1、大学四级-1494 及答案解析(总分：713.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1. 良好的师生关系对教学很重要2. 建立良好师生关系的途径3. 作为一名大学生应该怎么做（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Why They CameNot many decisions could have been more difficult for a family to make them to say farewell to a community where it had live
2、d for centuries, to abandon old ties and familiar landmarks, and to sail across dark seas to a strange land. Today, when mass communications tell one part of the world all about another, it is quite easy to understand how poverty or tyranny might force people to exchange an old nation for a new one.
3、 But centuries ago migration was a leap into the unknown. It was an enormous intellectual and emotional commitment. The forces that moved early immigrants to their great decision the decision to leave their homes and begin an adventure filled with uncertainty, risk and hardship must have been of ove
4、rpowering proportions. As Oscar Handlin states, the early immigrants of America “would collide with unaccustomed problems, learn to understand alien ways and alien languages, manage to survive in a very foreign environment“.Despite the obstacles and uncertainties that lay ahead of them, millions did
5、 migrate to “the promised land“ America. But what was it that moved so many to migrate against such overwhelming odds? There were probably as many reasons for coming to America as there were people who came. It was a highly individual decision. Yet it can be said that three large forcesreligious per
6、secution, political oppression and economic hardship-provided the chief motives for the mass migrations to America. They were responding in their own way to the pledge of the Declaration of Independence: the promise of “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness“.The search for freedom of worship ha
7、s brought people to America from the days of the pilgrims to modern times. In 1620, for example, the Mayflower carried a cargo of 102 passengers who “welcomed the opportunity to advance the gospel of Christ in these remote parts“. A number of other groups such as the Jews and Quakers came to America
8、 after the Pilgrims, all seeking religious freedom. In more recent times, anti-Semitic persecution in Hitlers Germany has driven people from their homes to seek refuge in America. However, not all religious sects have received the tolerance and understanding for which they came. The Puritans of the
9、Massachusetts Bay Colony showed as little tolerance for dissention beliefs as the Anglicans of England had shown them. They quickly expelled other religious groups from their society. Minority religious sects, from the Quakers and Shakers through the Catholics and Jews to the Mormons, have at variou
10、s times suffered both discrimination and hostility in the United States.But the diversity of religious belief has made for religious toleration. In demanding freedom for itself, each sect had to permit freedom for others. The insistence of each successive wave of immigrants upon its right to practic
11、e its religion helped make freedom of worship a central part of the American Creed. People who gambled their lives on the right to believe in their own God would not easily surrender that right in a new society.The second great force behind immigration has been political oppression. America has alwa
12、ys been a refuge from tyranny. As a nation conceived in liberty, it has help out to the world the promise of respect for the rights of man. Every time a revolution has failed in Europe, every time a nation has succumbed to tyranny, men and women who love freedom have assembled their families and the
13、ir belongings and set sail across the seas. This process has not come to an end in our own day. The terrors of Hitlers Germany and Mussolinis Italy, the terrible wars of Southeast Asia all have brought new thousands seeking safety in the United States.The economic factor has been more complex than t
14、he religious and political factors. From the very beginning, some have come to America in search of riches, some in flight from poverty, and some because they were bought and sold and had no choice.And the various reasons are intertwined. Thus some early arrivals were lured to these shores by dreams
15、 of amassing great wealth, like the Spanish in Mexico and Peru. These adventurers, expecting quick profits in gold, soon found that real wealth lay in such crops as tobacco and cotton. AS they built up the plantation, economy in states like Virginia and the Carolinas, they needed cheap labor, So the
16、y began to import indentured servants from England (men and Women who agreed to labor a term of years in exchange for eventual freedom), and slaves from Africa.The process of industrialization in America increased the demand for cheap labor, and chaotic economic conditions in Europe increased the su
