1、大学四级模拟 1077及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On a Harmonious Dormitory Life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Outlines are given below in Chinese: 1宿舍生活时
2、有不和谐情况的出现； 2一个和谐宿舍生活的必要性； 3如何避免不和谐的因素，创造融洽的宿舍生活。 （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：3，分数：49.70)Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item, （分数：14.20）A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.One.A.Close all the tourist attractions.B.Forbid using animals as a vehicle.C.Increa
3、se the trains and flights.D.Restore the May Day holiday.Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item. （分数：14.20）A.It didn“t do enough to celebrate the 100th anniversary of WWI.B.It showed little respect to other European countries.C.It tended to focus on the crimes of WWI.D.It tried to
4、 deny the crimes committed by the Nazis.A.Indifferent.B.Opposed.C.Neutral.D.Numb.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item. （分数：21.30）A.Remind people to care their personal appearance.B.Pay compliments to the person in front of it.C.Tell the person in front of it what to dress.D.Make
5、 the company more competitive.A.38%.B.26%.C.49%.D.51%.A.To make people beautiful.B.To raise the nation“s egos.C.To make big money.D.To change a nation.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：56.80)Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.A vacation trip to Yellowstone Park.B.A l
6、ecture by a visiting professor.C.Her biology thesis.D.A research project on Yellowstone Park.A.More buffalo are surviving the winter.B.Fewer buffalo are dying of disease.C.More buffalo are being born.D.Fewer buffalo are being killed by hunters.A.She is from Wyoming and eager to visit Yellowstone Par
7、k.B.She needs the money to continue her studying.C.She has been studying animal diseases.D.Her thesis adviser is heading the project.A.A month.B.Two weeks.C.A semester.D.The whole summer.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.She knew about it by reading a
8、booklet.B.She knew about it by reading a student union introduction.C.She knew about it by reading a newspaper.D.She knew about it by reading a magazine.A.Because they want to preserve the natural beauty of the campus.B.Because they want to protect the students“ right for living space.C.Because they
9、 want to conserve the place for future use.D.Because they want to sell the place for a better price.A.They will organize a meeting to discuss a proposal.B.They will organize a protest to express their opposition.C.They will organize an appeal-letter signing activity.D.They will organize a march arou
10、nd the campus.A.She will participate in the protest.B.She will sign the appeal letter.C.She will take part in a meeting of the Student Action Union.D.She will attend her class as usual.五、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：42.60)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just he
11、ard. （分数：42.60）A.How much exercise they get every day?B.What they are most worried about?C.How long their parents accompany them daily?D.What entertainment they are interested in?A.Get enough entertainment.B.Have more activities.C.Receive early education.D.Have regular checkups.A.Be no place for pla
12、y.B.Be near a common area.C.Have no TV sets.D.Have a computer for study.七、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：56.80)Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：56.80）A.To look for two of her close friends.B.To stay at home and study.C.To share an apartment with friends.D.To move out and li
13、ve alone.A.She couldn“t find a good place to stay.B.Her friend and she couldn“t afford the rent.C.A friend left her for the sake of job.D.She quarreled with her friends.A.Because her home was far way form school.B.Because her parents asked her to do so.C.Because she was bored living outside.D.Becaus
14、e the place where she lived caught fire.A.Because she was disappointed in the college.B.Because she kept moving all the time and couldn“t concentrate on studying.C.Because her home was too far away from school and it was inconvenient.D.Because she was not interested in study at all.八、Passage Three(总
15、题数：1，分数：42.60)Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：42.60）A.Italian people.B.German people.C.British people.D.French people.A.Wash the dishes.B.Have her own meal.C.Make plans for other activities.D.Serve some wine.A.Odd.B.Crazy.C.Regular.D.Romantic.九、Part Reading Compr
16、(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)The furniture and accessories in a private office can send apowerful message about the image the occupant wants to project. A more subtle choicethe 1 you face when sitting at your desksays a lot about you too, designers say. People whose desks face straight
17、toward the door may want to 2 an image of power and 3 . “It gives them a view of everything going on outside the office,“ enabling them to 4 visitors, avoid surprises and 5 what“s going on, says Leigh Stringer, workplace strategist at the architecture and interior-design firm HOK. Others, however, f
