1、2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖北卷） 第二部分：词汇知识运用 (共两节，满分 30 分 ) 第一节：多项选择（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分 ， 满分 10 分 ) 从 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 例： To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _ and weaknesses A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values 答案： A 21. Poetry writt
2、en from the _ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging. A. perspective B. priority C. participation D. privilege 解析： 该题考查名词的意义。 句意： 透视城市青年的诗倾向于揭示他们的焦虑在于缺乏归属感。 perspective“透视”； priority“ 优先，优先权”； participation“参加，参与”； privilege“特权，优惠”。 答案： A 22. Carbon dioxid
3、e, which makes a _ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer. A. difference B. comparison C. connection D. barrier 解析： 该题考查动词和名词的固定搭配。 句意： 在人类和太阳之间起重要作用的 二氧化碳，防止热很轻松从大气中失去，因此地球正在变暖。 make a difference“有影响；起（重要）作用”，这是一个 固定搭配 。 答案：
4、D 23. While intelligent people can often _ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple. A. sacrifice B. substitute C. simplify D. survive 解析： 该题考查动词的意义。 句意： 聪明的人往往可以把复杂简单化，而傻瓜则把简单复 杂化。 sacrifice“牺牲，舍弃，献出”； substitute“代替，替换”； simplify“简化，使简易”； survive“幸存，活下来”。 答案： C 24. According to t
5、he law, all foreigners have to _ with the local police within two weeks of arrival. A. associate B. dispute C. negotiate D. register 解析： 该题考查动词的意义。 句意： 依据法律，所有的外国人都必须在到达后两周内登记。associate“联系，（使）联合，结交”； dispute“辩论，争论”； negotiate“谈判，协商，交涉”；register“登记，注册”。 答案： D 25. Butterflies _ a sweet liquid produced
6、 by flowers, which bees and other insects collect. A. carry on B. feed on C. put on D. focus on 解析： 该题考查动词短语的意义。 句意： 蝴蝶吃由花产生的甜的液体，这种液体是由蜜蜂和其他昆虫的收集的。 carry on“进行，开展，经营” ； feed on“以 为食”； put on“穿戴，上演，举办，播放”； focus on“致力于，使聚焦于，使直射于， （ 使 ） 集中”。 答案： B 26. In much of the animal world, night is the time _
7、for sleep pure and simple. A. set aside B. set down C. set off D. set up 解析： 该题考查动词短语的意义。 句意： 在大部分的动物的世界里，晚上的时间用于睡眠既单纯又简单。 set aside“留作 之用，留出 用于”； set down“制定，（使）放下，（叫）下车，记下”； set off“出发，（使）开始，引起”； set up“创建，建立”。 答案： A 27. People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often _ rather
8、 than based on fixed criteria. A. appropriate B. conscious C. arbitrary D. controversial 解析： 该题考查形容词的意义。 句意： 有人抱怨，决定批准或拒绝许可证往往是任意的。appropriate“适当的，恰当的，合适的”； conscious“有意识的，神志清醒的”； arbitrary“ 随意的，任性的，随心所欲的”； controversial“有争议的，引起争议的”。 答案： C 28. He didnt selfishly keep for himself the money inherited
9、from his uncle. Instead, he made a _ contribution to help the community. A. commercial B. generous C. comparable D. profitable 解析： 该题考查形容词的意义。 句意： 他毫不自私地把自己从他叔叔那里继承的那笔钱作为已有，向社会作出慷慨的捐献。 commercial“商业的；贸易的；营利的”； generous“慷慨的，大方的”； comparable“比较的；比得上的”； profitable“有利可图的，有益的”。 答案： B 29. Dont defend him
10、any more. Its obvious that he _ destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology. A. accidentally B. carelessly C. deliberately D. clumsily 解析： 该题考查副词的意义。 句意： 别为他辩护的任何更多的，很明显，他故意破坏花园的围墙甚至没有道歉。 accidentally“偶然地，意外地”； carelessly“ 无忧无虑地；粗心大意地”；deliberately“故意地，蓄意地”； clumsily“笨拙的；不 灵活的”。 答案： C 30.
