1、2017 年 12 月大学英语四级模拟题 1 及答案解析(总分：461.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between teachers and students. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：10
2、6.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Technological changes brought dramatic new options to Americans living in the 1990s. During this decade new forms of entertainment, commerce, research, and communication became commonplace in the U
3、.S. The driving force behind much of this change was a(n) 1 popularly known as the Internet. The Internet was developed during the 1970s by the Department of Defense. In the case of an attack, military advisers suggested the 2 of being able to operate one computer from another terminal. In the early
4、 days, the Internet was used mainly by scientists to communicate with other scientists. The Internet 3 under government control until 1984. One early problem faced by Internet users was speed. Phone lines could only transmit information at a 4 rate. The development of fiber-optic (光纤) cables allowed
5、 for billions of bits of information to be received every minute. Companies like Intel developed faster microprocessors, so personal computers could process the 5 signals at a more rapid rate. In the early 1990s, the World Wide Web was developed, in large part, for 6 purposes. Corporations created h
6、ome pages where they could place text and graphics to sell products. Soon airline tickets, hotel 7 , and even cars and homes could be purchased online. Universities 8 research data on the Internet, so students could find 9 information without leaving their dormitories. Companies soon discovered that
7、 work could be done at home and 10 online, so a whole new class of telecommuters began to earn a living from home offices unshaven and wearing pajamas (睡衣). A. advantage B. commercial C. conservation D. equipped E. incoming F. innovation G. limited H. local I. maintained J. occupations K. posted L.
8、remained M. reservations N. submitted O. valuable（分数：35.50）五、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The Health Benefits of KnittingA. About 15 years ago, I was invited to join a knitting group. I agreed to give it a try. B. My mother had taught me to knit at 15, and I knitted in class throughout college and for a
9、 few years thereafter. Then decades passed without my touching a knitting needle. But within two Mondays in the group, I was hooked, not only on knitting but also on crocheting (钩织), and I was on my way to becoming a highly productive crafter. C. I“ve made countless baby blankets, sweaters, scarves,
10、 hats, caps for newborns. I take a knitting project with me everywhere, especially when I have to sit still and listen. As I discovered in college, when my hands are busy, my mind stays focused on the here and now. D. It seems, too, that I“m part of a national renewal of interest in needle and other
11、 handicrafts (手工艺). The Craft Yarn Council reports that a third of women ages 25-35 now knit or crochet. Even men and schoolchildren are swelling the ranks, among them my friend“s three small grandsons. Last April, the council created a “Stitch Away Stress“ campaign in honor of National Stress Aware
12、ness Month. Dr. Herbert Benson, a pioneer in mind/body medicine and author of The Relaxation Response , says that the repetitive action of needlework can induce a relaxed state like that associated with meditation (沉思) and yoga. Once you get beyond the initial learning curve, knitting and crocheting
13、 can lower heart rate and blood pressure. E. But unlike meditation, craft activities result in tangible and often useful products that can enhance self-esteem. I keep photos of my singular accomplishments on my cellphone to boost my spirits when needed. F. Since the 1990s, the council has surveyed h
14、undreds of thousands of knitters and crocheters, who routinely list stress relief and creative fulfillment as the activities“ main benefits. Among them is the father of a prematurely born daughter who reported that during the baby“s five weeks in the intensive care unit, “learning how to knit infant
