1、大学英语四级 248及答案解析(总分：746.57，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Dont hesitate to say “No“. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
2、 1别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说“不”。 2为什么有些人在该说“不”的时候不说“不”。 3该说“不”时不说“不”的坏处。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)How to Prevent Insomnia Do you have trouble falling asleep? Do you fall asleep easily, then wake up 5 hours later and cant fall back asleep? Do you wake up several times during the night
3、 and have trouble staying asleep? If so, you are one of over 100 million Americans who experience some form of insomnia (失眠) and your sleep may be improved by better sleep habits. Tips for better daytime habits Do not nap during the day. If you are having trouble sleeping at night, try not to nap du
4、ring the day because you will throw off your body clock and make it even more difficult to sleep at night. If you are feeling especially tired, and feel as if you absolutely must nap, be sure to sleep for less than 30 minutes, early in the day. Limit caffeine and alcohol. Avoid drinking caffeinated
5、or alcoholic beverages for several hours before bedtime. Although alcohol may initially act as a sedative (镇定剂), it can interrupt normal sleep patterns. Dont smoke. Nicotine is a stimulant and can make it difficult to fall asleep and stay asleep. Many over-the-counter and prescription drugs disrupt
6、sleep. Expose yourself to bright light/sunlight soon after awakening. This will help to regulate your bodys natural biological clock. Likewise, try to keep your bedroom dark while you are sleeping so that the light will not interfere with your rest. Exercise early in the day. Twenty to thirty minute
7、s of exercise every day can help you sleep, but be sure to exercise in the morning or afternoon. Exercise stimulates the body and aerobic activity before bedtime may make falling asleep more difficult. Check your iron level. Iron deficient women tend to have more problems sleeping. So if your blood
8、is iron poor, a supplement might help your health and your ability to sleep. Tips for a better sleep environment Make sure your bed is large enough and comfortable. If you are disturbed by a restless bedmate, switch to a queen- or king-size bed. Test different types of mattresses. Try therapeutic (治
9、疗的) shaped foam pillows that cradle your neck or extra pillows that help you sleep on your side. Get comfortable cotton sheets. Make your bedroom primarily a place for sleeping. It is not a good idea to use your bed for paying bills, doing work, etc. Help your body recognize that this is a place for
10、 rest. Keep your bedroom peaceful and comfortable. Make sure your room is well ventilated and the temperature consistent. And try to keep it quiet. You could use a fan or a “white noise“ machine to help block outside noises. Hide your clock. A big, illuminated digital clock may cause you to focus on
11、 the time and make you feel stressed and anxious. Place your clock so you cant see the time when you are in bed. Tips for a better pre-sleep ritual Keep a regular schedule. Try to go to bed and wake up at the same time everyday, even on the weekends. Keeping a regular schedule will help your body ex
12、pect sleep at the same time each day. Dont oversleep to make up for a poor nights sleep doing that for even a couple of days can reset your body clock and make it hard for you to get to sleep at night. Incorporate bedtime rituals. Listening to soft music, sipping a cup of herbal tea, etc., cues your
13、 body that its time to slow down and begin to prepare for sleep. Relax for a while before going to bed. Spending quiet time can make falling asleep easier. This may include meditation, relaxation and/or breathing exercises, or taking a warm bath. Try listening to recorded relaxation or guided imager
14、y programs. Dont eat a large, heavy meal before bed. This can cause indigestion and interfere with your normal sleep cycle. Drinking too much fluid before bed can cause you to get up to urinate. Try to eat your dinner at least two hours before bedtime. Bedtime snacks can help. An amino acid called t
15、ryptophan, found in milk, turkey, and peanuts, helps the brain produce serotonin, a chemical that helps you relax. Try drinking warm milk or eat a slice of toast with peanut butter or a bowl of cereal before bedtime. Plus, the warmth may temporarily increase your body temperature and the subsequent
16、drop may hasten sleep. Jot down all of your concerns and worries. Anxiety excites the nervous system, so your brain sends messages to the adrenal glands, making you more alert. Write down your worries and possible solutions before you go to bed, so you dont need to ruminate in the middle of the nigh
17、t. A journal or “to do“ list may be very helpful in letting you put away these concerns until the next day when you are fresh. Go to sleep when you are sleepy. When you feel tired, go to bed. Avoid “over-the-counter“ sleep aids, and make sure that your prescribed medications do not cause insomnia. T
18、here is little evidence that supplements and other over-the-counter “sleep aids“ are effective. In some cases, there are safety concerns. Antihistamine (抗组胺剂) sleep aids, in particular, have a long duration of action and can cause daytime drowsiness. Always talk to your doctor or healthcare practiti
19、oner about your concerns! Tips for getting back to sleep Do visualization. Focus all your attention on your toes or visualize walking down an endless stairwell. Thinking about repetitive or mindless things will help your brain to shut down and adjust to sleep. Get out of bed if unable to sleep. Dont
20、 lie in bed awake. Go into another room and do something relaxing until you feel sleepy. Worrying about falling asleep actually keeps many people awake. Dont do anything stimulating. Dont read anything job-related or watch a stimulating TV program (commercials and news shows tend to be alerting). Do
21、nt expose yourself to bright light. The light gives cues to your brain that it is time to wake up. Consider changing your bedtime. If you are experiencing sleeplessness or insomnia consistently, think about going to bed later so that the time you spend in bed is spent sleeping. If you are only getti
22、ng five hours of sleep at night, figure out what time you need to get up and subtract five hours (for example, if you want to get up at 6:00 am, go to bed at 1:00 am). This may seem counterproductive (反效果的) and, at first, you may be depriving yourself of some sleep, but it can help train your body t
23、o sleep consistently while in bed. When you are spending all of your time in bed sleeping, you can gradually sleep more, by adding 15 minutes at a time. （分数：71.00）(1).Though only a few people suffer from some form of insomnia, you still have a chance to get it treated.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).If you h
24、ave trouble sleeping at night, you should never take a nap during the day.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Alcohol can serve as a sedative, so it can be used to improve your sleep.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Iron deficiency may result in sleeping problems for women.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).To ensure a good sleep env
25、ironment, your bedroom should be solely kept for rest and sleeping instead of handling other businesses.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).If you have a poor sleep the previous night, you can sleep for a few more hours in the morning to make up for it.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Youd better take a warm bath for half
26、 an hour so that you can fall asleep easily.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).If you still have some concern in your mind before you go to sleep, you may_.（分数：7.10）_(9).To avoid sleeping problems, you shouldnt _or watch stimulating TV programs.（分数：7.10）_(10).As to whether supplements and other over-the-counter
27、 “sleep aids“ are effective, there_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She cant put up with the noise.B.She wants to save money to buy a piano.C.The present apartment is too expensive.D.She has found a job a neighboring area.A.His injury kept him at home.B.He didnt think it necessary.