17、pply. If some immigrants continued to believe that the streets of New York were paved with gold, more were driven by the hunger and hardship of their native lands. The Irish potato famine of 1845 brought almost a million people to America in five years. American manufacturers advertised in European
18、newspapers, offering to pay the passage of any man willing to come to America to work for them.The immigrants who came for economic reasons contributed to the strength of the new society in several ways. Those who came from countries with advanced political and economic institutions brought with the
19、m faith in those institutions and experience in making them work. They also brought technical and managerial skills which contributed greatly to economic growth in the new land. Above all, they helped give America the extraordinary social mobility which is the essence of an open society.In the commu
20、nity he had left, the immigrant usually had a fixed place. He would carry on his fathers craft of trade; he would farm his fathers land or that small portion of it that was left him after it was divided with his brothers. Only with the most exceptional talent and enterprise could break out of the ci
21、rcumstances in life into which he had been born. There were no such circumstances for him in the New World. Once having broken with the past, except for sentimental ties and cultural inheritance, he had to rely on his own abilities. It was the future and not the past which he had to face. Except for
22、 the Negro slave, the immigrant could go anywhere and do anything his talents permitted. A large, virgin continent lay before him, and he had only to join it together by canals, railroads and roads. If he failed to achieve the dream of a better life for himself, he could still retain it for his chil
23、dren.These were the major forces that started this massive migration to America. Every immigrant served to reinforce and strengthen those elements in American society that had attracted him in the first place. The motives of some immigrants were commonplace. The motives of others were noble. Taken t
24、ogether they add up to the strengths and weaknesses of America.（分数：70.00）(1).People migrated to America for the following reasons except _.（分数：7.00）A.searching for religious freedomB.breaking with past cultural inheritanceC.escaping political oppressionD.searching for riches(2).The Puritans of the M
25、assachusetts Bay Colony serve as an example of _.（分数：7.00）A.freedom of worshipB.religious intoleranceC.economic successD.respect for the rights of man(3).The diversity of religious belief has resulted in _.（分数：7.00）A.religious persecutionB.discriminationC.religious tolerationD.hostility(4).Slaves we
26、re imported from Africa for the _ reason.（分数：7.00）A.politicalB.economicC.culturalD.religious(5).The Irish potato famine of 1845 brought _ people to America.（分数：7.00）A.more than a millionB.a millionC.almost a millionD.half a million(6).In what way did immigrants seeking economic freedom contribute to
27、 the strength of the U. S. economy?（分数：7.00）A.They introduced advanced political and economic institutions.B.They brought with them technical and managerial skills.C.They helped give America social mobility.D.All of these.(7).Of the three major factors for the mass migrations to America, which is th
28、e most complex factor?（分数：7.00）A.Economic factorB.Religious factorC.Political factorD.Not mentioned in the text.(8).The pledge of the Declaration of Independence is the promise of _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).As a nation conceived in liberty, America has held out to the world the promise of respect for _.（
29、分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).In the community he had left, the immigrant usually had _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：3，分数：105.00)A.That they pay attention to the time.B.That they are careful of their examination.C.That they prepare for the exam early.D.That they wait a mo
30、ment after class.A.She wants to watch TV.B.She will listen to music.C.She will rest at home.D.She intends to do some shopping.A.She feels that the trip will take too long.B.The students havent chosen a professor.C.Professor Smith has to choose the destination first.D.Its not certain the trip will ta
31、ke place.A.Before 9 oclock.B.At 10 oclock.C.At about 9:15.D.After 9:50.A.He lent her an extra pen.B.He offered her a pencil.C.He said he didnt have an extra pencil.D.He didnt want to help her.A.Keep his leg in the same position.B.Cross his legs a different way.C.Shift his weight to the other leg.D.M
32、ove his leg around.A.She hasnt heard from the professor in a week.B.The class has extra time to complete the assignment.C.She only just found out about the economics paper.D.She wont see the professor until next week.A.See a doctor.B.Stay in bed for a few days.C.Get treatment in a better hospital.D.
