1、大学英语四级卷一真题 2015 年 6 月及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Part I Writing (30 m(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start you essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on parents role in their c
2、hildrens growth. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 150 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part II Listening Co(总题数：1，分数：56.80)A.The woman shouldgo on playing chess.B.He is willing to play chess with the woman.C.The woman has good reason to quit the game.D.He will give the woman some tips on the
3、 game.A.She would liketo resume contact with Sally.B.The man can forward the mail to Mary.C.She can call Mary to take care of the mail.D.Mary probably knows Sallys new address.A.He did notattend todays class.B.His notes are not easy to read.C.His handwriting has a unique style.D.He is pleased to be
4、able to take the course.A.The newrestaurant is a perfect place for dating.B.The new restaurant caught her fancy immediately.C.The man has good taste in choosing the restaurant.D.The man had better choose another restaurant.A.He will help thewoman put things away.B.He has been waiting for winter sale
5、.C.He has been looking forward to Spring.D.He will clean the womans boots.A.The woman oftenworks overtime at weekends.B.The man often lends books to the woman.C.The man appreciates the womans help.D.The woman is rather forgetful.A.Take asightseeing trip.B.Go to work on foot.C.Start work earlier than
6、 usual time.D.Take a walk when the weather permits.A.Temporaryclosing has disturbed the airports operation.B.The plane is going to land at another airport.C.All flights have been delayed due to bad weather.D.The airports management is in real need of improvement.A.It specializes in safety from leaks
7、.B.It is headquartered in London.C.It has a chemical processing plant.D.It has a partnership with LCP.A.He is safety inspector.B.He is Mr. Grands friend.C.He is a chemist.D.He is a salesman.A.The public relations officer.B.Head of the personnel department.C.Mr. Grands personal assistant.D.Director o
8、f the safety department.A.Send a comprehensive description of their work.B.Provide details of their products and services.C.Leave a message for Mr. Grand.D.Wait for Mr. Grand to call back.A.She listened to recording of many European orchestras.B.She read a lot about European musicians and theirmusic
9、.C.She dreamed of working and living in a Europeancountry.D.She learned playing the violin from a famous Frenchmusician.A.She was a pupil of a famous European violinist.B.She gave her first performance with her father.C.She became a professional violinist at fifteen.D.She began taking violin lessons
10、 as a small child.A.It was the chance of a lifetime.B.It was a great challenge to her.C.It gave her a chance to explore.D.It helped her learn classical French music.四、Section B(总题数：3，分数：71.00)A.There are mysterious stories behind his works.B.His personal history is little known.C.His works have no m
11、atch worldwide.D.There are many misunderstandings about him.A.He once worked in a well-known acting company.B.He moved to Stratford-on-Avon in his childhood.C.He failed to go beyond grammar school.D.He was a member of the town council.A.People of his time had little interest in him.B.His works were
12、adapted beyond recognition.C.Possible sources of clues about him were lost in afire.D.Writers of his time had no means to protect theirworks.A.Theft.B.Air crash.C.Cheating.D.Road accidents.A.Learn the local customs.B.Have the right documents.C.Book tickets well in advance.D.Make hotel reservations.A
13、.Contact your agent.B.Use official transport.C.Get a lift if possible.D.Have a friend meet you.A.Cut down production cost.B.Refine the taste of his goods.C.Sell inexpensive products.D.Specialize in gold ornament.A.At a meeting of top British businesspeople.B.During a local sales promotion campaign.C
14、.During a live television interview.D.At a national press conference.A.Discouraged.B.Distressed.C.Puzzled.D.Insulted.A.He is not laughed at, that laughs at himselffirst.B.There should be a limit to ones sense ofhumor.C.He who never learns from the past is bound to fail.D.The words of some businesspe
15、ople are just rubbish.五、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Looking at the basic biology systems, the world is notdoing very well. Yet economic indicators show the world is (26) 1 . Despitea slow start at the beginning of the eighties, global economic output increasedby more than a fifth during the (27) 2 . Th
16、e economy grew, trade increased, andmillions of new jobs were created. How can biological indicators show (28) 3 of economic indicators? The answer is that the economic indicators have abasic fault: they show no difference between resources uses that (29) 4 and those uses that will hurt it. The main