28、C.He was too weak to see the doctor.D.He failed to make an appointment.A.She may telephone Arthur.B.Perhaps rehearsal should be canceled.C.She cant practice any other evening.D.Rehearsal has already been postponed.A.He will review 3 more lessons.B.He will study the other 5 lessons.C.He will go over
29、the 12 lessons.D.He will study all the 15 lessons.A.Encouraged.B.Indifferent.C.InsultedD.Responsible.A.Looking for a young lady.B.Looking for her wristwatch.C.Looking for a man wearing a wristwatch.D.Looking for a young gentleman.A.The pear.B.The weather.C.The cold.D.The seafood.A.At a cigarette sto
30、re.B.At a bus station.C.At a gas station.D.At Aunt Marys.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.To use a cassette recorder and record all the lectures.B.To use a notebook to take notes.C.To read the material before lectures.D.To listen attentively.A.To read it word by word.B.To take notes when reading it.C.To
31、 read it aloud.D.To skim through it.A.American history.B.European history.C.American Revolution.D.French Revolution.A.To organize activities for children.B.To sell local farm products.C.To bring tourists to the town.D.To make money for the hospital.A.Play in a band.B.Work at the auction.C.Sell refre
32、shments.D.Collect tickets.A.He thinks its mainly for children.B.He feels it would be worthwhile.C.He believes it is too complicated.D.He thinks it may not be very profitable.A.She was found stealing in a bookstore.B.She caught someone in the act of stealing.C.She admitted having stolen something.D.S
33、he said she was wrongly accused of stealing.A.A book.B.$ 3,000.C.A handbag.D.A Christmas card.A.She was questioned by the police.B.She was shut in a small room for 20 minutes.C.She was insulted by the shopper around her.D.She was body-searched by the store manager.A.They refused to apologize for hav
34、ing followed her through the town.B.They regretted having wrongly accused her of stealing.C.They still suspected that she was a thief.D.They agreed to pay her $ 3,000 damages.A.An exam tests your knowledge and skills.B.An exam tests not only your knowledge but also mental discipline and emotional st
35、ability.C.An exam makes you sick and even sleepy.D.An exam makes you angry and weak psychologically.A.Because they have not prepared properly.B.Because they want to get better grades.C.Because they are in poor health.D.Because they are half awake while in examination.A.A good study plan and health.B
36、.Regular diet and usual amount of sleep.C.Emotional stability and confidence.D.A good sleep and brief revision work.A.A horse.B.Money.C.The judge.D.The stable.A.He decided the case from the appearances of the prince and the beggar.B.He beat the beggar violently.C.He took the prince and the beggar to
37、 the stable next morning and asked them to recognize the horse.D.He rejected the case.A.Because he hated the beggar.B.Because the horse recognized the prince as its owner.C.Because he thought the prince was rich and therefore should own a horse.D.No reason at all.A.Unbelieving.B.Doubtful.C.Admiring.
38、D.Negative.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The potential of closed circuit television and other new (36) 1teaching tools is so great that it is (37) 2to visualize “the school of tomorrow.“ Televised lessons will (38) 3from a central building having perhaps four or five master (39) 4. The lessons will be
39、carried into classrooms all over a city, or even an (40) 5country. After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for the all important “follow up“ period. The students will ask any (41) 6questions, and difficult points will be cleared up through discussion. The teache
40、r in the classroom will have (42) 7teaching tools. On the teachers desk, the traditional bright red apple will have been (43) 8by a multiple control panel and magnetic tape players. (44) 9. The lessons will be specifically changed to the students levels of ability. For instance, while the class as a
41、 whole studies history, (45) 10. In the “school of tomorrow,“ (46) 11. In this way, the teacher will be able to conduct three classes at the same time. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)New technology links t
42、he world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. Its now a “global village“ where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills. Deeply involved wit
43、h this new technology is a breed of modem businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modem markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts. Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within execut
44、ive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.“ He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the companys plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed i
45、n a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent (普遍的). Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications d
46、evices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets. English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isnt generally required to
47、 get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal. The employee posted abroad who speaks the countrys principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm. （分数：177.50）(1).What is the authors attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?（分数：35.50）A.
