1、翻译三级口译实务分类模拟题 2 及答案解析(总分：59.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part (总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.赵：“地球日”是怎么回事?什么时候开始的?都取得了哪些成就? Smith: Earth Day was started in 1970It was set to help raise the general public“s environ- mental awarenessFor one thing，it provides a special day to remind people to take care of the EarthIt also gives
2、 special interest and environmental groups an opportunity to motivate their membs to take action in their communities 赵：听起来不错。可就在环保取得成绩的同时，人口膨胀、臭氧层空洞、全球气候变暖这些问题一点也没有改善。地球人口越多，资源消耗的越多，产生的垃圾也越多，到时连种粮食的地都没有了怎么办?对此我们决不可掉以轻心。 Smith: That is certainly trueBy the year 2005，there will be 7 billion people on
3、 the planetI personally think that recycling is the answerPaper，metal，rubber，oil，and many other materials are going to have to be recycled on a much greater scaleEveryone will have to be involvedPerhaps even special legislation will be requiredIt is true that we are losing millions of hectares every
4、 year to housing and roadsBut there is still a lot of undeveloped land that could be used for both farming and housingAnd science and technology is helping us to get more out of the land that is used for farming 赵：那么今年“地球日”你打算都干点什么呢? Smith: I will probably attend our city“s annual Earth Day celebrat
5、ions and thenhelp pick up the mountain of garbage leftover （分数：20.00）_二、Part (总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.I see a very clear link here between British science, the development of British universities and the technological revolution. A couple of weeks ago, I had a presentation at Downing Street from some of ou
6、r leading scientists. It covered fields such as nanotechnology, brain transmitters and the latest in IT. The potential in all cases was immense, for industrial production, medicine and communications. The connection between top quality scientific research and business spin-offs and development was o
7、bvious. And in the end, of course, it is business managers or public service reformers that will apply the technology in new ways. The point I am making is this. Part of winning this IT battle for the future is to create a culture in which the worlds of education, academia, science, technology and b
8、usiness are engaged in a perpetual conversation and exchange of views. A conversation in which we are breaking new ground in scientific and technological advance, in which our schools and universities feel comfortable with its potential; in which business and society are naturally looking for ways o
9、f applying the advances made. There are now 600 million people online. Worldwide 140,000 more people connect to the net every day. In the last three decades the price of a transatlantic phone call has fallen to a small fraction of its original level. In the same period, just as Intel“s Gordon Moore
10、predicted, computing power has doubled every eighteen months to two years. A 3G handset, soon to be on sale in every high street in the UK, has around 20,000 times more computing power than the Apollo 11 spacecraft. Recently, we witnessed an incredible moment when scientists at MIT in the US and UCL
11、 in London teamed up to pull off the first transatlantic virtual handshake. Using second-generation Internet technology, they recreated the sense of touch over a 3,000-mile distance a remarkable development that could have applications for areas as diverse as medicine and design. （分数：40.00）_三、Part (
12、总题数：1，分数：-1.00)3.女士们，先生们： 英国以其灿烂的文化，众多的发明创造为世界文明和进步做出了巨大的贡献，也对中国社会的发展产生了重要的影响。改革开放以来，中国积极提倡学习、吸收包括英国在内的世界各国先进的科学技术、管理经验和优秀文化成果，以促进自己的现代化进程。中国一贯重视英国在欧洲及世界的地位和作用。中英都是联合国安理会常任理事国，在维护世界和平、促进共同发展方面肩负着重大责任，也存在着广泛的共同利益。我们应该站在战略高度，以长远眼光来看待中英关系，希望双方多来往，多了解，多协商，多合作。 （分数：-1.00）_翻译三级口译实务分类模拟题 2 答案解析(总分：59.00，做题
