1、大学四级-144 及答案解析(总分：693.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1. 很多大学生在校外租房住； 2. 学生校外租房的主要原因; 3.校外租房的利弊。 BMy View on Off-campus Room Renting/B（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)BChange/BAs relentlessly bad as the news about global warming seems to be, with ice at the poles melting f
2、aster than scientists had predicted and world temperatures rising higher than expected, there was at least a reservoir of hope stored here in Canadas vast forests.The countrys 1.2 million square miles of trees have been called the “lungs of the planet“ by ecologists because they account for more tha
3、n 7 percent of Earths total forest lands. They could always be depended upon to suck in vast quantities of carbon dioxide, naturally cleansing the world of much of the harmful heat-trapping gas.But not anymore. In an alarming yet little-noticed series of recent studies, scientists have concluded tha
4、t Canadas precious forests, stressed from damage caused by global warming, insects and persistent fires, have crossed an ominous (危险的) line and are now pumping out more climate-changing carbon dioxide than they are sinking. Worse yet, the experts predict that Canadas forests will remain net carbon s
5、ources, as opposed to carbon storage “sinks“, until at least 2022, and possibly much longer.“We are seeing a significant distortion of the natural trend,“ said Werner Kurz, senior research scientist at the Canadian Forest Service and the leading expert on carbon cycles in the nations forests. “Since
6、 1999, and especially in the past five years, the forests have shifted from being a carbon sink to a carbon source.“Translation: Earths lungs have come down with emphysema(肺气肿). Canadas forests are no longer our friends.So serious is the problem that Canadas federal government effectively wrote off
7、the nations forests in 2007 as officials submitted their plans to abide by the international Kyoto Protocol, which obligates participating governments to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.Under the Kyoto agreement, governments are permitted to count forest lands as credits, when calculating thei
8、r national carbon emissions. But Canadian officials, aware of the scientific studies showing that their forests actually are emitting excess carbon, quietly omitted the forest lands from their Kyoto compliance calculations.“The forecast analysis prepared for the government . indicates there is a pro
9、bability that forests would constitute a net source of greenhouse gas emissions,“ a Canadian Environment Ministry spokesman told the Montreal Gazette.Canadian officials say global warming is causing the crisis in their forests. Inexorably rising temperatures are slowly drying out forest lands, leavi
10、ng trees more susceptible to fires, which release huge amounts of carbon into the atmosphere.Higher temperatures also are accelerating the spread of a deadly pest known as the mountain pine beetle, which has destroyed pine forests across British Columbia and is threatening vital wood in the neighbor
11、ing province of Alberta. More than 50,000 square miles of British Columbias pine forest have been stricken so far with the markers of death: needles turn bright red before falling off the tree.Bitter cold Canadian winters used to kill off much of the pine beetle population each year, naturally keepi
12、ng it in check. But the milder winters of recent years have allowed the insect to grow rapidly. “Thats whats causing some of our forests to switch from a carbon sink position to a source position,“ said Jim Snetsinger, British Columbias chief forester. “Once those infested trees axe killed by the pi
13、ne beetle, they are no longer taking in carbon - they are giving it off. “Snetsiuger noted that eventually, over the course of a generation, some of the dying forests will begin to regenerate and once again begin storing more carbon than they release. But for the foreseeable future, experts say, the
14、ir models show that Canadas forests will stay stuck in a bad global-warming cycle, both succumbing to the effects of climate change and, as they decay and release more carbon, helping to accelerate it.That grim reality is stoking a new debate over commercial logging, one of Canadas biggest industrie
15、s.Environmentalists contend that the extreme stresses on Canadas forests, particularly the old-growth northern forest, mean that logging ought to be sharply cut back to preserve the remaining trees-and the carbon stored within them- for as long as possible.Moreover, they argue that the process of lo
16、gging releases even more carbon stored in the forest peat (泥炭), threatening to set off what they describe as a virtual “carbon bomb“ -the estimated 186 billion tons of carbon stored in Canadas forests, which is equivalent to 27 years worth of global carbon emissions from the burning of fossil fuels(