18、ind the door distracting. Those who sit at an angle can keep an eye on who is 6 by to avoid being ambushed (伏击；埋伏).Ms. Stringer calls it “the Serengeti effect“. Being able to “look out across the office and see the 7 approach“ is naturally calming, she adds. Workers are 8 in cubicles (小隔间) often mus
19、t face a corner or back wall. This might work for hermits, but it can foster anxiety. It allows colleagues to “come up and startle you, and maybe see what was on your screen,“ says industrial designer Douglas Ball. Have you been stuck with your desk facing in a direction you disliked? Have you 9 you
20、r desk to convey the image you want? Or do you notice feeling differently about the occupant of an office based on where they 9 their desk? A. anticipate F. beautiful K. seeing B. monitor G. passing L. convey C. stuck H. give M. tiger D. involved I. repositioned N. get E. place J. direction O. autho
21、rity（分数：35.50）十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)More Pet Brands Target Owners Who Like to Cook Their Own Dog FoodA. Dog owners “know they“re not quite cooking“ when they mash the meat or mix it with kibble, says Scott Morris, co-founder of the Secaucus, N. J., company. “But they still feel emotionally rew
22、arded for the effort.“ That insight is driving a big shift in the way companies are designing food for the nation“s millions of dogs and cats. After years of steadily rising pet-food sales, brands are launching premium-priced products requiring humans to refrigerate, freeze, dice, heat and/or mix-in
23、 additional ingredients like meat and vegetables. B. More pet owners want to feed their dogs and cats fresh food like the stuff people eat. These pet “parents“ want to do more than dump food from a can or a bag into a bowl. They want to prepare a meal for their pet the way they would for a family me
24、mber. Companies are designing specifically for the “happy dance“ what the industry calls all the jumping, wagging, purring and pawing that hungry dogs and cats do when anticipating a meal. “That enjoyment is what the pet parent is looking for,“ says Evelia Davis, vice president of consumable merchan
25、dise for retailer PetSmart Inc. C. A majority of pet owners now customize their pet“s meals in some way, maybe adding bacon or some chopped vegetables, according to research from retailer Petco Animal Supplies Inc. “We“re seeing it as a shift,“ says John Sturm, vice president of food and treats. “Ju
26、st putting the bowl on the ground and walking away isn“t the humanized experience that pet parents are looking for.“ Laura Twichell says the extra steps she takes to feed her black Labrador help stave off digestive problems. Twice a day, Ms. Twichell, a stay-at-home mother in Cincinnati, slices a qu
27、arter-pound slab from a roll of refrigerated chicken-and-vegetable dog food. She mixes it with a half-cup of organic, salmon-based kibble, which she has soaked in water and then heated in the microwave, plus three tablespoons of canned pumpkin pure. D. Once mainstream shoppers didn“t give the ingred
28、ients in pet food much thought. Experts say it“s hard to achieve a balanced homemade diet, though, and eventually the expense and time involved turned a lot of pet owners offand opened the door to nutrient-rich packaged products that require just a little preparation. E. In March, Nestl S. A. owned
29、Purina introduced Just Right, an online customizable brand that asks owners questions about their dog, including breed, age, activity level and skin condition, and then helps tailor food to the dog“s individual needs. “We built this brand based on the belief that the best nutrition is personalized,“
30、 says Brian Lester, Purina“s director of marketing for innovation. F. U. S. sales of pet food in 2013 totaled an estimated $21 billion, up 24% since 2008, according to market research firm Packaged Facts. The industry“s growth through the recession points to the close bond consumers feel with pets.
31、In a survey last year, 83% of consumers said they consider their pets part of the family. Over the next 18 months, Whole Foods Market Inc. says it plans to expand its selection of organic and animal welfare-rated pet food so the aisle looks more like one of its humanfood aisles. “We want people to k
32、now that the pet food they buy in our store would be something that they would be just as happy buying for themselves,“ says Dwight Richmond, global grocery purchasing coordinator at Whole Foods. G. Mr. Richmondwho prefers the term pet “partners,“ not “owners“ cooks for his two Jack Russell Terriers
33、, often making salmon or beef for both the dogs and for his wife and himself. The dogs“ meals are mixed with kibble. Freshpet says its refrigerated meat rolls are cooked in small batches at lower temperatures without preservatives. With flavors for dogs like “grain-free salmon and ocean whitefish wi
34、th spinach, cranberries and blueberries,“ Freshpet compares its products to “a meal you“d cook for your family, using simple ingredients you recognize“. H. Lucy Postins, chief executive and founder, at first worried people wouldn“t want the hassle of mixing warm water with dehydrate (脱水的) food mix.
