1、成人本科英语-170 及答案解析(总分：107.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Industrial psychology is the application of various psychological techniques to the se-lection and training of industrial workers and to the promotion of efficient working condi-tions and techniques,
2、as well as individual job satisfaction.The selection of workers for particular jobs is essentially a problem of discovering the special aptitudes and techniques, and personality characteristics needed for the job and of devising tests to determine whether candidates have such aptitudes and character
3、istics. The development of tests of this kind has long been a field of psychological research. Once the worker is on the job and has been trained, the fundamental aim of the industrial psycholo-gist is to find ways in which a particular job can best be accomplished with a minimum of effort and a max
4、imum of individual satisfaction. The psychologists function, therefore, differs from that of the so-called efficiency expert, who places primary emphasis on in-creased production. Psychological techniques used to lessen the effort involved in a given job include a detailed study of the motion requir
5、ed to do the job, the equipment used, and the conditions under which the job is performed. After making such a study, the in-dustrial psychologist often determines that the job in question may be accomplished with less effort by changing the routine motions of the work itself, changing or moving the
6、 tools, improving the working conditions, or a combination of several of these methods.Industrial psychologists have also studied the effects of fatigue on workers to de-termine the length of working time that yields the greatest productivity. In some cases such studies have proven that total produc
7、tion on particular jobs could be increased by re-ducing the number of working hours or by increasing the number of rest periods, or “breaks“, during the day. Industrial psychologists may also suggest less direct require-ments for general improvement of job performance, such as establishing a better
8、line of communication between employees and management.（分数：10.00）(1).A test in industrial psychology is used to find out_.A. a workers achievementsB. a workers potential for a certain jobC. a workers psychological problemD. a workers motivation for a certain job（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The industrial ps
9、ychologists function differs from that of the efficiency experts in that the former_.A. places great emphasis on maximum productionB. cares little about the increase of productionC. is mainly concerned with workers satisfactionD. worries a lot about those workers in poor working conditions（分数：2.00）A
10、.B.C.D.(3).In an industrial psychologists mind, all of the following is important EXCEPT_.A. the steps in which work is doneB. the state of mind of a worker when workingC. the effect of working environment on a workerD. the value of the product a worker is making（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Based on the res
11、ults of the industrial psychologists studies, it is certain that_.A. two breaks in a day lead to lower productivity than oneB. working without breaks may not yield the highest efficiencyC. communication is increasing between the employers and employeesD. changing tools will help increase the product
12、ion（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).From the first sentence of the passage, we learn that the primary objective of in-dustrial psychology is to study_.A. working efficiency that leads to the highest outputB. the working skills and the working environmentC. the techniques leading to the highest productivityD. th
13、e use of workers to get the greatest profit（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Telecommutingsubstituting the computer for the trip to the jobhas been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work. For workers it promises freedom from the office, less time wasted in traf
14、fic, and help with childcare conflicts. For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board, minimizes lateness and absenteeism by eliminating commuters (经常乘火车往返者), allows periods of solitude (独处) for high concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility. In some areas, such as
15、 Southern California and Seattle, Washington, local governments are encouraging companies to start telecommuting programs in order to reduce rushhour traffic and improve air quality.But these benefits do not come easily. Marking a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understan
16、ding of the differences between telecommuting realities and popular images. Many workers are seduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer programmer from New York City moves to the quiet Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes in to
17、his office three days a week and works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to care for her sick child; she child; she hooks up her telephone modern connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. Teleco
18、mmuting workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent
19、is to get any work done.Management, too, must separate the myth from the reaity. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employees situation, not the availability of technology, that precipitates (加速来临) a telecommuting arrangement.That is partl
20、y why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work- at- home programs or policy guidelines remains small.（分数：5.00）(1).What is the main subject of the passage?A. Bussiness management policies.B. Driving to work.C. Extending the work place by means of computers.D. Computer
21、s for childcare purposes.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for employers that is potentially solved by telecommuting?A. Employeeslateness for work.B. Employeesabsence from work.C. Employeesneed for time alone to work intensively.D. Employeesconflicts with seco
22、nd jobs.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In which area does the local government encourage telecommuting programs according to the passage?A. New York CityB. Adirondack MountainsC. WashingtonD. New York State（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following does the author mention as a possible disadvantage of teleco
23、mmuting?A. Small children cannot understand the boundaries of work and play.B. Computer technology is never advanced enough to accommodate the needs of every situation.C. Electrical malfunctions can destroy a project.D. The worker often does not have all the needed resources at home.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
24、.(5).Which of the following is example of telecommuting as described in the passage?A. A scientist in a laboratory developing plans for a space station.B. A technical writer sending via computer documents created at home.C. A computer technician repairing an office computer network.D. A teacher dire
25、cting computer-assisted learning in a private school.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit ones mistakes. It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like “I was wrong about that,“ and it is even harder
26、to say, “I was wrong, and you were right about that.“I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago. He told me he had been the manager of a grocery store in the neighborhood where I grew up, and he asked me if ! remembered the egg cartons. The
27、n he related an incident and I began to remember vaguely the incident he was describing.I was about eight years old at the time, and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly grocery shopping. On that particular clue, I must have found my way to the dairy food department where the in