17、矿物燃料).“Theres only one thing which hauls all that carbon out of the forest, and thats logging,“ said Merran Smith, director of the climate program at the environmental group ForestEthics. “What we need to do is maintain as much biodiversity(生物多样性)us we can, so we are prepared to adapt as temperature
18、s change, so we have resilience(恢复力).“But Kurz and other government scientists contend that logging less is no solution to the global warming problem and would in fact increase carbon emissions over the long term. Thats because, they argue, essential wood products for construction, furniture and oth
19、er uses would have to be replaced with other man-made materials, such as plastic, steel or concrete, which require the burning of even more fossil fuels and therefore carbon emissions during their manufacturing process.“Its not as simple as saying, Log less and therefore have more carbon sequestered
20、 in the forests, “ Kurz said. “That is true, but if in order to do that you have more fossil fuel emitted elsewhere, your impact on the climate may be negative. “Instead, some scientists argue for more extensive logging of the remaining commercial forests so that older forests, which are most vulner
21、able to insect infestations and have nearly reached their carbon-storage capacity, can he replanted with younger trees that will take in even more carbon during their growing years.（分数：70.00）(1).Ecologists call Canadas 1.2 million square miles of trees “lungs of the planet“ for _.（分数：7.00）A.they bal
22、ance the world temperaturesB.they are abundant to cleanse the earths atmosphere and play an important role in cleansing the earths atmosphereC.they could always suck in vast quantities of carbon dioxideD.they naturally cleanse much of the harmful heat-trapping gas(2).According to the scientists, bec
23、ause of some damage, now Canadas forests _.（分数：7.00）A.are greatly damaged by global warmingB.approach the threatening lineC.take in less carbon dioxide than they produceD.become net carbon sources(3).According to Werner Kurz, what are the forests in Canada like today?（分数：7.00）A.They are a significan
24、t distortion.B.They are changing to a new source.C.They have been a carbon sink.D.They have changed to a carbon source.(4).What do we learn about the international Kyoto Protocol according to the passage?（分数：7.00）A.It was established in 2007.B.It accords with Canadas federal law.C.It compels the gov
25、ernments to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.D.It demands participating governments reduce greenhouse gas emissions.(5).According to Canadian officials, what is the reason for there being the crisis in their forests?（分数：7.00）A.The crisis of their forests is attributed to global warming.B.The fo
26、rest lands are dried out by rising temperatures.C.The trees are more susceptible to fires.D.Huge amounts of carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere.(6).Because of the mountain pine beetle, the needles of British Columbias pine forest _.（分数：7.00）A.cover more than 50,000 square miles of Britis
27、h ColumbiaB.have been stricken with the markers of deathC.turn bright red before falling off the treeD.have fallen off the tree(7).The milder winters of recent years make the pine beetle population _.（分数：7.00）A.decreaseB.increaseC.keep in checkD.change(8).In Merran Smiths eyes, the only method to dr
28、aw all that carbon out of the forest is _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Other man-made materials require the burning of even more fossil fuels during their manufacturing process and result in _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).Some scientists support replanting younger trees because during their growing years younger tre
29、es will _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.Type the document at night.B.Go to the printing room with her.C.Fix his computer.D.Type the document on her computer.A.He lost Sallys new address.B.Sally will a
30、ppear unexpectedly.C.He is no longer in contact with Sally.D.He will send the email by himself.A.Prepare for the right make-up.B.Find out the right style of the dress.C.Wear the black dress.D.Dress formally.A.She has heard rock and roll music.B.She does not enjoy classical music.C.She rarely listens
31、 to music.D.She is not interested in rock and roll music.A.Take the receipt.B.Send the book to the womans house.C.Get back the book from the store.D.Ask for the money from the woman.A.She dislikes her husband.B.She admires Mikes relationship with his wife.C.She regrets to care little about her husba
32、nd.D.She disagrees with the man.A.She prefers to exercise in the afternoon.B.It is important to make warming-up exercise.C.The man should continue with his exercise.D.The man should start to exercise one month later.A.It is clear that her roommate conceals the secret.B.Her roommate will return the m
