1、大学英语四级卷一真题 2016 年 6 月及答案解析(总分：639.00，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Part I Writing (30 m(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no
2、more than 180 words.（分数：106.50）_二、Part II Listening Co(总题数：3，分数：49.70)Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：14.20）A.The International Labor Organizations key objective.B.The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.C.Rising unemployment worldwide.D.Global econ
3、omic recovery.A.Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.B.Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.C.Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.D.Many countries need support to improve their peoples livelihood.Questions 3 and 4 are bas
4、ed on the news report you have just heard.（分数：14.20）A.Serve standardized food nationwide.B.Put calorie information on the menu.C.Increase protein content in the food.D.Offer convenient food to customers.A.They will be fined.B.They will be closed.C.They will get a warning.D.They will lose customers.Q
5、uestions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：21.30）A.Inability to implement their business plans.B.Inability to keep turning out novel products.C.Lack of a successful business model of their own.D.Failure to integrate innovation into their business.A.It is the secret to busin
6、ess success.B.It is the creation of something new.C.It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.D.It is an essential part of business culture.A.Its hardworking employees.B.Its flexible promotion strategy.C.Its innovation culture.D.Its willingness to make investments.三、Section B(总题数：2，分数：56.80)Questions
7、8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.Hes got addicted to technology.B.He is not very good at socializing.C.He is crazy about text-messaging.D.He does not talk long on the phone.A.Talk big.B.Talk at length.C.Gossip a lot.D.Forget herself.A.He thought it was cool.B.He
8、 needed the practice.C.He wanted to stay connected with them.D.He had an urgent message to send.A.It poses a challenge to seniors.B.It saves both time and money.C.It is childish and unprofessional.D.It is cool and convenient.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：2
9、8.40）A.He wants to change his job assignment.B.He is unhappy with his department manager.C.He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.D.He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.A.His workload was much too heavy.B.His immediate boss did not trust him.C.His colleagues often refused to coope
10、rate.D.His salary was too low for his responsibility.A.He never knows how to refuse.B.He is always ready to help others.C.His boss has a lot of trust in him.D.His boss has no sense of fairness.A.Put all his complaints in writing.B.Wait and see what happens next.C.Learn to say no when necessary.D.Tal
11、k to his boss in person first.四、Section C(总题数：3，分数：71.00)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.30）A.The importance of sleep to a healthy life.B.Reasons for Americans decline in sleep.C.Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.D.Diseases associated with lack of sleep
12、.A.They are more health-conscious.B.They are changing their living habits.C.They get less and less sleep.D.They know the dangers of lack of sleep.A.Their weight will go down.B.Their mind function will deteriorate.C.Their work efficiency will decrease.D.Their blood pressure will rise.Questions 19 to
13、21 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.30）A.How much you can afford to pay.B.What course you are going to choose.C.Which university you are going to apply to.D.When you are going to submit your application.A.The list of courses studied.B.The full record of scores.C.The references fro
14、m teachers.D.The personal statement.A.Specify what they would like to do after graduation.B.Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.C.Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.D.Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university.Questions 22 to 25 are based on
15、 the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.40）A.It was equipped with rubber tyres.B.It was built in the late 19th century.C.It was purchased by the Royal family.D.It was designed by an English engineer.A.They consumed lots of petrol.B.They took two passengers only.C.They were difficult to drive.D.They
16、often broke down.A.They were produced on the assembly line.B.They were built with less costly materials.C.They were modeled after British cars.D.They were made for ordinary use.A.It made news all over the world.B.It was built for the Royal family.C.It marked a new era in motor travel.D.It attracted
17、large numbers of motorists.五、Part III Reading Com(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Questions 26 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard。 Physical activity does the body good， and theres growing evidence that it helps the brain too。 Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise，
18、whether at school or on their own， 26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests。 In a 27 of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic 28 ， investigators found that the more children moved， the better their grades were in school， 29 in the basic subjects of math， Engl
19、ish and reading。 The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30 on smaller budgets。 The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time。 With standardized tes
20、t scores in the U.S。 31 in recent years， some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground。 But as these findings show， exercise and academics may not be 32 exclusive。 Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain， fueling memory， attent
21、ion and creativity， which are 34 to learning。 And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress， which can also help learning。 So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when theyre running around， they may actually be exercising their brains as well。 注意：此部分
22、试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。 A)attendance B)consequently C)current D)depressing E)dropping F)essential G)feasible H)flow I)mood J)mutually K)particularly L)performance M)review N)survive O)tend（分数：35.50）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K
23、.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.六、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Finding the Right Homeand Contentment,Too AWhen your elderly relative needs to enter
24、 some sort of long-term care facilitya moment few parents or children approach without fearwhat you would like is to have everything made clear. BDoes assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as
25、 bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype (固定看法)? Can doing ones homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know. C I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have
26、assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresp
27、onsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do. DThe most recent of these studies, published in The journal of Applied Gerontology, surveyed 150
28、 Connecticut residents of assisted living, nursing homes and smaller residential care homes (known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes). Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life, em
29、otional well-being and social interaction, as well as about the quality of the facilities. E“We thought we would see differences based on the housing types,” said the lead author of the study, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumptiondont families s
30、truggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they cant? F In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely.
31、They scored higher on social interaction. G But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type, they found, that creates differences in residents responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, comb
32、ined with their own personal characteristicshow healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status,” Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant. H An elderly person who describes herself as in poor he
33、alth, therefore, might be no less depressed in assisted living(even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who bad input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal.
34、 It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences. “You cant just say, Lets put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing homeshe will be much better off,” Dr. Robison said. What matters, she added, “i
35、s a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there.” I Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variablesthe facilitys type,
36、size or age; whether a chain owned it; how attractive the neighborhood washad no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents physical health and mental status. What people were like when
37、they came in had greater consequence than what happened one they were there. J As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk, announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also
38、 has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones. (More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)
39、K Before we collectively tear our hair outhow are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing?here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane, a geriatrician（老年病学专家）at the University of North Carolina：“In a way, that could be liberating for families.” L Of course, sons and daughters want to v
40、isit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they dont have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are goi
41、ng to be happy，” Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important. M We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas, too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my
42、 town. I have seen this placeit is elegant, inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived, though the visit had been planned; nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room, they sat alone at a table. N The daughter feared her mot
43、her would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.（分数：71.00）(1).Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing
44、home for their parents.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(2).Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(3).It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is b
45、etter than a nursing home. （分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(4).How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(5).The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place
46、over an apparently elegant assisted living home.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(6).The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(7).At first the researchers of the most recent study found resid
47、ents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(8).What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think. （分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(9).The findings of the latest research were similar to an earl
48、ier multi-state study of assisted living.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(10).A residents satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.七、Section C(总题数：2，分数：1
49、42.00)Passage one Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage. As Artificial Intelligence(AI)becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code. Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, its