15、 hats gave me a sense of purpose during a time that I felt very helpless. It“s a hobby that I“ve stuck with, and it continues to help me cope with stress at work, provide a sense of order in hectic (忙乱的) days, and allow my brain time to solve problems.“ G. A recent email from the yarn (纺纱) company R
16、ed Heart titled “Health Benefits of Crocheting and Knitting“ prompted me to explore what else might be known about the health value of activities like knitting. My research revealed that the rewards go well beyond replacing stress and anxiety with the satisfaction of creation. H. For example, Karen
17、Hayes, a life coach in Toronto, conducts knitting therapy programs, including Knit to Quit to help smokers give up the habit, and Knit to Heal for people coping with health crises, like a cancer diagnosis or serious illness of a family member. Schools and prisons with craft programs report that they
18、 have a calming effect and enhance social skills. And having to follow instructions on complex craft projects can improve children“s math skills. I. Some people find that craftwork helps them control their weight. Just as it“s challenging to smoke while knitting, when hands are holding needles and h
19、ooks, there“s less snacking and mindless eating out of boredom. J. I“ve found that my handiwork with yam has helped my arthritic (患关节炎的) fingers remain more dexterous (灵巧的) as I age. A woman encouraged to try knitting and crocheting after developing an autoimmune disease that caused a lot of hand pa
20、in reported on the Craft Yam Council site that her hands are now less stiff and painful. K. A 2009 University of British Columbia study of 38 women with an eating disorder who were taught to knit found that learning the craft led to significant improvements. Seventy-four percent of the women said th
21、e activity lessened their fears and kept them from thinking about their problem. L. Betsan Corkhill, a wellness coach in Bath, England, and author of the book Knit for Health migrants are often not much better off than they were in the countryside. Why? The immediate problem is poverty. Most of Afri
22、ca is urbanising at a lower level of income than other regions of the world did. That means there“s little money around for investment that would make cities liveable and more productive. Without upgrades and new capacity, bridges, roads and power systems are unable to cope with expanding population
23、s. With the exception of South Africa, the only light rail metro system in sub-Saharan Africa is in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Traffic jam leads to expense and unpredictability, things that keep investors away. In other parts of the world, increasing agricultural productivity and industrialisation went
24、together. More productive farmers meant there was a surplus that could feed cities; in turn, that created a pool of labour for factories. But African cities are different. They are too often built around consuming natural resources. Government is concentrated in capitals, so is the money. Most urban
25、 Africans work for a small minority of the rich, who tend to be involved in either cronyish (有裙带关系的) businesses or politics. Since African agriculture is still broadly unproductive, food is imported, consuming a portion of revenue. So what can be done? Though African countries are poor, not all Afri
26、can cities are. In Lagos, foreign oil workers can pay as much as $65,000 per year in rent for a modest apartment in a safe part of town. If that income were better taxed, it might provide the revenue for better infrastructure. If city leaders were more accountable to their residents, they might favo
27、ur projects designed to help them more. Yet even as new roads are built, new people arrive. When a city“s population grows by 5% a year, it is difficult to keep up.（分数：71.00）(1).What do we learn from the passage about cities in sub-Saharan Africa?（分数：14.20）A.They have more slums than other cities in
28、 the world.B.They are as modernised as many cities elsewhere.C.They are growing fast without becoming richer.D.They attract migrants who want to be better off.(2).What does the author imply about urbanisation in other parts of the world?（分数：14.20）A.It benefited from the contribution of immigrants.B.