11、 An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered _ a long lost antique Greek vase. A. at random B. by chance C. in turn D. on occasion 解析： 该题考查介词短语的意义。 句意： 一个在南部岛上旅行的画家偶然发现了一只 古希腊花瓶。 at random“任意地，随便地”； by chance“偶然地，意外地”； in return“反过来，作为报答”； on occasion“有时， 间或”。 答
12、案： B 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（ A、 B、 C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Zigfried, a little mouse, blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside. Still nobody came. Maybe today, he thought 31 . It was only a few days before Christmas and he
13、was watching for a miracle (奇迹 ). This farmhouse had been 32 too long. It needed a family. Zigfrieds 33 made a noise. He realized that he hadnt eaten anything since yesterday. He jumped from the windowsill (窗沿 ), grabbed a 34 from his home, and went next door to Farmer Mikes. Farmer Mikes house had
14、been a great place for the little mouse 35 the farmer married a wife who had a cat. Zigfried 36 when he thought of it. He looked around cautiously as he 37 into the room where grain was stored and was quite 38 as he filled his bag with wheat. He was turning to leave when suddenly he 39 a hot breath
15、about his ear. His heart beat 40 , and without thinking he started to run and luckily 41 the cats paws (爪子 ). The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news: a 42 family would be moving into the farmhouse soon. Zigfrieds granny would arrive on Christmas Eve to 43 with him. He hoped that the family
16、 would come before his granny came. Before long, a car came 44 the road leading to the house, with butter sandwiches, cheese and chocolate. Zigfrieds Christmas miracle did arrive! The house came 45 the next few days. Zigfried 46 every single hour of them. 47 , the day before Christmas when he was dr
17、inking hot chocolate with a 48 smile at the door of his home, he heard the 49 of the children of the family about what they might get for Christmas. What? A cat? The 50 froze on his face； his mouth fell wide open. After a long while, he at last found his voice: “Hey! Whose Christmas miracle is this?
18、” 31. A. carefully B. excitedly C. hopefully D. proudly 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和副词意义的不同。 还是没有人来，今天还是有希望，在圣诞节来临前，还有奇迹的发生， carefully“小心地”； excitedly“高兴地” hopefully“有希望地”；proudly“自豪地”。 答案： C 32. A. shabby B. noisy C. messy D. empty 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和形容词意义的不同。 根据后面： It needed a family“这房子需要一个家”可知，这房子空多时了。 shabby“破旧
19、的；破败的；破烂的”； noisy“ 嘈杂的；喧闹的”； messy“凌乱的，散乱的”； empty“空的，空虚的，空洞的”。 答案： D 33. A. mouth B. nose C. stomach D. throat 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和常识。 根据本句后面的： He realized that he hadnt eaten anything since yesterday.“他意识到从昨天他没有吃任何东西。”可知，肚子饿了，故选 C。 答案： C 34. A. bag B. stick C. bowl D. coat 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和名词意义的不同。 肚子饿了，
20、他从窗台上跳了起来，从他的家抓起一个口袋，到农民迈克家去。同时下文有提示： . 38 as he filled his bag with wheat. 答案： A 35. A. although B. until C. whereas D. unless 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和连词意义的不同。 麦克的房子对这只小老鼠来说是一个好地方，直到农民农民娶了妻子，这个女人有一只猫。 although“尽管；虽然”； until“到 为止，在 以前”； whereas“但是，然而” unless“除非”。 答案： B 36. A. leapt B. sniffed C. trembled D.
21、withdrew 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和常识。 麦克的妻子养一只猫，猫是老鼠的天敌。故当 Zigfried听到这就颤抖。 答案： C 37. A. broke B. marched C. paced D. stole 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和动词意义的不同。 所以当 他潜入房间 时， 他环顾四周，小心翼翼。 break“打破；折断”； march“前进，行军”； pace“踱步，走来走去”； steal“偷，偷偷地行动，秘密、不显明地行动”。 答案： D 38. A. curious B. nervous C. pitiful D. sensible 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解
22、和形容词意义的不同。 由于对猫的害怕，当 Zigfried 装小麦时都十分不安。 curious“好奇的 , 好求知的”； nervous“不安的” pitiful“令人怜悯的，使人同情的”； sensible“ 明智的，合乎情理的 ”。 答案： B 39. A. took B. released C. felt D. drew 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和动词意义的不同。 它感觉到 他的耳边灼热的呼吸。猫来了。 答案： C 40. A. strongly B. irregularly C. slowly D. wildly 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和副词意义的不同。 猫来了，它的心跳加
23、速。 strongly“强烈地，坚强地”； irregularly“不规则地”； slowly“缓慢地，慢吞吞地”； wildly“疯狂地，失去控制地 ”。 答案： D 41. A. escaped B. seized C. rubbed D. scratched 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和动词意义的不同。 猫来了，来不及想，跑，庆幸的是，逃出了猫的 爪子 。 escape“逃脱”； seize“抓住”； rub“ 擦，摩擦”； scratch“ 擦，刮”。 答案： A 42. A. close B. happy C. new D. young 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和形容词意义的不
24、同。 第二天下午， Zigfried 听到一些好消息：一个新家要搬到这个空房子了。 答案： C 43. A. celebrate B. communicate C. compete D. compromise 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和动词意义的不同。 Zigfried 的奶奶也会在平安夜来与它一起庆祝。 celebrate“庆祝；歌颂”； communicate“交流”； compete“竞赛，竞争”； compromise“妥协”。 答案： A 44. A. across B. from C. off D. up 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和动词短语意义的不同。 不久，一辆车出现在公
25、路上， come across“偶遇，偶然发现”； come from“来自某处；出生于”； come off“成功，达到效果”； come up“出现”。 答案： D 45. A. alive B. loose C. open D. still 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和形容词意义的不同。 空房子搬了人家，故又恢复了活力。 alive“活泼的，有生气的”； loose“松的，宽的”； open“敞开的，开着的”； still“不动的，静止的”。 答案： A 46. A. counted B. enjoyed C. missed D. wasted 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和动词意义的