13、时间：90 分钟)一、Part (总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.赵：“地球日”是怎么回事?什么时候开始的?都取得了哪些成就? Smith: Earth Day was started in 1970It was set to help raise the general public“s environ- mental awarenessFor one thing，it provides a special day to remind people to take care of the EarthIt also gives special interest and environment
14、al groups an opportunity to motivate their membs to take action in their communities 赵：听起来不错。可就在环保取得成绩的同时，人口膨胀、臭氧层空洞、全球气候变暖这些问题一点也没有改善。地球人口越多，资源消耗的越多，产生的垃圾也越多，到时连种粮食的地都没有了怎么办?对此我们决不可掉以轻心。 Smith: That is certainly trueBy the year 2005，there will be 7 billion people on the planetI personally think tha
15、t recycling is the answerPaper，metal，rubber，oil，and many other materials are going to have to be recycled on a much greater scaleEveryone will have to be involvedPerhaps even special legislation will be requiredIt is true that we are losing millions of hectares every year to housing and roadsBut the
16、re is still a lot of undeveloped land that could be used for both farming and housingAnd science and technology is helping us to get more out of the land that is used for farming 赵：那么今年“地球日”你打算都干点什么呢? Smith: I will probably attend our city“s annual Earth Day celebrations and thenhelp pick up the mou
17、ntain of garbage leftover （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：参考译文 Zhao: So what is the purpose of Earth Day，how did it get started and what exactly has it accomplished? 史密斯：“地球日”是 1970 年开始的，目的是提高公众的环保意识。一则是这一活动可以提醒人们要细心照看好我们的地球，同时也使特别利益团体和环保组织有机会动员自己的成员在各自社区采取行动。 Zhao: That all sounds niceBut compared with progre
18、ss made in environmental protection， nothing seems to have changed in population explosion，ozone depletion，global warm- ing and that sort of thingLet“s face it，the more people on the earth，the more resources will be used up and the more waste there will beWhat are we going to do if we run out ofland
19、 for food?We must not take the issue lighty 史密斯：你说的很对。到 2005 年，地球人口将达 70 亿。我个人认为解决上述问题的方法在废品回收利用。纸张、金属、橡胶、油料、以及许多物资都必须在更大程度上回收利用。每个人都要参与。也许还需要特别立法。我们的确正在因建房筑路失去千百万公顷的土地，但未开发的土地还不少，可以用来种植农作物或建房。科学技术能帮我们从农田取 得更大的收获。 Zhao: So what are you going to do for Earth Day this year? 史密斯：我也许会参加市里举办的“地球日”纪念大会，然后
20、帮忙清扫成山的垃圾。 解析 交替传译是译员在讲话人讲完一句、一个意群、一段甚至整篇后译出目标语言的翻译方式。在交替传译中，关键是理解，以听为主，笔记为辅。听需要百分之百的投入，而记笔记所用的脑力是额外创造出来的，两者之间的桥梁是理解。 记笔记，应该在第一个意群在脑海中成形后，再动笔。记笔记的关键，不是对文章原话一字不差的记录，而是原话意思的忠实再造。同时关联词在记笔记中起很大的作用，用关联词这根线串起整个意思链。此外，记笔记还应当体现出主 次，什么是主干，什么是枝干，什么是例子，都应该在笔记中一目了然。 本段对话主要讨论有关地球日的情况，要求应试者掌握某些专门用语、专有 名词，考查应试者的基本
21、素质；在此基础上，应试者还要在相当短的时间内理解长难句并准确完整地翻译；对某些短语和单词确切理解其含义并能理解其在上下文语境中的确切用法，使译文不仅准确完整，而且符合目标语的语言习惯。 基本素质采分点 下列单词或短语是基础知识点，包括专有名词、惯用表达等，是译者正确理解并翻译的关键。 1Earth Day 地球日 2population explosion 人口爆炸 3ozone depletion 臭氧层空洞 4global warming 全球气候变暖 结构理解采分点 下面是本段对话出现的长难句，要求应试者在很短时间内，判断其结构、大 意并组织语言，且保证信息的完整和准确。 1For on
22、e thing，it prOvides a special day to remind people to take care of the EarthIt also gives special interest and environmental goups an opportunity to motivate their members to take action in their communities 原文为两个并列句，使用的衔接词是 for one thingalso，在翻译中，使用合译法，把两个简单句译成一个单句。同时注意记录核心内容，也就是两个并 列句的主干：provide a
23、 day，remind people to take care of the Eanh；motivate members to take action参考译文为：一则是这一活动可以提醒人们要细心照看好我们的地球，同时也使特别利益团体和环保组织有机会动员自己的成员在各自社 区采取行动。 2可就在环保取得成绩的同时，人口膨胀、臭氧层空洞、全球气候变暖这些问题一点也没有改善。 原句为一个复杂单句，句子主干是“这些问题没有改善”，译者应做好笔记， 记下是哪些问题。中文句子的定语修饰语过长，且位于被修饰语之前。在翻译时，应改变顺序，原文的语序颠倒过来，即“环保一点也没改变下列问题”。 参考译文为：But
24、 compared with progress made in environmental protection，nothing seems to have changed in population explosion，ozone depletion，global warming and that sort ofthings 3地球人口越多，资源消耗得越多，产生的垃圾也就越多，到时连种粮食的地 都没有了怎么办? 原句中并列成分多，注意记下核心信息：人口，资耗，垃圾多、粮食地没了怎么办。在翻译时使用拆句法，把长句拆成短句，不会遗漏信息，而且容易理解。参考译文为：the more people