29、It started when people“s income was relatively high.C.It benefited from the accelerated rise in productivity.D.It started with the improvement of people“s livelihood.(3).Why is sub-Saharan Africa unappealing to investors?（分数：14.20）A.It lacks adequate transport facilities.B.It is on the whole too den
30、sely populated.C.The living expenses there are too high.D.The local governments are corrupted.(4).In what way does the author say African cities are different?（分数：14.20）A.They have attracted huge numbers of farm labourers.B.They have developed at the expense of nature.C.They still rely heavily on ag
31、ricultural productivity.D.They depend far more on foreign investment.(5).What might be a solution to the problems facing African cities?（分数：14.20）A.Lowering of apartment rent.B.More rational overall planning.C.Better education for residents.D.A more responsible government.八、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.0
32、0)For the past several decades, it seems there“s been a general consensus on how to get ahead in America: Get a college education, find a reliable job, and buy your own home. But do Americans still believe in that path, and if they do, is it attainable? The most recent National Journal poll asked re
33、spondents about the American dream, what it takes to achieve their goals, and whether or not they felt a significant amount of control over their ability to be successful. Overwhelmingly, the results show that today, the idea of the American dreamand what it takes to achieve itlooks quite different
34、than it did in the late 20th century. By and large, people felt that their actions and hard worknot outside forceswere the deciding factor in how their lives turned out. But respondents had decidedly mixed feelings about what actions make for a better life in the current economy. In the last seven y
35、ears, Americans have grown more pessimistic about the power of education to lead to success. Even though they see going to college as a fairly achievable goal, a majority52 percentthink that young people do not need a four-year college education in order to be successful. Miguel Maeda, 42, who has a
36、 master“s degree and works in public health, was the first in his family to go to college, which has allowed him to achieve a sense of financial stability his parents and grandparents never did. While some, like Maeda, emphasized the value of the degree rather than the education itself, others still
37、 see college as a way to gain new perspectives and life experiences. Sixty-year-old Will Fendley, who had a successful career in the military and never earned a college degree, thinks “personal drive“ is far more important than just going to college. To Fendley, a sense of drive and purpose, as well
38、 as an effective high-school education, and basic life skills, like balancing a checkbook, are the necessary ingredients for a successful life in America.（分数：71.00）(1).It used to be commonly acknowledged that to succeed in America, one had to have（分数：14.20）A.an advanced academic degreeB.a firm belie
39、f in their dreamC.an ambition to get aheadD.a sense of drive and purpose(2).What is the finding of the latest National Journal poll concerning the American dream?（分数：14.20）A.More and more Americans are finding it hard to realize.B.It remains alive among the majority of American people.C.Americans“ i
40、dea of it has changed over the past few decades.D.An increasing number of young Americans are abandoning it.(3).What do Americans now think of the role of college education in achieving success?（分数：14.20）A.It still remains open to debate.B.It is no longer as important as it used to be.C.It has prove
41、d to be beyond doubt.D.It is much better understood now than ever.(4).How do some people view college education these days?（分数：14.20）A.It promotes gender equality.B.It adds to cultural diversity.C.It needs to be strengthened.D.It helps broaden their minds.(5).What is one factor essential to success
42、in America, according to Will Fendley?（分数：14.20）A.A desire to learn and to adapt.B.A willingness to commit oneself.C.A strong sense of responsibility.D.A clear aim and high motivation.九、Part Translation(总题数：1，分数：106.50)2.华山位于华阴市，距西安 120 公里。华山是秦岭的一部分，秦岭不仅分隔陕南与陕北，也分隔华南与华北。与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同，华山过去很少有人光临，因为上
43、山的道路极其危险。然而，希望长寿的人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多药草，特别是一些稀有的药草。自上世纪 90 年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加。 （分数：106.50）_2017 年 12 月大学英语四级模拟题 1 答案解析(总分：461.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between teachers
44、 and students. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_正确答案：()解析：范文 A positive teacher-student relationship has long-lasting implications for students“ academic and social development. However, some teachers find it increasingly difficult to cultivate a satisfacto
45、ry relationship in their classrooms. Therefore, it is necessary to explore how to best handle teacher-student relationship under new circumstances. On the one hand, teachers have to adjust themselves to the Information Age, which has enabled their students to obtain easy access to a vast amount of k
46、nowledge outside the classroom. Instead of feeling frustrated by students who sometimes challenge them, teachers should devise some means to foster productive discussions and forsake the pursuit of cultivating an authoritative image. On the other hand, students should give their teachers due respect
47、 as is the tradition in China. What“s more, they shouldn“t be surprised when their teachers choose to punish them if they can“t discipline themselves. Last but not least, teachers can establish a positive relationship with their students by communicating with them and properly providing feedback to
48、them even though this seems very demanding to Chinese teachers, who usually have to teach over 40 students in the classroom.二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Technological changes brought dramatic new options to Americans living in the 1
49、990s. During this decade new forms of entertainment, commerce, research, and communication became commonplace in the U.S. The driving force behind much of this change was a(n) 1 popularly known as the Internet. The Internet was developed during the 1970s by the Department of Defense. In the case of an attack,