35、“But they embraced it,“ she says. “They love the fact that they share with their pet this moment of anticipation.“ Ms. Postins says she personally tastes all Honest Kitchen“s products and ingredients and now is focused on adding varietybecause many owners worry their dogs and cats will get bored wit
36、h repetition. I. In July, duck will join the lineup including cage-free turkey, free-range chicken and line-caught haddock. Honest Kitchen plans to add dry mixesincluding blends of buckwheat, millet and quinoa, and vegetables like chard, pumpkin and peasto which consumers can add cooked or raw meat.
37、 Several pet-food makers say natural ingredients make their recipes appealing to humans. “The gross-out factor is gone with us,“ says Mark Sapir, vice president of marketing for Merrick Pet Care Inc. The company“s canned “French Country Caf“ dog food evokes “the romance of France“ and “will have you
38、r dog begging for more in a heavy French accent,“ the company says. “Thanksgiving Day Dinner“ has turkey, sweet potatoes, carrots, green beans and Granny Smith apples. “When you open the can, it“s really a human mealtime experience,“ Mr. Sapir says. J. Not every popular fruit and vegetable translate
39、s well for the pet palate. “A lot of these natural ingredients have a good cachet about them but aren“t necessarily what a dog or cat would have any interest in eating,“ says Nancy Rawson, a director of research at AFB International, in St. Charles, Mo., which produces flavor coatings to the pet-foo
40、d industry. Behavioral analysis of dogs and cats helps Dr. Rawson determine whether flavors need to be adjusted. By examining how dogs and cats sniff, poke and eat their food, she finds out their enthusiasm or objection. Having worked to balance strong-flavored pet-food ingredients like blueberries
41、and peas, Dr. Rawson is bracing for the day when she“ll have to tackle the bitter taste of kale. “I“m sure it“s coming,“ she says.（分数：71.00）(1).Some companies pay more attention on adding variety for fear that the dogs and cats may be fed up with repetition.（分数：7.10）(2).Some people prefer using pet
42、partners to pet owners.（分数：7.10）(3).Companies begin to realize the importance of cooking the most nutritious food for their pets.（分数：7.10）(4).Experts try to balance the ingredients of pet food in order to produce suitable food for dogs and cats.（分数：7.10）(5).The food cooked by pet owners for their do
43、gs or cats may not achieve a healthy diet.（分数：7.10）(6).The natural ingredients in pet food attract more people.（分数：7.10）(7).A large amount of pet owners will customize food for their dog or cat.（分数：7.10）(8).People“s attitude to their pets promotes the development of pet food industry.（分数：7.10）(9).Pe
44、t owners are no longer satisfied with feeding their pet can food.（分数：7.10）(10).Many companies change their ways in designing pet food for the millions of dogs and cats.（分数：7.10）十二、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The gardens and fields of Britain were saved from a grim invasion
45、this spring. Thanks to the sharp, late frosts of May, millions of giant Spanish slugswhich threatened to devastate plants across the countrywere killed. But now experts fear that Spanish slugswhich was first spotted in East Anglia a year agomay soon make an unwelcome return to our shores. They have
46、decided to seek public help to spot a menace which one expert described as “a disaster waiting to happen“. A group of scientists led by Dr. Ian Bedford, head of entomology (昆虫学) at the John Innes Centre, Norwich, have created a “slugwatch“ website, so people can report where and when they have seen
47、Spanish slugs. There will also be instructions on building traps to catch them. “The Spanish slug is a voracious predator. It eats crops spared by our native slugs, tolerates drier conditions, reproduces in greater numbers and even eats dead animals and excrement,“ said Bedford. “We want photos and
48、sightings from members of the public to help build a picture of how widespread the Spanish slug is. The reports may also give us an idea of whether it is breeding with native species to form a hybrid with tolerance to frosts and cold from our own species.“ The species appeared in Scandinavia a few y
49、ears ago, where they bred so quickly that squashed slugs on roads became a serious traffic hazard. Very soon, it looked as if Britain would follow suit. “In early spring, numbers of the slugs began to appear and it looked as if we were in trouble,“ said Bedford. “But the late spring frosts seemed to have killed off baby Spanish slugs and saved usfor the time being.“ Scientists stress that slugs play an important role in the ecosystem: they are natural composters, breaking down v
