1、公共英语(五级)5 及答案解析(总分：7.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Section II Use of E(总题数：1，分数：1.00)The new prestige of the British graduates is the most spectacular because in the past Britain has been much 【B1】 interested in universities and degrees than other advanced countries or even some backward 【B2】 . In 1901 Ramsay Mu
2、ir observed that Britain had 【B3】 universities per head than any other civilized country in Europe except Turkey. A UNESCO survey in 1967 【B4】 Britain was still close to the bottom in Europe, in 【B5】 of the proportion of the age-group from twenty to twenty-four who were enrolled in 【B6】 education. M
3、ost continental countries in the 【B7】 decade have expanded their higher education faster than Britain. University statistics are notoriously difficult to compare, because of the different implications of the word “student“ ; in most continental countries anyone who 【B8】 his final school exam the bac
4、calaureate is entitled to go into the university on the principle of “let him pass“ ; but he has 【B9】 guarantees of tuition or personal attention. Partly as a result there are far more drop-outs and “ghost students“ ; in France half the students never become graduates. A comparison of graduates, as
5、opposed 【B10】 students, shows Britain in 【B11】 favorable light, for most British students take a degree. 【B12】 even in terms of graduates, Britain is still 【B13】 in the Europe league. Going to university is a much more solid ambition among the sons of the bourgeoisie in France or Germany than in 【B1
6、4】 ; many of the British middle-classes 【B15】 the shopkeepers and small-business men have tended to be skeptical, if 【B16】 actually hostile, to university education for their children, and there are still rich and quite intelligent parents who will prefer their children to go straight 【B17】 school i
7、nto the city, to the army 【B18】 to farming. But the attractions of a BA or 【B19】 MA have penetrated into areas, 【B20】 among the rich and the poor, where they would not have been felt twenty years ago; and they are far-reaching. （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
8、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、Section III Reading(总题数：3，分数：3.00)In department stores and closets all over the world, they are waiting. Their outward appearance seems rather appealing because they come in a variety of styles, textures, and colors. But
9、they are ultimately the biggest deception that exists in the fashion industry today. What are they? They are high heels a womans worst enemy (whether she knows it or not). High heel shoes are the downfall of modern society. Fashion myths have led women to believe that they are more beautiful or soph
10、isticated for wearing heels, but in reality, heels succeed in posing short as well as long term hardships. Women should fight the high heel industry by refusing to use or purchase them in order to save the world from unnecessary physical and psychological suffering. For the sake of fairness, it must
11、 be noted that there is a positive side to high heels. First, heels are excellent for aerating lawns. Anyone who has ever worn heels on grass knows what I am talking about. A simple trip around the yard in a pair of those babies eliminates all need to call for a lawn care specialist, and provides th
12、e perfect-sized holes to give any lawn oxygen without all those messy chunks of dirt lying around. Second, heels are quite functional for defense against oncoming enemies, who can easily be scared away by threatening them with a pair of these sharp, deadly fashion accessories. Regardless of such pra
13、ctical uses for heels, the fact remains that wearing high heels is harmful to ones physical health. Talk to any podiatrist, and you will hear that the majority of their business comes from high-heel-wearing women. High heels are known to cause problems such as deformed feet and torn toenails. The ri
14、sk of severe back problems and twisted or broken ankles is three times higher for a high heel wearer than for a flat shoe wearer. Wearing heels also creates the threat of getting a heel caught in a sidewalk crack or a sewer-grate and being thrown to the ground possibly breaking a nose, back, or neck
15、. And of course, after wearing heels for a day, any woman knows she can look forward to a night of pain as she tries to comfort her swollen, aching feet. （分数：1.00）(1).What makes women blind to the deceptive nature of high heels?（分数：0.20）A.The multi-functional use of high heels.B.Their attempt to sho
16、w off their status.C.The rich variety of high heel styles.D.Their wish to improve their appearance.(2).The authors presentation of the positive side of high heels is meant_.（分数：0.20）A.to be ironicB.to poke fun at womenC.to be fair to the fashion industryD.to make his point convincing(3).The author u
17、ses the expression “those babies“ in the second paragraph to refer to high heels_.（分数：0.20）A.to show their fragile characteristicsB.to indicate their feminine featuresC.to show womens affection for themD.to emphasize their small size(4).The authors chief argument against high heels is that_.（分数：0.20
18、）A.they pose a threat to lawnsB.they are injurious to womens healthC.they dont necessarily make women beautifulD.they are ineffective as a weapon of defense(5).It can be inferred from the passage that women should_.（分数：0.20）A.see through the very nature of fashion mythsB.boycott the products of the
19、fashion industryC.go to a podiatrist regularly for adviceD.avoid following fashion too closelyThe estimates of the numbers of home-schooled children vary widely. The U.S. Department of Education estimates there are 250,000 to 350,000 home-schooled children in the country. Home-school advocates put t
20、he number much higher at about a million. Many public school advocates take a harsh attitude toward home-schoolers, perceiving their actions as. the ultimate slap in the face for public education and a damaging move for the children. Home-schoolers harbor few kind words for public schools, charging
21、shortcomings that range from lack of religious perspective in the curriculum to a herdlike approach to teaching children. Yet, as public school officials realize they stand little to gain by remaining hostile to the home-school population, and as home-schoolers realize they can reap benefits from pu
22、blic schools, these hard lines seem to be softening a bit. Public schools and home-schoolers have moved closer to tolerance and, in some cases, even cooperation. Says John Marshall, an education official, “ We are becoming relatively tolerant of home-schoolers. The idea is, Lets give the kids access
