1、2017年 12月大学英语四级真题（第二套） (1)及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Part I Writing (25 m(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between parents and children. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 wo
2、rds.（分数：106.50）_二、Part II Listening Co(总题数：11，分数：248.50)Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：14.20）(1).（分数：7.10）A.Her friend Erika.B.Her little brother.C.grandfather.D.Her grandmother.(2).（分数：7.10）A.By taking pictures for passers-by.B.By working part time at a hospi
3、tal.C.By selling lemonade and pictures.D.By asking for help on social media.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：14.20）(1).（分数：7.10）A.Finding cheaper ways of highway construction.B.Generating electric power for passing vehicles.C.Providing clean energy to five milli
4、on people.D.Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel.(2).（分数：7.10）A.They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements.B.They can be laid right on top of existing highways.C.They are only about half an inch thick.D.They are made from cheap materials.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversa
5、tion you have just heard.（分数：28.40）(1).（分数：7.10）A.Her lucky birthdayB.A call from her dad.C.Her wedding anniversary.D.A special gift from the man.(2).（分数：7.10）A.Gave her a big model plane.B.Bought her a good necklace.C.Took her on a trip overseas.D.Threw her a surprise party.(3).（分数：7.10）A.The gift
6、her husband has bought.B.The trip her husband has planned.C.What has been troubling her husband.D.What her husband and the man are up to.(4).（分数：7.10）A.He will be glad to be a guide for the couples holiday trip.B.He will tell the women the secret if her husband agrees.C.He is eager to learn how the
7、couples holiday turns out.D.He wants to find out about the couples holiday plan.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：42.60）(1).（分数：14.20）A.When Americas earliest space program started.B.When the International Space Station was built.C.How many space shuttle missions th
8、ere will be.D.How space research benefits people on Earth.(2).（分数：14.20）A.They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles.B.They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.C.They tried to meet astronauts specific requirements.D.They tried to make best use of the latest tech
9、nology.(3).（分数：14.20）A.They are extremely accurate.B.They are expensive to make.C.They were first made in space.D.They were invented in the 1970s.2.Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conve
10、rsation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.3.Section CDirections: In this section, you will
11、hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sh
12、eet 1 with a single line through the centre.4.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the
13、best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：56.80）(1).（分数：14.20）A.Use a map to identify your location.B.Call your family or f
14、riends for help.C.Sit down and try to calm yourself.D.Try to follow your footprints back.(2).（分数：14.20）A.You may find a way out without your knowing it.B.You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.C.You may get drowned in a sudden flood.D.You may end up entering a wonderland.(3).（分数：14.20）A.Look
15、for food.B.Wait patiently.C.Start a fire.D.Walk uphill.(4).（分数：14.20）A.Inform somebody of your plan.B.Prepare enough food and drink.C.Check the local weather.D.Find a map and a compass.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：21.30）(1).（分数：7.10）A.Endless fighting in the
16、region.B.The hazards from the desert.C.Inadequate funding for research.D.The lack of clues about the species.(2).（分数：7.10）A.To observe the wildlife in the two national parks.B.To identify the reasons for the lions disappearance.C.To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.D.To find evidence
17、 of the existence of the “lost lions”.(3).（分数：7.10）A.Lions walking.B.Some camping facilities.C.Lions tracks.D.Traps set by local huntersQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：42.60）(1).（分数：14.20）A.It was when her ancestors came to America.B.People had plenty of land to c
18、ultivate then.C.It marked the beginning of something new.D.Everything was natural and genuine then.(2).（分数：14.20）A.They believed in working for goals.B.They enjoyed living a living a life of ease.C.They had all kinds of entertainment.D.They were known to be creative.(3).（分数：14.20）A.Chatting with her
19、 ancestors.B.Furnishing her country house.C.Polishing all the silver work.D.Doing needlework by the fire.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.40）(1).（分数：7.10）A.They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.B.They see the importance of making compromises.C
20、.They know when to adopt a tough attitude.D.They take the rivals attitude into account.(2).（分数：7.10）A.They know how to adapt.B.They know when to stop.C.They know when to make compromises.D.They know how to control their emotion.(3).（分数：7.10）A.They are patient.B.They are good at expression.C.They lea
21、rn quickly.D.They uphold their principles.(4).（分数：7.10）A.Make clear ones intentions.B.Clarify items of negotiation.C.Formulate ones strategy.D.Get to know the other side.三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：9，分数：248.50)5.Passage twoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage6.Section ADirections: In t
22、his section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the cor
23、responding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Aging happens to all of us ,and is generylly thought of as a natural part of life. It would seem silly to call such a thing a “disease“.on the other ha
24、nd,scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age are two different things,and that the former is a key risk factor for conditions such as heart disease,cancer and many more. in that light,aging itself might be seen as something treatable, the way you would treat high blood press
25、ure or a vitamin deficiency.Biophysicist alex zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. he said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments.“It unties the hands of the pharmaceutical(制药的)industry so that they can begin treating the disease and no
26、t just the side effects, “he said.“Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you cant control “he said. “in academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area where they can try to develop interventions. the medical community also takes aging for granted, and can d
27、o nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range.“But if aging were recognized as a disease, he said, “it would attract funding and change the way we do health care. what matters is understanding that aging is curable. “it was always known that the body accumulates damage, “he add