25、on the earth，the more resources will be us ed up and the more waste there will beWhat are we going to do if we run out of land for food? 4But there is still a lot ofundeveloped land that could be used for both farming and housing 原句的核心内容是“there is undeveloped land”，句子中含有定语从句，为了使译文清楚，可使用拆句法，在定语从句前拆译。
26、参考译文为：但未开发的土地还不少，可以用来种植农作物或建房。 5I will probably attend our city“s annual“Earth Day”celebrations and then help pick up the mountain of garbage left over 原句是由连词 and 连接的两个并列句，核心信息是：attend“Earth Day”，pick up garbage 时间上顺承关系。翻译时可采用顺译法或直译法，把原文信息表达出来。参考译文为：我也许会参加市里举办的一年一次的“地球日”纪念大会，然后帮忙清扫成山的垃圾。 言语表达采分点 应试者
27、在注意了整体表达的基础上，还应正确理解和翻译某些重要短语或单词，以使译文完整流畅。 1取得成就 accomplish 2raise the general public“s awareness 提高公众意识 3special interest groups 特别利益集团 4motivate 激发 5种粮食的土地没有了 runoutoflandforfood 6掉以轻心 take the issue lightly 7recycling 再循环、回收 8beinvolved 参加 9attend 出席、参加 10leftover 剩余的二、Part (总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.I see
28、 a very clear link here between British science, the development of British universities and the technological revolution. A couple of weeks ago, I had a presentation at Downing Street from some of our leading scientists. It covered fields such as nanotechnology, brain transmitters and the latest in
29、 IT. The potential in all cases was immense, for industrial production, medicine and communications. The connection between top quality scientific research and business spin-offs and development was obvious. And in the end, of course, it is business managers or public service reformers that will app
30、ly the technology in new ways. The point I am making is this. Part of winning this IT battle for the future is to create a culture in which the worlds of education, academia, science, technology and business are engaged in a perpetual conversation and exchange of views. A conversation in which we ar
31、e breaking new ground in scientific and technological advance, in which our schools and universities feel comfortable with its potential; in which business and society are naturally looking for ways of applying the advances made. There are now 600 million people online. Worldwide 140,000 more people
32、 connect to the net every day. In the last three decades the price of a transatlantic phone call has fallen to a small fraction of its original level. In the same period, just as Intel“s Gordon Moore predicted, computing power has doubled every eighteen months to two years. A 3G handset, soon to be
33、on sale in every high street in the UK, has around 20,000 times more computing power than the Apollo 11 spacecraft. Recently, we witnessed an incredible moment when scientists at MIT in the US and UCL in London teamed up to pull off the first transatlantic virtual handshake. Using second-generation
34、Internet technology, they recreated the sense of touch over a 3,000-mile distance a remarkable development that could have applications for areas as diverse as medicine and design. （分数：40.00）_正确答案：()解析：我认为，英国的科学发展、英国大学的发展与技术革命有着十分明显的联系。几周前，我在唐宁街听取了几位顶尖科学家的报告。报告的内容涉及了诸如纳米技术、大脑传输技术以及 IT 业的最新动态。这些领域对于工
35、业生产、医药和通讯有着巨大的潜在价值。高质量的科学研究与商业副产品及其开发之间的联系显而易见。当然，最终还是将由商界的经理或是公共服务业的改革者们以崭新的方式应用技术。 我在此想指出的是，打赢未来信息战的关键部分在于构建一种文化，使得教育、学术、科学技术以及商界能够共同参与长久的对话和交流。在此种对话中间，我们可以在科学技术的发展中不断创新，大中学校则可得益其潜在效益，商界及社会可自然地寻找开发利用这些新发展的途径。 现有六亿人在线，全球还有 14 万人每天都上网。在过去的三十年中，跨越大西洋电话的价格已降为原来价格的零头。而与此同时，正如英特尔的戈登?摩尔预测，电脑的运算能力每 18 月到每
36、两年便提高一倍。即将在英国各大街道出售的第三代手机的运算能力比阿波罗 11 号宇宙飞船还要强出两万倍。 最近，我们见证了一个令人难以置信的时刻。美国的麻省理工学院(MIT)和伦敦的伦敦大学学院(UCL)合作实现了首次跨越大西洋的虚拟握手。他们使用第二代因特网技术在距离超过三千英里之遥再现了触觉。这是一项可能会应用于包括医药、设计在内的广泛领域的非凡成就。 解析 本文强调当今世界对话与交流的重要性。科学发展、大学发展、技术革命密切联系；教育、学术、科学技术、商业界需要进行对话，相互促进；网络技术的发展推动了这些交流和对话。 本文要求应试者掌握一些科学技术、教育和网络方面的知识和专有名词。文章中使