23、 to public school so theyll see its not as terrible as theyve been told, and theyll want to come back. Perhaps, but dont count on it, say home-school advocates. Home-schoolers oppose the system because they have strong convictions that their approach to education whether fueled by religious enthusia
24、sm or the individual childs interests and natural pace is best. “The bulk of home-schoolers just want to be left alone,“ says Enge Cannon, associate director of the National Center For Home Education. She says home-schoolers choose that path for a variety of reasons, but religion plays a role 85% of
25、 the time. Professor Van Galen breaks home-schoolers into two groups. Some home-schoolers want their children to learn not only traditional subject matters but also “ strict religious doctrine and a conservative political and social perspective. Not incidentally, they also want their children to lea
26、rn both intellectually and emotionally that family is the most important institution in society. “ Other home-schoolers contend “not so much that the schools teach heresy, but that, schools teach whatever they teach inappropriately,“ Van Galen writes. “ These parents are highly independent and striv
27、e to take responsibility for their own lives within a society that they define as bureaucratic and inefficient. “ （分数：1.00）(1).According to the passage, home-schoolers are those who_.（分数：0.20）A.engage private teachers to provide additional education for their childrenB.educate their children at home
28、 instead of sending them to schoolC.advocate combining public education with home schoolingD.dont go to school but are educated at home by their parents(2).Public schools are softening their position on home-schooling because_.（分数：0.20）A.there isnt much they can go to change the present situationB.t
29、hey want to show their tolerance of different teaching systemsC.home-schooling provides a new variety of education for childrenD.public schools have so many problems that they cannot offer proper education for all children(3).Home-school advocates are of the opinion that_.（分数：0.20）A.things in public
30、 schools are not so bad as has often been saidB.their tolerance of public education will attract more kids to public schoolsC.home-schooling is superior and, they will not easily give inD.their increased cooperation with public school will bring about the improvement of public education(4).Most home
31、-schoolers opposition to public education stems from their_.（分数：0.20）A.respect for the interests of individualsB.worry about the inefficiency of public schoolsC.concern with the cost involvedD.devotion to religion(5).According to Van Galen some home-schoolers believe that_.（分数：0.20）A.public schools
32、take up a herdlike approach to teaching childrenB.teachers in public schools are not as responsible as they should beC.public schools cannot provide an education that is good enough for their childrenD.public schools are the source of bureaucracy and inefficiency in modern societyNot too many decade
33、s ago it seemed “obvious“ both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed peoples natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a gr
34、owing body of research has revealed that the “obvious“ is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It doe
35、s not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else. Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Sm
36、all-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor
37、 are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers. These findings do not i
38、mply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a communitys population
39、 size and its social heterogeneity. For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are, also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan outlook, to displa
40、y less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large populati
41、on size. （分数：1.00）(1).Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph?（分数：0.20）A.Two contrasting views are presented.B.An argument is examined and possible, solutions given.C.Research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in order of time
42、.D.A detailed description of the difference between urban and small-town life is given.(2).According to the passage, it was once a common belief that urban residents_.（分数：0.20）A.did not have the same interests as their neighborsB.could not develop long-standing relationshipsC.tended to be associated
43、 with bad behaviorD.usually had more friends(3).One of the consequences of urban life is that impersonal relationships among neighbors（分数：0.20）A.disrupt peoples natural relationsB.make them worry about crimeC.cause them not to show concern for one anotherD.cause them to be suspicious of each other(4
44、).It can be inferred from the passage that the bigger a community is_.（分数：0.20）A.the better its quality of lifeB.the more similar its interestsC.the more tolerant and open-minded it isD.the likelier it is to display psychological symptoms of stress(5).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：0.20）A.Simi
45、larities in the interpersonal relationships between urbanites and small-town dwellers.B.Advantages of living in big cities as compared with living in small towns.C.The positive role that urbanism plays in modern life.D.The strong feeling of alienation of city inhabitants.三、Part B Directions: I(总题数：1
46、，分数：1.00)China has made great achievements over the past two decades in its legal construction, said a recent article in China Daily. In line with a market economy, many laws and regulations in the country have been established or revised. Reform of state-owned enterprises is the key to Chinas econo
47、mic reform drive. Its goal is to make firms responsible for their own gains and losses in the market place. In 1988, a new law gave a legal basis for the State enterprises independent management. 66.( ) The newly issued Company Law is important in protecting the interests of both companies and share
48、holders. The law clearly defines the organization and operation of companies and thus guarantees order for the countrys overall economic situation. China witnessed a great development in township enterprises in the past 20 years. To support and guide the development of township firms, and to boost economic development in rural areas, a law on these township enterprises was formulated. Establishmen