28、ed. “the only way to cure aging is to find ways to repair that damage. i think of it as preventive medicine for age-related conditions.Leonard hayflick, a professor at the university of califomia, san francisco, said the idea that aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which
29、 some researchers suggest is possible. hayflick is not among them.“ There re many people who recover from cancer, stroke or heart disease. but they continue to age, because aging is separate from their disease, “ said.“even if those causes of death were eliminated, life expectancy would still not go
30、 much beyond 92 years.“（分数：71.00）(1).what do people generally believe about aging?（分数：14.20）A.it should cause no alarm whatsoever.B.they just cannot do anything about it.C.it should be regarded as a kind of disease.D.they can delay it with advances in science.(2).how do many scientists view aging no
31、w?（分数：14.20）A.it might be prevented and treated.B.it can be as risky as heart disease.C.results from a vitamin deficiency.D.it is an irreversible biological proces.(3).what does alex zhavoronkov think ofdescribing aging as a discase?（分数：14.20）A.it will prompt people to take aging more seriously.B.it
32、 will greatly help reduce the side effects of aging.C.it will free pharmacists from the conventional beliefs about aging.D.it will motivate doctors and pharmacists to find ways to treat aging.(4).what do we learn about the medical community?（分数：14.20）A.They now have a strong interest in research on
33、aging.B.they differ from the academic circles in their view on aging.C.they can contribute to people.D.they have ways to intervene in people.(5).what does professor leonard hayflick believe?（分数：14.20）A.the human lifespan cannot be prolonged.B.aging is hardly separable from disease.C.few people live
34、up to the age of 92.D.heart disease is the major cause of aging.7.Passage oneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage8.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragr
35、aphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Female applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences were nearly hal
36、f as likely to receive excellent letters of recor ompared with their male counterparts. christopher intagliata report.As in many other fields, gender bias is widespread in the sciences. men score higher starting salaries, have more mentoring (指导), and have better odds of being hired. studies nigher
37、starting also perceived as more competent than women in stem(science, technology, enging,and Mathematics) fields. and new research reveals that men are more likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation, too.“Say, you know, this is the best student Ive ever had, “says kuheli dutt, a social s
38、cientist and diversity officer at columbia universitys lamont campus. “compare those excellent letters with a merely good letter: the candidate was productive, or intelligent, or a solid scientist or something thats clearly.solid praise, but nothing that singles out the candidate as exceptional ot o
39、ne of a kind.“Dutt and her colleagues studied more than 1,200 letters of recommendation for postdoctor at positions in geoscience.they were all edited for gender and other idetifying information,so dutt and her team could assign them a scoer without knowing the gender of the student. they found that
40、 and women, th udes letters of recommendation from all over the world, and written by, yes,he findings are in the ioumal nature geoscience.Dutt says they were not able to evaluate the actual scientific qualificatif the apsing the data in the files. but she says the results still suggest women in geo
41、science are at apotential disadvantage from the very beginning of their careers starting with those less than out-standing letters of recommendation.we re not trying to assign blame or criticize anyone or call anyone conscious.Its of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias
42、.be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline level “which may lead to some recommendations for the letter writers themselves.（分数：71.00）(1).what do we learn about applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences?（分数：14.20）A.there are many more men applying than wom
43、en.B.chancers for women ti get the positin are scare.C.more males than females are likely to get outstanding letters of recommendation.D.male applicants have more interest in these positions than their female counterparts.(2).what do studies about men and women in scientific research show?（分数：14.20）
44、A.women engaged in postdoctoral work are quickly catching up.B.fewer women are applying for postdoctoral positions due to gender bias.C.men are believed to be better able to excel in stem disciplines.D.women who are keenly interested in stem fields are often exceptional.(3).What do the studies find
45、about the recommendation letters for women applicants?（分数：14.20）A.they are hardly ever supported by concrete examples.B.they contain nothing that distinguishes the applicants.C.they provide objective information without exaggerat.D.they are often filled with praise for exceptional applicants.(4).Wha
46、t did dutt and her colleagues do with the more than 1, 200 letters of recommendation?（分数：14.20）A.they asked unbiased scholars to evaluate them dit them.B.they invited women professionais to edit them.C.them assigned them randomly to reviewers.D.they deleted all information about gende.(5).what does
47、dutt aim to do with her study?（分数：14.20）A.raise recommendation writers.B.open up fresh avenues for women post-doctors to join in research work.C.alert women researchers to all types of gender bias in the stem disciplines.D.start a public discussion on how to raise womens status in academic circles.W
48、e all know there exists great void（空白）in the public educational system when it comes to 26 to STEM（Science,Technology,Engineering Mathematics）,One educator named Dori Roberts decided to do something to change this system. Dori taught high school engineering for 11 years.She noticed there was a real
49、void in quality stem education at all 27 of the public educational system. she said,“I started Engineering for kids (EFK)after noticing a real lack of math, science and engineering programs to 28 my own kids in”.She decided to start an after school program where children 29 in STEM-based competitions.The club grew quickly and when it reached 180 members and the kids in the program won several state 30 . she decided to devote all her time to cultivating and 31 it The global business