37、用了大量的数字统计和举例说明，应试者需要在很短的时间内，将三位数字一进位的英语转化为四位数字一进位的汉浯。应试者需要通过平常的练习提高对数字的反应速度。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇文章考查的基础知识点，涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等，是应试者理解、翻泽的关键。 1Downing Street 唐宁街 2nano-technology 纳米技术 3brain transmitters 大脑传输技术 4MIT 麻省理工学院 5UCL 伦敦大学学院 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句，要求应试者迅速理解句子大意，分析出句子中所包含的意群，转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的
38、过程中，应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1I see a very clear link here between British science, the development of British universities and the technological revolution. 原文中的句子主干是：1)(主语)I+(谓语)see+(宾语)a link；2)between science, the development of British universities and the technological revolution，
39、介词短语解释说明 link。在说明几者之间的联系时，英语一般用“a link between . and .”，汉语一般用“有着(存在)联系”。 2And in the end, of course, it is business managers or public service reformers that will apply the technology in new ways. 原句是一个强调句，(主语) business managers or public service reformers 是被强调的成分；“it is. that.”是强调结构，没有实际意义，可以省略不译；i
40、n new ways 是方式状语，在翻译时，需要改变句序，移至主语和谓语之间。 3Part of winning this IT battle for the future is to create a culture in which the worlds of education, academia, science, technology and business are engaged in a perpetual conversation and exchange of views. 原句句子结构分析如下：1)句子主干是(主语) part of winning this IT bat
41、tle for the future+(谓语)is+(表语)to create a culture；翻译时，主语中的介词短语 for the future 应该移至 IT battle 之前；2)in which 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 culture，翻译时，运用汉语使动词“使得”连接主从句。 4A 3G handset, soon to be on sale in every high street in the UK, has around 20,000 times more computing power than the Apollo 11 spacecraft. 原句句子结构分析
42、如下；1)(主语)a 3G handset+(谓语)has+(宾语)more computing power；2)soon to be on sale in every high street in the UK，非谓语动词短语，修饰主语。翻译时，应该提前到主语前面，充当主语的前置修饰语。 5Recently, we witnessed an incredible moment when scientists at MIT in the US and UCL in London teamed up to pull off the first transatlantic virtual hand
43、shake. 原句句子结构分析如下：1)(主语)we+(谓语)witnessed+(宾语)an incredible moment；2)when 引导时间状语从句，从句结构为：(主语)scientists+ (谓语)teamed up；翻译时，可以将主从句切分为两个独立的句子。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思，还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。 1presentation 报告 2industrial production 工业生产 3business spin-offs 商业副产品 4perpetual conversation 长久对话 5ex
44、change of views 交流 6small fraction 零头 7computing power 运算能力 8be on sale 出售 9second-generation 第二代 10sense of touch 触觉三、Part (总题数：1，分数：-1.00)3.女士们，先生们： 英国以其灿烂的文化，众多的发明创造为世界文明和进步做出了巨大的贡献，也对中国社会的发展产生了重要的影响。改革开放以来，中国积极提倡学习、吸收包括英国在内的世界各国先进的科学技术、管理经验和优秀文化成果，以促进自己的现代化进程。中国一贯重视英国在欧洲及世界的地位和作用。中英都是联合国安理会常任理事国
45、，在维护世界和平、促进共同发展方面肩负着重大责任，也存在着广泛的共同利益。我们应该站在战略高度，以长远眼光来看待中英关系，希望双方多来往，多了解，多协商，多合作。 （分数：-1.00）_正确答案：()解析：Ladies and Gentlemen, With its splendid culture and numerous inventions, Britain has made tremendous contribution to human civilization and progress. It has also exerted an important influence on C
46、hina“s social development. Since the beginning of reform and opening-up, we have called upon our people to study and draw upon advanced science and technology, managerial expertise and free cultural achievements of Britain and other countries with the goal of boosting our own modernization drive. Ch
47、ina has always attached importance to the United Kingdom and its role in Europe and in the world. Both China and the UK are permanent members of the UN Security Council, shouldering major responsibilities and having extensive shared interests in safeguarding world peace and promoting common development. We should view China-Britain relations from a strategic and long-term point of view. I hope our two sides will make further efforts to increase contact and understanding, and strengthen consultation and cooperation between our two countries.
