1、公共英语四级-1 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BPart A/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Directions:For Questions 1-5, you will hear a dialogue about the GRAMMYS. While you listen, fill out the table with the information youve heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Wr
2、ite only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording only once.The most prestigious award in the recording industry GRAMMYTime to start the award _ 1Five stages in the award processEntering; _; screen-ing; _; voting23How many awards categories _ 4Who vote for the awardsRecordi
3、ng _s votingmembers5The number of audiences Over 2 billion（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Directions:For Questions 6-10, you will hear a report about lab monkeys. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for eac
4、h answer. You will hear the recording once.（分数：5.00）(1).Within minutes after the little monkey is put into a small steel cage, the fright in its little brown eyes softens into _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).For Dr. Camerons purposes, the baby monkey can be compared to a highly anxious or depressed _（分数：1.00）填
5、空项 1:_(3).How much percent of adults can be kept from growing into a weak condition and lifelong problem if researchers learn how the disorder takes root?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The animals cannot talk about feelings. Anxiety, though, is easy to measure by _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Ultimately, what can be se
6、arched for that may explain peoples anxiety _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、BPart C/B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Directions:You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one: you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. Af
7、ter listening, you will have time to check your answer. You will hear each piece only once.Questions 11-13 are based on a report about the post-graduation lives of those well-educated young eastern Germans. You now have 15 seconds to read Question 11-13. （分数：3.00）(1).What major did Ms. Kophal got wh
8、en she graduated from the University of Rostock last year? A. Medical science B. Political science C. Biology D. Production management（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the national average percent of unemployment? A. 9 percent B. 12 percent C. 16 percent D. 18 percent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What are the two
9、 classic jobs that people will take in Rostock, besides working at McDonalds? A. Becoming a physicist B. Becoming a school teacher C. Becoming a taxi driver D. Becoming a magazine production manager（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 14-16 are based on the following talk about Fathers day. You now have is se
10、conds to read Questions 14-16. （分数：3.00）(1).Why Sonora Louise Smart Dodd wanted to celebrate Fathers day? A. Because she thought man and woman should be equal. B. Because the president Washington asked her to do so. C. Because she wanted to show respect to her father who brought up six children. D.
11、Because she could not celebrate Mothers day.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What day did Sonora choose as Fathers Day? A. June 19th B. the third Sunday in June C. the second Sunday in June D. June 13th（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which president in the United States establish Fathers Day as a permanent national observ
12、ance? A. George Washington B. Calvin Coolidge C. Richard Nixon D. Lybdon Johnson（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 17-20 are based on a report about high style cameras. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20. （分数：4.00）(1).What is Canon Digital PowerShot s230 cameras size? A. Similar to a credit car
13、d B. Similar to a necklace C. Similar to a cigarette box D. Similar to a dressing case（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What are the target consumers of Digital PowerShot s230 camera? A. Young white-collar men B. Middle-aged white-collar men C. Young white-collar women D. Middle-aged white-collar women（分数：1.00）A
14、.B.C.D.(3).There is an ad that shows a photo of a fashionable blonde sheathed in a clingy black dress, an ATM-card-size camera suspended like a necklace. Which Company takes this ad? A. Canon B. Sony C. Nokia D. Casio（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the report, which of the following sentences is N
15、OT true? A. Now manufacturers are seeking a combination of high-tech features and “cool“ design B. Those young white-collar women have not been the primary buyers of digital cameras C. Digital technology is still a novelty nowadays. D. The Canon Digital PowerShot s230 camera is introduced in Septemb
16、er, 2002.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases U U
17、1 /U /Uthe trial of Rosemary West.In a significant U U 2 /U /Uof legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a U U 3 /U /Ubill that will propose making payments to witnesses U U 4 /U /Uand will strictly control the amount of U U 5 /U /Uthat can be given to a case
18、U U 6 /U /Ua trial begins. In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee, Lord Irvine said he U U 7 /U /Uwith a committee report this year which said that self-regulation did not U U 8 /U /Usufficient control.U U 9 /U /Uof the letter came two days after Lord
19、Irvine caused a U U 10 /U /Uof media protest when he said the U U 11 /U /Uof privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges U U 12 /U /Uto Parliament. The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which U U 13 /U /Uthe European Convention on Human Rights
20、 legally U U 14 /U /Uin Britain, laid down that everybody was U U 15 /U /Uto privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families. “Press freedoms will be in safe hands U U 16 /U /Uour British judges,“ he said.Witness payments became an U U 17 /U /Uafter West wa
21、s sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were U U 18 /U /Uto have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised U U 19 /U /Uwitnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to U U 20 /U /Uguilty verdicts.（分数：20.00）(1). A.as to B
22、. for instance C. in particular D. such as（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. tightening B. intensifying C. focusing D. fastening（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. sketch B. rough C. preliminary D. draft（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. illogical B. illegal C. improbable D. improper（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. publicity B. penalty C
23、. popularity D. peculiarity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6). A. since B. if C. before D. as（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7). A. sided B. shared C. complied D. agreed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8). A. present B. offer C. manifest D. indicate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9). A. Release B. Publication C. Printing D. Exposure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).
24、A. storm B. rage C. flare D. flash（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11). A. translation B. interpretation C. exhibition D. demonstration（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12). A. better than B. other than C. rather than D. sooner than（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13). A. changes B. makes C. sets D. turns（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14). A. binding B. con
25、vincing C. restraining D. sustaining（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15). A. authorized B. credited C. entitled D. qualified（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(16). A. with B. to C. from D. by（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(17). A. impact B. incident C. inference D. issue（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(18). A. stated B. remarked C. said D. told（分数：1.00）A.B.C.
26、D.(19). A. what B. when C. which D. that（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(20). A. assure B. confide C. ensure D. guarantee（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、BText 1/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scien
27、tific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialisation was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was th
28、e growing professionalisation of scientific activity.No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word “amateur“ does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientif
29、ic community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialisation in nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas
30、of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of resea
31、rch, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only i
32、f they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespr
33、ead introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readershi
34、p. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.Although the process of profession
35、alisation and specialisation was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure
36、 of science.（分数：4.00）(1).The growth of specialisation in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as _. A. society and chemistry B. physics and psychology C. sociology and psychology D. physics and chemistry（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).We can infer from the passage that _. A. there is li
37、ttle distinction between specialisation and professionalisation B. amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science C. professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community D. amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The author wr
38、ites of the development of geology to demonstrate _. A. the process of specialisation and professionalisation B. the hardship of amateurs in scientific study C. the change of polices in scientific publications D. the discrimination of professionals against amateurs（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The direct rea
39、son for specialisation is _. A. the development in communication B. the growth of professionalisation C. the expansion of scientific knowledge D. the splitting of academic societies（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.九、BText 2/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divid
40、e-the division of the world into the info(information)rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reason
41、s to be optimistic.There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governmen
42、ts, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news b
43、ecause the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that weve ever had.Of course, the use of the Internet isnt the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished
44、 countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United
45、States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didnt have the capital to do so. And that is why Americas Second Wave infrastructure-including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were
46、investing in Britains former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places Like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastr
47、ucture, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off youre going to be. That doesnt mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to