26、不同。 空房子搬了人家，故又恢复了活力，所以它享受着这每一分钟。 答案： B 47. A. However B. Instead C. Moreover D. Therefore 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解副词意义的不同。 但当它听一听到孩子们的讨论时，它的微笑僵在脸上了，中间表转折。故用 However。 答案： A 48. A. bitter B. forced C. polite D. satisfied 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和形容词意义的不同。 当他带着满意的微笑喝着热巧克力时，故用 satisfied“满意的”。 答案： D 49. A. introduction B. d
27、iscussion C. comment D. debate 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和名词意义的不同。 它 听到了孩子们的讨论，可得到什么样的圣诞礼物时。 Introduction“介绍”； discussion“讨论” comment“评论”； debate“争论”。 答案： B 50. A. blood B. smile C. tear D. sweat 解析： 该题考查具体语境理解和名词意义的不同。 什么？一只老鼠？笑容僵在脸上了。同时前面有提示： with a 48 smile 答案： B 第三部分：阅读理解 (共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分 ) 阅读下列短文，从
28、每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（ A、 B、 C和 D）中，选出最佳选项 。 A Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the days events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of wo
29、rds, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isnt accumulating memories a way of preserving the past? When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During
30、 the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and li
31、t by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. Al
32、l I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary. Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaning
33、ful. I take pictures, but not very oftenonly of objects I find really beautiful. Im no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future. I don
34、t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I wont have as many exact representations of people and places； maybe Ill forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I dont live to make memoriesI just live, and the memories form
35、 themselves. 51. Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of _. A. observing her school routine B. expressing her satisfaction C. impressing her classmates D. preserving her history 解析： 该题 考查句意理解题。 根据文章的意思，特别是第一段最后两句： but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my
36、 experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isnt accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?关键词： a way of preserving the past“保护过去的一种方法。” 答案： D 52. What caused a change in the authors understanding of keeping a diary? A. A dull night on the journey. B. The beauty of the great valley.
37、C. A striking quotation from a book. D. Her concerns for future generations. 解析： 该题 考查句意理解题。 根据文章第二段的描述： The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows.可知，这样的景色太美了。 答案： B 53. What does the author put in her diary now?
38、 A. Notes and beautiful pictures. B. Special thoughts and feelings. C. Detailed accounts of daily activities. D. Descriptions of unforgettable events. 解析： 该题考查文章细节题。 根据文章第四段第一句： Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling.关键词： a special thought or feeling.。 答
39、案： B 54. The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is _. A. to experience it B. to live the present in the future C. to make memories D. to give accurate representations of it 解析： 该题 考查作者目的题。 根据文章的意思，特别是第四段最后一句： I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera,
40、 busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.关键词： preserving the present so as to live it in the future.就保护现在，才能活在未来里。 答案： A B Mothers and daughters go through so muchyet when was the last time a mother and daughter sat down to write a book together about it all? Perri Klass and her m
41、other, Sheila Solomon Klass, both gifted professional writers, prove to be ideal co-writers as they examine their decades of motherhood, daughterhood, and the wonderful ways their lives have overlapped(重叠 ). Perri notes with amazement how closely her own life has mirrored her mothers: both have full
42、-time careers； both have published books, articles, and stories； each has three children； they both love to read. They also love to travelin fact, they often take trips together. But in truth, the harder they look at their lives, the more they acknowledge their big differences in circumstance and ba
43、sic nature. A child of the Depression(大萧条 ), Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls. Starting with her college education, she has fought for everything shes ever accomplished. Perri, on the other hand, grew up privileged in the New Jersey suburbs of the
44、1960s and 1970s. For Sheila, wasting time or money is a crime, and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury, but has not been successful at trying to persuade her mother into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes. Each writing in her own unmistakable voice, Perri and
45、Sheila take turns exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness, the minor troubles and lasting respect that have always bonded them together. Sheila describes the adventure of giving birth to Perri in a tiny town in Trinidad where her husband was doing research fieldwork. Perri admits that
46、she cant sort out all the mess in the households, even though she knows it drives her mother crazy. Together they compare thoughts on bringing up children and working, admit long-hidden sorrows, and enjoy precious memories. Looking deep into the lives they have lived separately and together, Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with honesty, humor, enthusiasm, and admiration for each other. A written account in two voices, Every Mot
