1、大学英语六级 177及答案解析(总分：428.02，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Computer and Online Games. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1大学生接触电脑游戏的概况 2电脑游戏对大学生的利与弊 3我对这一问题的看法 （分数：30.00）_二、P
2、art II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)What is a Species? A species of plants or animals, as the term has been generally used by naturalists, comprises all such individuals as are so similar to each other that we may suppose them all to have proceeded from one common parentage, and so dissimilar from all o
3、thers that they could not have been reproduced from the others, nor the others produced from them. All we know is, that the plants and animals throughout the world exist in species, each one of which stands at present distinct and isolated wholly apart from all the rest, and one cannot be transforme
4、d into another by ordinary generation, through changes of soil and climate, or any other causes whatever known to man, within so short a period as six thousand years. The apple, for instance, is one species, and the pear is another. In many respects they are similar to each other, and each may be ch
5、anged by cultivation and by the operation of other causes a great deal, but by no possibility can one be derived from the other. By different modes of cultivation, by different selections of seeds, by changes in soil, and by other such means, a horticulturist (园艺家) may vary the character of his appl
6、es very much. He may produce large apples and small apples, sweet apples and sour apples, apples with a skin red, green, yellow, or brown, but he can never produce a pear. The apple, under all its modifications, will remain an apple still. It is the same with animals. Each one is subject to a great
7、many modifications in respect to its form, its size, its color, and even it faculties, but through all these changes each one remains entirely within its own bounds, as it were. The distinguishing characteristics of the species remain unchanged. Take for instance, any species of the dog. We may, per
8、haps, by means of differences of treatment, of food, of climate, or of immediate parentage, buy big dogs and little dogs, weak dogs and strong dogs, gentle dogs and fierce dogs, all proceeding from the same original stock. The Distinction of Species Is Very Permanent Although in the comparatively sh
9、ort periods of time, by the experiments and observations which have been made, man can not transform one species into another. Such changes may have been effected in longer periods. Now evidence has shown that the various forms of animal and vegetable life which now exist upon the earth may have pro
10、ceeded from some common origins, or at least from some moderate number of original types existing in former ages. And, indeed, this may possibly be so. But there seems to be quite satisfactory evidence to prove that the distinction of species is as permanent in respect to the past and the future, at
11、 least for very long periods, as it is decisive at the present time. Evidence of Ancient Records In the first place, we have in Egyptian and Assyrian monuments, many drawings and other representations of plants and animals as they existed then, and even seeds, in some cases, found in the wrappings o
12、f Egyptian mummies (木乃伊), all of which show that these plants and animals, and even the races of men, were specifically the same then as now. There have been no changes whatever that blur (模糊，混淆) the limits and bounds by which the different species are separated from each other at the present day, o
13、r confuse the lines of demarcation (界线) in any degree. There is no approach of one type toward another, nor any tendency to such an approach. Between the bird carved upon an Egyptian or Assyrian slab (平板), and its representative at the present day, probably three thousand generations may have interv
14、ened, and yet the present living specimen is specifically identical with the delineation of its ancestor. The great comparative anatomist Cuvier examined the mummy of an ibis (朱鹭), from three to four thousand years old, comparing it minutely (细微地) with a living bird of the present day, and found the
15、 two specimens in all respects identically the same. There is also a bass-relief from the ruins of Babylon, with a dog represented upon it, which is found by naturalists to be identical with a species of the dog existing in Asia at the present day. Evidence of Fossil Remains But we have still more c
16、onclusive evidence than this. It is found in the. fossil remains which exist in the strata of the earth. It also indicates the very great permanence of the characteristics by which different species of plants and animals are distinguished from each other. By means of these, our observations upon the
17、 forms of vegetable and animal life which have existed upon our globe may be carried back to an immense antiquity (古老) and extended over so vast a number and variety of species. So, as it has always been supposed, we can get all the means of information on this subject that can be desired. It has be
18、en thought to be fully proved by these observations that every species which exists upon the earth remains unchanged so long as it exists. When at length its period has expired, it disappears from the field, while new ones are continually arising to take the place of those that are gone. But no one
19、passes, by gradations, into any other; and the lines of distinction by which each is separated from all the rest remain sharp and well-defined from the beginning to the end. （分数：71.00）(1).A species of plants or animals includes all such individuals that are similar to each other and have proceeded f
20、rom one common parentage.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).The apple and the pear are of one species.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Big dogs and little dogs, weak dogs and strong dogs, gentle dogs and fierce dogs, have been proceeding from different original stocks.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Man can not transform one spec
21、ies into another in the comparatively short periods of time.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Many drawings and other representations of plants and animals in Egyptian and Assyrian monuments show that_.（分数：7.10）_(6).The_ Cuvier examined the mummy of an ibis, comparing it in detail with a living bird of the pre
22、sent day, and found the two specimens in all respects_.（分数：7.10）_(7).It has been proved that every species which exists upon the earth remains unchanged_.（分数：7.10）_(8).All we know is, that the plants and animals_ exist in species.（分数：7.10）_(9).Now evidence has shown that the various forms of animal
23、and vegetable life which now exist upon the earth may have proceeded_, or at least from some_ number of original types existing in former ages.（分数：7.10）_(10).But no one passes,_, into any other; and the lines of distinction by which each is separated from all the rest remain_ from the beginning to t
24、he end.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Travel a lot when young.B.Be more responsible for his home.C.Change the idea of getting married.D.Made up his mind to be married.A.They didnt have a good talk.B.They decided to go by plane.C.They werent able to take a walk.D.They talked about
25、geology.A.He is not interested in the book.B.Hed like to read the book very much.C.He has already read the book.D.He has borrowed the same book.A.John was not at home when the woman called.B.The woman dialed the wrong number.C.John is a plumber.D.John was too busy to come.A.The train is crowded.B.Th
26、e train is late.C.The train is empty.D.The train is on time.A.She didnt think it a success.B.She was listening too attentively to the speakers.C.She was puzzled by what the speakers said.D.She had nothing to say.A.She thinks it is of inferior quality.B.She thinks it is overpriced.C.She thinks it is
27、a bargain.D.She thinks it can be purchased a cheaper price else where.A.He is satisfied with what Mary did.B.He doesnt mind what Mary did.C.He has forgotten that Mary borrowed his dictionary once before.D.He is dissatisfied with what Mary did.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Because he didnt hear any no
28、ise at all.B.Because he thought all this was caused by the flu.C.Because he thought he was dreaming.D.Because he was deaf and fainted.A.Visiting her professor.B.Having dinner with the man.C.Going shopping.D.Having no plan at that moment.A.He wants to sell her the ticket for the movie Harry Porter.B.