17、 measure of economicprogress is the gross national product (GNP). (30) 5 , this totals thevalue of all goods and services produced and subtracts loss in value offactories and equipment. Developed a half-century ago, GNP helped (31) 6 a common way among countries of measuring change in economic outpu
18、t. For sometime, this seemed to work (32) 7 well, but serious weakness are nowappearing. As indicated earlier, GNP includes loss in value of factories andequipment, but it does not (33) 8 the loss of natural resources,including nonrenewable resources such as oil or renewable resources such asforests
19、. This basic fault can produce a (34) 9 sense ofnational economic health. According to GNP, for example, countries that overcutforest actually do better than those that preserve their forest. The trees cutdown are counted as income but no subtraction is made for (35) 10 the forests. （分数：71.00）填空项 1:
20、_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、Part III Reading Com(总题数：1，分数：35.50)As a teacher, you could bring the community into your classroom in many ways. The parents and grandparents of your students are resources and (36)_ for their children. They can be (37) _ teachers of
21、 their own traditions and histories. Immigrant parents could talk about their country of (38) _ and why they emigrated to the United States. Parents can be invited to talk about their jobs or a community project. Parents, of course, are not the only community resources. Employees at local business a
22、nd staff at community agencies have (39)_ information to share in classrooms. Field trips provide another opportunity to know the community. Many students dont have the opportunity to (40) _ concerts or visit museums or historical sites except through field trips. A school district should have (41)
23、_ for selecting and conducting field trips. Families must be made (42) _ of field trips and give permission for their children to participate. Through school projects, students can learn to be (43) _ in community projects ranging from planting trees to cleaning up a park to assisting elderly people.
24、 Students, (44)_ older ones, might conduct research on a community need that could lead to action by a city council or state government. Some schools require students to provide community service by (45)_ in a nursing home, child care center or government agency. These projects help students underst
25、and their responsibility to the larger community. A)assets B) attend C) aware D) especially E)excellent F) expensive G) guidelines H) involved I) joining J) naturally K) observe L) origin M) recruited N) up-to-date O) volunteering （分数：35.50）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O
26、.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.七、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Essay -granding Software Officer
27、s Professors a Break A Imagine taking a college exam, and instead of handing in a blue book and getting a grade from a professoer a few weeks later, clicking the “send” button when you are done and receiving a grade back instantly, your essay scored by a software program. And then, instead of being
28、done with the exam, imagine that the system would immediately let you rewrite the test to try to improve your grade. B Edx,the nonprofit enterprise founded by Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Thnology(MIT) to offer courses on the Internet ,has just introduced such a system and will make it
29、s automated(自动的)software available free on the Web to any institutioons that wants to use it. The software uses artificial intelligence to grade student essays and short written answers, freeing professors for other tasks. C The new service will bring the educational consortium(联盟)into a growing con
30、flict over the role of the automation education. Altough automated grading systems for multiple-choice and true-false tests are now widespread, the use of artificial intelligence technology to grade essay answers has not yet provided widespread acceptance by educations and has many critics. D Anant
31、Agarwal, an electrical engineer who is president of Edx, predicted that the instant grading software would be a useful teaching tool,enabling students to take tests and write essays over and over and improve the quality of their answers . He said the technology would offer distinct advantages over t
32、he traditional classroom system, where students often wait days or weeks for grades.“Thers is a huge value in learning with instant feedback,” Dr.Agarwal said, “Students are telling us they learn much better with instant feedback.” E But skeptics(怀疑者)say the automated system is no matter for live te
33、achers. One longtime critic, Les Perelman，has drawn national attention several times for putting together nonsense essays that have fooled software grading programs into giving high marks. He has also been highly critical of studies claiming that the software compares well to human grades. F He is a