33、Make a phone call to the doctor.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.He was watching the documentary on TV.B.He was attending a party.C.He was watching a movie.D.He was attending a meeting.A.About human beings.B.About mosquitoes.C.About the earth.D.About i
34、nsects.A.Insects are around long before people were.B.There are far more insects than there are humans.C.Insects lead a happier life than humans do.D.Insects are incredibly adaptable.A.Because scientists like mosquitoes.B.Because mosquitoes adapt quickly and can change their body chemistry.C.Because
35、 the medicine against mosquitoes is of bad quality.D.Because there are too many mosquitoes.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.A satellite.B.An ordinary plane.C.A space plane.D.A space rocket.A.A space plane is bigger than an ordinary plane.B.A space plan
36、e looks totally different from an ordinary plane.C.A space plane carries more passengers than an ordinary plane.D.A space plane travels much faster than an ordinary plane.A.A space rocket can only be used once.B.The pilot can fly a space plane just like an ordinary plane.C.A space rocket travels muc
37、h faster than a space plane.D.Both A and B.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Talking casually about the old in front of them as if they were absent.B.Patting old people in their faces.C.Rearranging the neckwear for the o
38、ld.D.Pulling at old peoples shawls.A.Too much sympathy will inevitably humiliate the old.B.People respect the old and want to take care of them.C.The old should be left to do all they can by themselves.D.People today care too little about the elderly.A.Comfortable environment.B.Frequent visits by th
39、eir children.C.Organized entertainments.D.Human dignity and the respect of ones fellows.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.The mind should be quiet and conscious but alert.B.The mind should be relax and unconscious.C.The mind should be quiet and sm
40、art.D.The mind should be quiet and conscious.A.The posture is natural and relaxed.B.Motion remains even and fluid.C.Breathing is deep and regular.D.All movements are carried out in half squatting position.A.It can be used as an effective treatment.B.Body movements are well coordinated throughout the
41、 entire exercise period.C.While practicing Taiji Quan, the weight of the body is mainly supported by the legs.D.The practice of Taiji Quan requires a combination of vigor and gentleness.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.About 10 percent annually
42、.B.About 8 percent annually.C.About 25 percent annually.D.About 0.9 percent annually.A.Because Chinas photographic market has a higher growth rate than the U. S.B.Because there is no photographic products in major Chinese cities and rural areas.C.Because theres vast market potential in China.D.Becau
43、se many photographic producers have planned to enlarge their China market.A.It will decrease stores in China.B.It will invest heavily to promote Chinas photographic market.C.It will stage more exhibitions.D.It will increase more employees in Chinas photographic plants.A.Only 99,000.B.About 500.C.App
44、roximately 11,000.D.More than 4,500.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)It is not unusual for Chinese children to get money from their parents, grandparents or relatives during the Spring Festival. This money is often called “Lucky Money“, which (36) certain messages of a peaceful year and good fortune to th
45、e children. As a (37) long-standing custom, it has a good reason to (38) among us for such a long time. However, with the improvement of living standard, the (39) sum of “Lucky Money“ to children is often 10 times the (40) given in the late 1980s. The meaning of “Lucky Money“ has become different fr
46、om what it (41) .Children nowadays have been deeply (42) by this custom. More and more children begin to compete for riches with others when they return to school. They will have a sense of (43) if they receive more money. With the money in their pockets (44) . They dont know exactly how to spend mo
47、ney on necessary things. So most likely, the money will be wasted.To conclude, (45) . Too much money at their hands may alter their sense of values and outlook on life. So we should change our ways of expressing good wishes by giving money, or at least (46) .（分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
48、 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：1，分数：90.00)Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.As the world excitedly greeted Snuppy, the first cloned dog, commentators celebrated our cleverness. Many feel proud that our age is marked by technological (47) . But an article in British newspaper The Observer recently said true innovation has (48) from our society.The writer was Peter Watson, author of the book Ideas A Histor
