解题。 A选项我们可
26、以从第三段 “ Hearing this, the mother hesitated for a while. She had avoided buying the expensive costume(戏装 ), but finally she agreed.” 得知 Tom 的母亲本不想购买戏装，因为昂贵，得知 A选项错误；同时根据此句可得知 B选项错误，因为最后母亲同意购买戏装； C 选项文章中未提及，故正确项为 D。 答案： D 28. When Tom went for the third operation, he _. A. pretended to be painful B. a
27、cted like a superhero C. appeared in poor spirits D. argued with his mother 解析： 细节理解题 。 根据第四段第一句话 appeared as the powerful Superman 可以得出答案。另外，也可以通过排除法解答。选项 A文章未提及， C选项与文章相反， D 选项未提及。 答案： B 29.In the last paragraph, you are advised _. A. to go through some difficult tests B. to wake up from your wild
28、 dreams C. to become a powerful person in your mind D. to wear expensive clothes for job interviews 解析： 细节理解题 。 根据最后一段倒数第二句话 “ Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first. So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream.” 得知正确选项为 C。 答案： C 30.What
29、 is the purpose of the passage? A. To tell us an interesting story. B. To help us make right decisions. C. To advise us to care about children. D. To encourage us to use our imagination. 解析： 写作目的题 。 文章出现最多的词是 imagination， 所以答案自然要选含有这个词的选项了。此外，也可以根据第一段的第一句话和最后一段的最后一句话得出答案。 答案： D B Some people think t
30、hat success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family, and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck. Im not going to say luck, talent, and circumstances dont come into play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are born wit
31、h great intelligence, and thats just the reality of how life is. However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practicing.
32、 To become great at certain things, itll require even more time, time that most people wont put in. This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you dont enjoy what you do ,it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before y
33、ou ever become good at it. When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost. Its sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent, but thinking that wa
34、y does you no good, and theres a huge chance that youre wrong anyway. Whatever you do, if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time. If youre not willing to put in the time and work, dont expect to receive an
35、y rewards. Consistent, hard work wont guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into. 31. Paragraph 1 mainly talks about _. A. the reasons for success B. the meaning of success C. the standards of s
36、uccess D. the importance of success 解析： 段落主旨大意题 。 通过第一段我们可以得知作者列出很多人认为成功的因素，如 “ Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence” 出生在好的家庭，天赋异禀，可得知本段主要在讲一些成功的因素，故选 A。此外根据上下文意思和排除法，不难得出答案是原因。其他 meaning（意义）， standards（标准）， importance（重要性）都不正确。 答案： A 32. In Paragr
37、aph 2,the underlined word that refers to _. A. being good at something B. setting a practical goal C. putting in more time D. succeeding in life 解析： 猜词题 。 此种题目的答案多数在前文找，根据前文，不难得知答案。 However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition
38、al to that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000hours studying and practicing. 译文为：然而，要在生活中取得成功，你必须要设定一个目标然后逐步将它变得更加实际。除此之外，要变得更加擅长某事，必须花费至少 10,000 个小时进行学习和实践。此外，也可以从结构上找到答案，出现两次的 needs. 答案： B 33.Successful people suggest doing what one loves because _. A. wor
39、k makes one feel pain B. one tends to enjoy his work C. one gives up his work easily D. it takes a lot of time to succeed 解析： 细节理解题 。 根据第三段的 this is a big reason why., If you dont enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become go
40、od at it.可知答案的关键是 this。而 this 指代的内容刚好是与时间 （ To become great at certain things, itll require even more time, time that most people wont put in.） 有关。 答案： D 34.What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A. Successful people like to show their great skills. B. People sometimes succeed without luck or talent. C
41、. People need to achieve success at the cost of life. D. It helps to think that luck or talent leads to success. 解析： 推理判断题 。 根据第四段 “ Its sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent, but thinking that way does you no good, and theres a huge chance that youre wrong a
42、nyway.” 句义为 很容易去认为他们是运气好，或者天生有些独特的天赋，但是这么想对你并无好处，而且极有可能你想错了。可以得知很多人的成功并不是因为天赋或运气。通过 but之后的内容不难 得出答案。而且也可以通过排除法得出答案。 A项的 show skills 表达错误。 C 项的表达 at the cost of life 以生命为代价是错误的。 D 项可以根据第四段最后一句的 does you no good 可以知道答案。 答案： B 35.What is the main theme of the passage? A. Having a goal is vital to succe
43、ss. B. Being good is different from being great. C. One cannot succeed without time and practice. D. Luck, talent and family help to achieve success. 解析： 主旨大意题 。 可通过文章最后一段主题句 “ Whatever you do , if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction,
44、 and over a long period of time.” 得知正确项为 C。 ABD 项都是以偏概全。文章多次提到要花费时间和精力。 答案： C C One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England， an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher ha
45、d referred him to me. This boy has lost his family, he wrote. He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and Im very worried about him. Can you help?” I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesnt have the answer to, and whi
46、ch no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically The first two times we met, David didnt say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the childrens drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that
47、he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon-in complete silence and without looking at me. Its not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice. Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed. took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I
48、 even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me? Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with, I thought. Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly. Its your turn, he said. After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and j