33、oney soon.C.The woman should directly ask for the money.D.Her roommate should explain the reason.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.She will take some lessons.B.She will travel in the downtown.C.She win attend the party.D.She will do the teaching job.A.T
34、hey can not find a good math teacher.B.They can not pass the examination.C.They can not meet the requirements.D.They can not catch up with the lessons.A.She asks for a leave from her professor.B.She finishes her examinations first.C.She only gives the lessons on weekend.D.She affords more time to th
35、e tutoring.A.She needs more efforts to help the students.B.She has made some encouraging achievements.C.She is lack of time for teaching.D.She can do nothing to help the students.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.A college degree.B.An age of at least 18
36、 years.C.Living in the college.D.Good credit record.A.Free.B.125 pounds per year.C.25 pounds per year.D.18 pounds per year.A.You will be given a booklet.B.You will get a fine.C.Your rights of borrowing will be canceled.D.You cannot borrow any item.四、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)BPassage OneQuestions
37、26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：21.00）A.No reason can explain why some people are left-handed.B.Difference in gender and nationality is the concerned factor.C.The culture may cause some people to use left-hands.D.Ninety percent of people will naturally use their right han
38、ds.A.Because it is not the same with the others.B.Because it is difficult to pick up the foods.C.Because it is regarded as a kind of insult to others.D.Because it is a fool who does like that.A.Some people without right-handed gene may be left-handed.B.The left-trended gene is passed from parents to
39、 children.C.Left-handedness is caused both by gene and development.D.The left-handedness is linked to mental problems.BPassage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：21.00）A.It is not convenient to walk outside.B.They must take charge of the house.C.The chances of b
40、eing attacked have grown.D.They will do the housework.A.People can find more pleasures in violence.B.People think the world will one day end.C.There are many kinds of other threats.D.Growth of crimes on TV sets bad examples.A.People care much for the others.B.People have the same moral standards to
41、follow.C.People are more interested in getting selfish pleasures.D.People take the moral as a guide of acting.BPassage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：28.00）A.The members send mails to each other.B.They meet to talk about the book after reading.C.They live
42、together in order to share the books.D.They should write the book report regularly.A.Meeting together to discuss books.B.Sending emails to discuss books.C.Building virtual organization.D.Travelling around the world.A.Books of certain writers.B.Articles on the Internet.C.Books by a famous writer.D.Bo
43、oks by a number of writers.A.It is named for an important person in the work of the writer.B.It is the name of the person who established the club.C.It is to show the identity of the club members.D.The expert in the club has given the name to it.五、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Teaching today demands m
44、ore than just caring about children and knowing ones subject well. Teachers need to find out what U(36) /U the learners, how to find the students strengths and weaknesses, and how to create environments in which they U(37) /U. This leads us to the need of learning about the U(38) /U and methods of t
45、eaching. A recent report concluded that universities have too often failed, and continue to fail; their undergraduate students are graduating without some of the basic skills they need to function in the U(39) /U world, such as knowing how to think U(40) /U, write clearly, or speak fluently. The rep
46、ort U(41) /U universities to rethink their U(42) /U instruction models. Everyone involved in the teaching-learning experience should U(43) /U that they are both discoverers of knowledge and learners. Considering the fast pace of global academic progress, U(44) /U. Teaching prepares our students to b
47、e critical thinkers and reflective learners. It should be stressed at all levels and opportunities should be provided U(45) /U. The next stage in the process is to get together for learning about the importance of professionalism in teaching. With the new governmental setup taking place, democracy b
48、eginning to dig roots and participation becoming the base of life, let us set ourselves to the challenging task of U(46) /U.（分数：77.00）(1).（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：90.00)United States customs laws define an antique(古董) as an object that is mo