28、cident took place.There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs in dozen and half-dozen cartons. The cartons were stacked three or four feet high. I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks. Just then a woman came by pushing
29、her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons. For some reason, I decided it was up to me to put the display back together; so I went to work.The manager heard the noise and came rushing over to see what had happened. When he appeared, I was on my knees inspecting some of the cartons to see
30、 if any of the eggs were broken, but to him it looked as though I was the culprit (罪犯). He severely scolded me and wanted me to pay for any broken eggs. I protested my innocence and tried to explain, but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident, apparently the manager did
31、not.（分数：5.00）(1).How old was the author when he wrote this article?A. About 8. B. About 18. C. About 23. D. About 15.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Who was to blame for knocking off the stacks of cartons?A. The author. B. The manager. C. A woman. D. The authors mother.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the followi
32、ng statements is NOT true?A. The woman who knocked off the stacks of cartons was seriously criticized by the manager.B. The author was severely criticized by the manager.C. A woman carelessly knocked off the stacks of cartons.D. It was the author who put the display back together.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4
33、).Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?A. Its Harder to Admit Ones Mistake.B. I Was Once the Culprit.C. I Remember an Incident.D. A Case of Mistaken Identity.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The tone of the article expresses the authors _A. admiration for the managers willingness t
34、o admit mistakesB. anger to the manager for his wrong accusationC. indignation against the woman who knocked off the stacks of cartonsD. regret for the mistake he made in the store（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.The goods_when we arrived at the airport.A. were just unloading
35、B. were just been unloadingC. had just unloaded D. were just being unloaded（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2._ she finds out that youve lost her books.A. As if B. Even ifC. What if D. Suppose that（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Weve _ sugar. Ask Mrs. Jones to lend us some.A. run away with B. run downC. run off D. run out of（分数
36、：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Speaker A: Have you had any trouble finding a quiet place to study in?Speaker B: _.A. Not so sure B. Not so far C. Not really D. Not so bad（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.His brother had become a teacher, _ he wanted to be.A. who B. what C. which D. that（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The couple were _ to eac
37、h other by their interest in classical music.A. pulled B. drawn C. moved D. taken（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Speaker A: I need to catch the bus and it leaves at 10: 30.Speaker B: _, its alreadyr 10: 15.A. You d better hurrying B. You d better to hurryC. You d better hurry D. You d better hurried（分数：1.00）A.B.
38、C.D.8.Speaker A: What did you do in your last job?Speaker B: I sold books in a bookshop.Speaker A: Why did you leave?Speaker B: I had, arguments with my boss. He and I just _!A. didnt get on with each other B. wont get on with each otherC. shouldnt get on with each other D. wasnt getting on with eac
39、h other（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Where did you get your watch _?A. repair B. to repair C. repaired D. repairing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10._ can be judged from her eyes, she has no personal hostility to us.A. It B. As C. Which D. That（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Our children and grandchildren will _ if we dont look after o
40、ur planet.A. endure B. sufferC. tolerate D. bear（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.You will be given a ticket if you _ the speed limit.A. proceed B. exceed C. succeed D. precede（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.He was a man of noble _ . He came from an old and prominent family in Virginia.A. source B. root C. resource D. origin
41、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14._ you feel too ill to go out, I would rather not stay at home tonight.A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. If（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.It is said that he _ murder.A. committed B. conductedC. executed D. emitted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.No one doubts _ it is true or not.A. whether B. if C. tha
42、t D. what（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.He never let me _ when I need his support.A. in B. downC. off D. out（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.What you are doing _ very important in your work.A. seemed B. seems C. seem D. is to seem（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.There is still a _ possibility that their team may win in the last match.A
43、. slim B. thinC. lean D. weak（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.I want to use the same dictionary _ was used yesterday.A. which B. who C. what D. as（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.What can we do for them _ all the help they have given us?A. in regard to B. in return for C. in honour of D. in reply to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22._ in I
44、ndia, the banana was brought to the America by the Portuguese who found it in Africa.A. Originally cultivated B. Originally being cultivatedC. Having originally cultivated D. Although it originally cultivated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23._ deserves the award will certainly get it.A. Who we think B. Whoever we
45、 thinkC. Whoever does D. whoever do we think（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.I believe you have _ some important points in the report.A. left alone B. left behind C. left off D. left out（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.The building _ mostly undamaged after the earthquake, and only minor repairs were necessary.A. discovered B
46、. lastedC. consisted D. remained（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _ the books when youve finished with them.A. put on B. put down C. put back D. put off（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27._ doing so, we decided to sell our new car at any price.A. As B. For C. During D. Wh
47、ile（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.If a better material_, the strength of the part would have been in- creased.A. had been used B. had been usingC. being used D. using（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.I will spend more time on English, _ it is possible.A. so that B. provided C. just as D. for fear that（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.Aft
48、er the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _ cars in 2002 as the year before.A. as many twice B. as twice manyC. twice many as D. twice as many（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Part Identificatio(总题数：10，分数：8.00)31.Ten minutes _ too short a time to finish this test.A. is B. are C. has D. have（分数：0.50
49、）A.B.C.D.32.We wish that you didnt have such a lot of work, otherwise you would have enjoyed the party.A. wishB. didnt haveC. workD. would have enjoyed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.33.It is vital that enough money _ to fund the project.A. be collected B. must be collectedC. is collected D. can be collected（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.This light bulb doesnt work. Can you _ it