34、mong a group of educators who last month began circulating a petition(呼吁) opposing automated assessment software. The group, which calls itself Professionals Against Machine Scoring of Student Essays in High-Stakes Assessment, has collected nearly 2,000 signatures, including some from famous people
35、like Noam Chomsky. G “Lets face the realities of automatic essay scoring,” the groups statement reads in part. “Computers cannot read. They cannot measure the essentials of effective written communication: accuracy, reasoning, adequacy of evidence, good sense, ethical (伦理)position, convincing argume
36、nt, meaningful organization, and clarity, among others.” H But EdX experts its software to be widely by schools and universities. It offers free online classes from Harvard, MIT and the University of California-Berkeley; this fall, it will add classes from Wellesley, Geogetown and the University of
37、Texas. In all, 12 universities participate in EdX, which offers certificates for course completion and has said that it plans to continue to expand next year, including adding international schools. I The EdX assessment tool requires human teachers, or graders 100 essay or essay questions. The syste
38、m then uses a variety of machine-learning techniques to train itself to be able to grade any number of essays or answers automatically and almost instantly. The software will assign a grade depending on the scoring system created by the teacher, whether it is a letter grade or numerical (数字的) rank.
39、J Edx is not the first to use the automated assessment technology, which dates to early computers in the 1960s. there is now a range of companies offering commercial programs to grade written test answers, and four states Louisiana, North Dakota, Utah and West Virginia are using some form of the tec
40、hnology in second schools. A fifth, Indiana, has experimented with it. In some cases the software is used as a “second reader”, to check the reliability of the human graders. K But the growing influence of the Edx consortium to set standards is likely to give the technology a boost. On Tuesday, Stan
41、ford announced that it would work with EdX to develop a joint educational system that will make use of the automated assessment technology. L Two start-ups, Coursera and Udacity, recently founded by Stanford faculty members to create “massive open online courses,” or MOOCs, are also committed to aut
42、omated assessment systems because of the value of instant feedback. “it allows students to get immediate feedback on their work, so that learning turns into a game, with students naturally gravitating (吸引) to ward resubmitting the work until they get it right, ” said Daphne Koller, a computer scient
43、ist and a founder of Coursera. M Last year the Hewlett Foundation, a grant-making organization set up by one of the Hewlett-Packard founders and his wife, sponsored two $100,000 Prizes aimed at improving software that grades essay and short answers. More than 150 teams entered each category. A winne
44、r of one of the Hewlett contents, Vik Paruchurt was hired by EdX to help design its assessment software. N “One of our focus is to help kids learn how to think critically,” said Vuchic, a program officer at the Hewlett Foundation. “Its probably impossible to do that with multiple-choice tests”. The
45、challenge is that this requires human graders, and so they cost a lot more and they take a lot of more time. O Mark D.Shermis, a professor at the University of Akron in Ohio, supervised the Hewlett Foundations contest on automated essay scoring and wrote a paper about the experiment. In his view, th
46、e technology though imperfect has a place in educational settings. P With increasing large class, it is impossible for most teachers to give students meaningful feedback on writing assignments, he said Plus, he noted, critics of the technology have tended to come from the nations best universities,
47、where the level of teaching is much better than at most schools. Q “Often they come from very famous institutions where, in fact, they do a much better job of providing feedback than a machine over could,” Dr. Shermis said. “There seems to be a lack of appreciation of what is actually going on in th
48、e real world.” （分数：71.00）(1).Some professors in education are collecting signatures to voice their opposition to automated essay grading.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.P.Q.(2).using software to grade students essay saves teachers time for other work. （分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.P.Q.(3).the Hewlett contests aim at improving essay grading software. （分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.P.Q.(4).Though the automated grading system is widely used in multiple-choice tests, automated