29、He wants to invite her to see a movie.C.He wants to introduce his friend to her.D.He wants to ask her to buy him the ticket for Harry Porter.A.Free.B.$30.C.$60.D.$120.A.Because there will be a long queue.B.Because the traffic will be very busy then.C.Because he wants to have dinner before the movie.
30、D.Because they have to find their seats.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)A.The mans professor.B.The mans roommate.C.A neighbor.D.The mans brother.A.He is too sloppy.B.He borrows Colins things.C.He brings guests over to the apartment.D.He doesnt use the kitchen enough.A.Try to talk to Colin.B.Go home for a
31、 week.C.Wait till the end of this week.D.Have a room change immediately.A.Because it was difficult to collect.B.Because it was difficult to get rid of.C.Because it came in a variety of forms.D.Because it tended to be absorbed by physical objects.A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.D.Seven.A.A thin male who studies
32、hard.B.A fat female who studies hard.C.A fat male who does not study.D.A thin female who does not study.A.A visit to a prison.B.The influence of his father.C.A talk with some miserable slaves.D.His experience in the war between France and Austria.A.He sent surgeons to serve in the army.B.He provided
33、 soldiers with medical supplies.C.He recruited volunteers to care for the wounded.D.He helped to flee the prisoners of war.A.All men are created equal.B.The wounded and dying should be treated for free.C.A wounded soldier should surrender before he receives any medical treatment.D.A suffering person
34、 is entitled to help regardless of race, religion or political beliefs.A.To honor Swiss heroes who died in the war.B.To show Switzerland was neutral.C.To pay tribute to Switzerland.D.To show gratitude to the Swiss government for its financial support.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It is often claimed th
35、at nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. We live in a consumer society where there is an enormous demand for commercial products of all kinds. (36) 1, an increase in industrial production is considered to be one solution to the problem of (37) 2 unemployment. Such an increase (38) 3 an a
36、bundant and cheap energy supply. Many people believe that nuclear energy provides an (39) 4and economical source of power and that it is (40) 5essential for an industrially developing society. There are a number of other advantages in the use of nuclear energy. Firstly, nuclear power, except for acc
37、idents, is clean. A further advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run and (41) 6by relatively few technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor (42) 7an enormous step in our scientific evolution and, whatever the anti-nuclear group says, it is wrong to expect a return to more (4
38、3) 8sources of fuel. However, (44) 9. Furthermore, it is questionable whether ultimately nuclear power is a cheap source of energy. There have, for example, been very costly accidents in America, in Britain and, of course, in Russia. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium in addition to
39、 the cost of greater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of the market. (45) 10. Thus, if we wish to survive, we cannot afford nuclear energy. In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy programmes are expanding. (46) 11. However, it is doubtful whether thi
40、s growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数
41、：177.00)Young men and women today are finding it more and more necessary to protest against what is known as the “Establishment“: that is, the people who wield (掌握)power in our society. Clashes with the authorities are reported almost daily in the press. The tension that exists between old and young
42、 could certainly be lessened if some of the most obvious causes were re moved. In particular, the Establishment should adopt different attitudes to work and the re wards it brings. Todays young people are ambitious. Many are equipped with a good education and are understandably impatient to succeed
43、as quickly as possible. They want to be able to have their share of the good things in life while they are still young enough to enjoy them. The Establishment, however, has traditionally believed that people should be rewarded according to their age and experience. Ability counts for less. As the Es
44、tablishment controls the purse-strings, its views are inevitably imposed on society. Employers pay the smallest sum consistent with keeping you in a job. You join the hierarchy and take your place in the queue. If you are young, you go to the very end of the queue and stay there no matter how brilli
45、ant you are. What you know is much less important than who you are and how old you are. If you are able, your abilities will be acknowledged and rewarded in due course, that is, after twenty or thirty years have passed. By that time you will be considered old enough to join the Establishment and you
46、 will be expected to adopt its ideals. God helps you if you dont. There seems to be a gigantic conspiracy against young people. While on the one hand society provides them with better educational facilities, on the other hand it does its best to exclude them from the jobs that really matter. There are exceptions, of course. Some young people do manage to break through the barrier despite the restrictions, but the great majority has to wait patiently for years before they can really give full rein to their abilities. This means that, in most fields, the views of young peop
